KANGAROO MOTHER CARE – BENEFITS AND CONSEQUENCES
This study examines the role of Kangaroo Care (KC) in an infant’s early development and their vital physiology. By surveying past studies performed analyzing the specific effects of KC, the most relevant health effects of kangaroo care were chosen to analyze. These effects are on neurological, autonomic, somatic, behavioural, and motor development. Infant vital signs illustrate changes upon initiation of KC. These include changes in sleep cycles, heart rate, feeding efficiency, respiratory rate, crying and bonding between caretaker and infant. Chosen studies also addressed the effect of KC on preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants and found KC to reduce duration of hospital stays and mortality. Through examination of past studies the effects of KC were varied from infant to infant due to different medical histories and health factors. The overall conclusion from the previous studies showed that KC had positive effects on the development of a child during the first two years of life. KC is shown to favourably impact an infant and show minimal to no disadvantage to an infant’s health.
ABBREVIATIONS AND THEIR MEANING
KMC: Kangaroo mother care
KC: Kangaroo care
LBW: Low birth weight
SSC: Skin-to-skin contact
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Kangaroo care (KC) or Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is when infants are carried or held to their caretaker’s chest. This can occur moments after birth for maximal effect and can continue to be implemented through the first years of life. Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is a specialized form of KC. It is when an infant rests on their caretaker’s chest with no clothing between their skin and their caretakers. KC affects the psychological and physical development as well as the health of an infant during the first years of life. Several factors correlate with an infant’s development and the practice of KC. These effects are on neurological, autonomic, somatic, behavioural, and motor development. In addition, infant vital signs illustrate measurable changes upon initiation of KC. These include changes in sleep cycles, heart rate, feeding efficiency, respiratory rate, crying, and bonding between caretaker and infant. In this paper studies will be discussed that have addressed the effect of KC on preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants, such as an increase in health by reducing the duration of hospital stays and mortality. Although the effects of KC vary from infant to infant due to different medical histories and health factors, an infant’s health has been shown in a variety of studies to be influenced by KC. This paper will present the role of KC. The discussion will demonstrate how this type of care favourably impacts an infant.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Kangaroo, any of six large species of Australian marsupials noted for hopping and bouncing on their hind legs. The term kangaroo, most specifically used, refers to the eastern gray kangaroo, the western gray kangaroo, and the red kangaroo, as well as to the antilopine kangaroo and two species of wallaroo. Less specifically, kangaroo refers to all 14 species in the genus Macropus, some of which are called wallabies. In its broadest usage, kangaroo refers to any member of the family Macropodidae, which comprises about 65 species, including tree kangaroos and the quokka; rat kangaroos belong to a “sister” family, Potoroidae. The Macropodidae are found in Australia (including Tasmania and other offshore islands, such as Kangaroo Island), New Guinea, and the islands east to the Bismarcks. Several species have been introduced into New Zealand.
It’s become increasingly clear over decades of studies that the early days, months and years of a child’s life are critical for their future physical and mental health. The remarkable findings of a recent study suggest that close skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby combined with breastfeeding in the early days creates demonstrable improvements to the child’s future health and well-being that are still evident even after 20 years.
This technique, known as “kangaroo mother care” is generally associated with caring for low-birthweight premature babies. It features skin-to-skin contact between a mother (or father) and their newborn, frequent and exclusive or nearly-exclusive breastfeeding, and early discharge from hospital.
Kangaroo mother care (KMC) implies placing the newborn baby in intimate skin-to-skin contact with the mother's chest and abdomen coupled with frequent and preferably exclusive breast-feeding. This is similar to marsupial care-giving, where the premature baby is kept warm in the maternal pouch and close to the breasts for unlimited feeding. KMC has emerged as a non-conventional low cost method for newborn care that provides warmth, touch, and security to the newborn and is believed to confer significant survival benefit. An updated Cochrane review has reported that KMC benefits breastfeeding outcomes and cardio-respiratory stability in infants without negative effects.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a non-conventional, low-cost method for newborn care based upon intimate skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby. Our objective was to assess physiological state of low babies weight, babies before and after KMC in a teaching hospital setting.
1.3 AIM OF THE STUDY
The aims of this study is to promote the spread and implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) as the standard method of care for all newborn babies, BOTH PREMATURE AND FULL TERM. KMC has three parts: Skin-to-skin contact between the baby's front and the mother's chest.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Skin to skin contact is beneficial for both you and your baby. HEALTHCARE centres encourage mothers to use the kangaroo mother care method to care for their newborns. Named after kangaroos that carry their babies in their pouches, the method can also be done by fathers, helping them bond with their babies.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The major problem discovered when carrying out this research was on diversity of tradition, culture and religion. It was discovered that it was only minority of people belief on the practice of this study due to their tradition, religion or culture.
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