ABSTRACT
This project work is on design of a variable power supply. This work makes it possible for someone that wants to run, say a 3v radio with a power supply without using 2 * 1.5AA battery or powering any other device of higher or lower voltage rating without considering buying a new power supply.
This device supplies different level of electric energy to an electrical load. The primary function is to supply different regulated voltage to loads that fall at the same rating limit say 0-30vdc.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In Nigeria and some other parts of the world today, the electricity power supply to consumers (at homes and industries) is not maintained at a stipulated voltage. But the electronics gadgets and some other power operated machines, that we use in our homes, offices and industries requires power with constant or nearly constant voltage for their efficiency, and to avoid damage by the voltage. Regulated power supply is an electronic control circuit or device that is capable of providing a constant or nearly constant output voltage even when there is variation in load or input voltage.
This work is on a power supply with a continuously variable stabilised output adjustable at any value between 0 and 30VDC. The circuit also incorporates an electronic output current limiter that effectively controls the output current from a few milliamperes (2 mA) to the maximum output of three amperes that the circuit can deliver. This feature makes this power supply indispensable in the experimenters laboratory as it is possible to limit the current to the typical maximum that a circuit under test may require, and power it up then, without any fear that it may be damaged if something goes wrong. There is also a visual indication that the current limiter is in operation so that you can see at a glance that your circuit is exceeding or not its preset limits.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to construct a device that device supplies different level of electric energy to an electrical load which primary function is to supply different regulated voltage to loads that fall at the same rating limit say 0-30vdc.
1.3 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- Input Voltage: ……………. 48 VAC
- Input Current: ……………. 3 A (max)
- Output Voltage: …………. 0-30 V adjustable
- Output Current: …………. 2 mA-3 A adjustable
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Power Supply circuits can be extremely useful when you are working on a project which requires multiple ranges of input voltages. Building a dedicated power supply units for each of those can be painful and tedious process. Instead you can build this variable regulated voltage power supply. This device is:
- Reduced dimensions, easy construction, and simple operation.
- Output voltage easily adjustable.
- Output current limiting with visual indication.
- Complete protection of the supplied device against over loads and malfunction.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This power supply is a regulator that electricians and electrical project hobbyists use to test the capacity of voltage for any project they may have completed. The power supply is used as a gauge to make sure the piece of work the person has completed is able to withstand certain amounts of voltage and current load. Tests are generally conducted by applying different amounts of voltage to the piece of completed work a little at a time to ensure the stability of the circuit the individual has created. These types of power supplies also are used by hobbyists to power small electronics requiring variable voltage and by tattoo artists to power tattooing guns.
By using such a selected supply of power, the individual is able to spot any temperaments or inconsistencies in the circuit he’s created in a manner that allows for adjustment to be made without having to scrap the entire project. A variable power supply is a useful tool for anyone who has a background with electrical circuitry and components. It also has many uses other than just testing.
In addition to being used to test circuits, this type of power supply may be used by miniature hobbyists as well. For example, such tools are commonly used by those who work with miniature electronic train sets. The power supply can be adjusted to either speed up or slow down the train as it is pushed around the track by the power of the completed circuit.
Another common use for this type of power supply is in the tattoo industry. Voltage selected power supplies are used every day by tattoo artists to adjust the intensity and speed of the motor on their tattoo guns in order to create the desired effect with the particular tattoo needles they are working. For instance, when a tattoo artist is outlining a new piece, the speed of the gun is increased through the power supply so the needle moves faster, creating a more consistent outline. When the artist is shading an area of the skin, the power supply is used to slow down the needle in order to create consistent color coverage within the tattoo.
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