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TITLE PAGE
A SEMINAR ON AUTOMATIC CHANGEOVER SWITCH WITH PHASE MONITORING DEVICE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This project work is on changeover switch with monitoring device. It provides a means of switching from one phase of AC mains to another in the case of failure in the existing phase; it also changeover to generator if there is failure in all the three phases of the AC mains. The circuit also senses the restoration of any or all the three phases of the mains and changeover without any notice of power outage. This project has been improved on the existing types of electromechanical device that has being in use over the years.
The aim of this work is to introduce an automatic solution to overcome power fluctuation/phase interruption by selecting next most healthy available phase to feed the equipment without any notice of power outage.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRCT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- STATEMENT OF PPROBLEM
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF ELECTRICAL PHASES
2.2 REVIEW OF THREE-PHASE ELECTRIC POWER
2.3 REVIEW OF CAUSES OF POWER FAILURES
2.4 POWER SUPPLY RELIABILITY
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
- CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.5 CONCLUSIONS
3.6 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of any electric power supply in the world is to provide uninterrupted power supply at all times to all its consumers. Although, in developing countries, the electric power generated to meet the demands of the growing consumers of electricity is insufficient, hence power instability and outage.
Power instability or outage in general does not promote development in the public and private sector. The investors do not feel secure to come into a country with constant or frequent power failure. These limit the development of industries. In addition, there are processes that cannot be interrupted because of their importance for instance, surgery operation in hospitals, transfer of money between banks and lots more. Power instability and outage in developing countries (Nigeria) creates a need for alternative sources of power to backup the mains supply.
Automatic changeover switches find a wide application scope wherever the reliability of electrical supply from the utilities is low and it is used in lighting/motor circuits wherever continuity of supply is necessary, for switching to an alternative source from main supply and vice versa.
The Change Over Switch is a device used to switch off a power supply and subsequently switch on another power supply. Basically it is aimed at switching on a more convenient power supply to the load. Since it switches on power to the load, precautions has to be taken while choosing the type of Change Over Switch, while selecting the appropriate size, the control of arcing has to be put into consideration.
A good switch should be the one whose contact is made in such a way as to limit the arc formation by having no contact-bounce and by having contacts made of good conductive, corrosion resistance and wear resistance materials.
A good change over switch must have adequate insulation and must be so constructed and located as not to constitute a potential hazard.
A good change over switch should also have tight contact points so as to limit or eliminate the possibility of partial contact at the contact point. The partial contact leads to over-heating of the components and may lead to fire outbreak in the entire room.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Power failure or outage in a country, state or city is highly detrimental to development in public and private industries. The insecurity associated with constant or frequent power failure or outage brings about limitation to power consistent investments, thus hampering the development of industries and multinational ventures. Processes like carrying out surgical operations in hospitals, laboratories which require constant power supply for research, money transactions between banks and more require constant use of uninterrupted power. In other to solve this problem, an automatic changeover switch was invented. This research covers the design and construction of an automatic power changeover. It has the capacity to automatically switch power from national grid to generator and vice versa.
1.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The main of this work is to carry out a research on a workable automatic change over switch with a phase monitoring circuit also known as “Automatic Mains Failure” which switches on the head from power Holding Company (PHC) to a generator when power fails and from generator to PHC when power comes back. The objectives are:
- to ensure steady power supply
- to replace manual changeover with the automatic
- to ensure human comfort
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The automatic change over unit can be operated in single or three phase system. The automatic change over switch has the following advantages;
It minimizes damages to lives/equipment since it has its own monitoring system and its switching requires no human contact with the switch, thus eliminating human error.
It reduces its change over timing to the minimum due to its fast response to power outage.
It maintains high quality of service through its fast and prompt response.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of " a seminar on automatic changeover switch with phase monitoring device" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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