ATTITUDE OF NIGERIAN STUDENT TOWARDS REALITY TV SHOW BIG BROTHER NAIJA
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This study investigated the attitude of Nigerian Student towards reality TV show Big Brother Naija show on the social life of undergraduate students of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State. The study was anchored on cultivation theory. The researchers adopted survey research design using questionnaire as instrument of data collection. The total population of the study was 20,000 students. The Taro Yamane's formula was used to arrive at a sample size of 396. A total of 396 copies of questionnaire were distributed to the selected departments in the eleven (11) faculties of the College. The study used the multistage sampling technique in selecting respondents for the study. The findings of this study revealed that BBNaija reality TV show has wide viewership among undergraduate students of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State as 76.2% of the students watch the show in the evenings on daily bases. It also revealed that the students are not negatively influenced by what they watch on the reality show but have been positively influenced, as 72.5% of the students noted that they have been influenced in the areas of living peacefully with their roommates, neighbours and hostel mates. The researchers concluded that undergraduate students of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State are not negatively influenced by BBNaija reality TV show despite their heavy viewership. The study recommended that the subsequent shows should reflect more educational content, indigenous Nigerian cultures and serve as a channel for transporting Nigerian and African culture to the outside world.
Keywords: Big Brother Naija, audience, perception, morality, programmes
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- SCOPE/DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- ASSUMPTIONS
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL TERMS
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- INFLUENCE OF REALITY TV SHOWS ON THE SOCIAL LIFE OF STUDENTS
- DEBATING REALITY TELEVISION
- BIG BROTHER NAIJA AND ‘MORALITY’
- BIG BROTHER NAIJA AND THE VIEWING HABITS OF THE AUDIENCE
- EMPIRICAL REVIEW
- THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
- USES AND GRATIFICATIONS THEORY
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
- RESEARCH DESIGN
- POPULATION OF THE STUDY
- SAMPLE AND SAMPLING METHOD
- DATA COLLECTION METHOD
- VALIDATIONS OF INSTRUMENT
- METHODS OF DATA PRESENTATION/ANALYSIS
- INSTRUMENT(S) OF DATA ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
- RESULT
- DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Reality television programmes showed up on our television screens in the 21st century and immediately gained and sustained the viewing audiences. In Nigeria, it is common today to watch one reality programme or another in television stations airing either locally or through terrestrial broadcasting institution that aim at portraying live unscripted and unedited motion pictures have gained undisputed popularity. The rate at which individuals discuss the content of reality shows makes it glaring that this type of television programmes is here to stay. Reality television shows are overtaking the networks leaving behind an even bigger effect than that of regular television and this affect the altitude of Nigerian students.
Reality TV as a genre of television programming that has grown over the years and has become an addiction of some sort for many of their viewers especially youth and female segment of the society. According to Hall (2009:515), reality programmes are now a staple of television programming. Many people watch reality shows for several reasons. Reiss and Wiltz (2004) discovered that an element of reality programmes appeal is that they ‘help viewers to feel important because seeing ordinary people on the programme allows them to “fantasize that they could gain celebrity status by being on television.’ (Hall, 2009).
As viewership increased, producers have also improved on contents and come up with better packages that attracts more audiences to stay glued to their TV screens, thereby, also attracting more sponsorship from organizations.
In Nigeria, reality television programme has in recent time significantly proved to be a favorite among the youth – particularly those who fall within the range of ages 18-25. Advertisers and indigenous sponsors are convinced that endorsement of these reality shows is good business because of the massive viewership that these programmes realize.
The first reality programme in the world emerged nearly the same time as television broadcasting in the 1940s (Balkin, 2004). In Nigeria, the debut of reality television according to This Day newspaper (2004) was launched in 2004 when the Guilder Ultimate Search aired its first episode. Reality television has been an additive to viewers such that it is almost impossible to believe because these programmes are perceived to be just another entertaining television shows.
There are different genres of reality television that include romance, talent, quiz and games. (Bailey et al., 2003). Hall (2006) provides a comprehensive list of reality television categories which include: “competition focused programme, game programme, makeover/lifestyle programs, talent programme, court programs, reality sitcoms, home improvement programme, and hidden camera-based shows” (p. 204). Regardless of the kind to reality show, there exist an eventual bond among the audiences, between the participants and the audiences and a relationship between participants that is formed overtime out of a prolonged stay in a given, controlled environment. The Big Brother Naija (BBN) is a Nigerian television programme that features Nigerians as participants of the programme. BBN is a reality television show that sprung out of a broader reality television programme – Big Brother Africa (BBA). Daniel (2016) describes the ideology of Big Brother as a concept that originated from George Orwell’s novel “Nineteen Eighty-Four”. The book is about a fictitious Big Brother who had surveillance cameras scattered all over the county to garner hidden facts and truths about residents of the vicinity.
In 2017 a Nigerian, Kevin Chuwang Pam won the BBA (Arah. 2017) with a $200,000 cash prize and this occurrence contributed in the resuscitation of BBN. BBN is a reality television programme that is viewed mostly by the youths in the society because the participants of the show fall within the age bracket of the audiences. The programme originally debut in 2006 but did not organize subsequent editions until 2017. Each year, hundreds of young people dream about being a participant in the house because of the fame and attractive prizes that winners get to go home with. Once in the house audiences including university students spend weeks following the television broadcasts of the occurrences and progress of the ‘house’ events that include games, tasks, conflicts, parties, discussion sessions, romance and eviction series.
Big Brother Naija has been said to impact negatively on the viewing audience because of certain inappropriate scenes that are permitted and encouraged in the house. This is particularly worrisome because the demographics of the audience that are attached to this programmes are the younger ones. Parents, teachers, guardians and right-thinking members of the public question the morality of the programme especially with regards to the explicit and uncensored scenes that portray sex, nudity, violence, alcoholism, and cheating.
The aim of this study therefore was to determine the attitude of Nigerian Student towards reality TV show Big Brother Naija of undergraduate students of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State.
1.2 Problem Statement
Reality television programmes are increasingly gaining viewership and followership which is growing tremendously. Reality television programmes have gradually become the toast of television stations and advertisers. The relatively cheap production costs and high viewership figures ensure a steady stream of new and repeated formats of reality programmes on television screens in different homes today.
Generally, reality programme are perceived as unscripted programmes that are focused on footage of real events/situations that are about to naturally unfold. Though reality programme like Big Brother Naija (BBN) are not dependent on writers and actors for delivery they are run by producers and editors. Because participants of Big Brother Naija( BBN) are not guarded by scripts and their actions are as spontaneous as they are unedited, audiences feel a close connection to the participants and share in their moods, reactions and feelings yet the television channel gets to decide what footages would be aired and how these footages are chosen. So, even if everything is real, the television channel broadcasts it selectively.
Big Brother Naija (BBN) despite its popularity and success has received a bunch of criticisms on claims that the live programme promotes immorality, has little or no moral value, celebrates idleness, is a waste of time, has strong adult themes that are offensive to viewers. Nigerian Nobel laureate, Wole Soyinka, cited in Lengnan (2013), asserts that Big Brother Niaja (BBN) is not a part of the Nigerian culture. Some people may also be seeing reality programmes on television as another way of exploiting the minds of the young audiences of the programmes without morally impacting their lives. Right- thinking individuals like Soyinka insist that the show propagates an ideology that gives the youths the impression that idling away on national television for a given period of time could earn them fortune and fame that could set them up for life.
This study therefore seeks to analyse the attitude of Nigerian Student towards reality TV show Big Brother Naija of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State undergraduate on particular attention to the contents of the programme and how their attitude formation is influenced by the images of the programme.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
- To ascertain whether NTA college, Jos, Plateau State students watch the Big Brother Naija reality
- To find out NTA college, Jos, Plateau State students’ altitude towards reality programme show – Big Brother Naija.
- To ascertain the perception of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State students of Big Brother reality television programme.
-
To determine how their exposure to the reality programme could affect their dispositions.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The following are the significance of this study:
1. The findings from this study will educate undergraduate on how reality shows like Big Brother Naija can increases the level of promiscuity as a students and know how to avoid it.
2. This research will be a contribution to the body of literature in the area of the effect of personality trait on student’s academic performance, thereby constituting the empirical literature for future research in the subject area.
1.5 Research Questions
The researchers asked the following questions:
- What is the level of viewership of BBNaija reality TV shows among undergraduate students of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State?
- What gratification do the students derive from viewing BBNaija reality TV shows?
- What is the influence of the viewership of Big Brother Naija reality TV shows on the social life of the students?
- What are students’ Attitude towards viewing BBNaija reality TV shows?
1.6 Scope/Delimitation of the Study
The scope of this study is centered on the attitude of Nigerian Student towards reality TV show Big Brother Naija, and it also discuss the impact of the show on the social and moral life of undergraduates of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State.
1.7 Assumptions
This research work is meant to examine the altitude of Nigerian students towards reality TV shows big brother naija of undergraduate student of NTA college, Jos, Plateau State. To check increased exposure to reality television shows big brother naija increases the level of promiscuity students experiences in his/her life.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
The research work is limited to mass media in cultural promotion. The main constraint of the research is divided into the following parts.
a) Time constraints-due to the short time given for the study, the researcher could not get all the required information needed for the study.
b) Finance-as a result of money constraint the researcher had not enough money to carry out the study beyond the level. The researcher could not visit places where necessary information relevant to the study could be obtained.
c) Attitude of respondents–some of the respondents were unwilling to cooperate with the researcher because they felt, they have nothing to benefit from the study both financially and otherwise. Besides they were afraid of losing their jobs, if all information needed are released to the researcher
1.9 Definition of Operational terms
Reality TV Show: is a genre of television programming that documents purportedly unscripted real-life situations, often starring unknown individuals rather than professional actors. Reality television came to prominence in the late 1990s and the early 2000s with the global successes of the series Survivor, Idols, and Big Brother, all of which became global franchises.
TV: Television (TV), sometimes shortened to tele or telly, is a telecommunication medium used for transmitting moving images in monochrome (black and white), or in color, and in two or three dimensions and sound. The term can refer to a television set, a television program (“TV show”), or the medium of television transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, entertainment and news.
Big Brother Naija: Big Brother Naija, formerly known as Big Brother Nigeria, is a Nigerian reality competition television series, based on the Big Brother television franchise, in which 12 to 14 contestants live in an isolated house and compete for a large cash prize worth $58,252.43 equivalent to 21,000,000 Nigerian Naira at the end of the show by avoiding being evicted from the house by viewers.
Promiscuity: Promiscuity tends to be frowned upon by many societies, expecting most members to have committed, long-term relationships with single partners.
Most societies have historically been more critical of women’s promiscuity than of heterosexual men’s. Among women, as well as men, inclination for sex outside committed relationships is correlated with a high libido, but social and cultural factors have also been observed to influence sexual behavior and opinion.
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