Charger recharges the inverter batteries. It also allows any surplus AC power to pass through and power downstream AC loads, such as a television set. When AC power is disconnected, the unit inverts DC battery power into AC electricity. Charging unit of an inverter charges the inverter battery automatically when battery voltage is below the specified voltage. The charging unit automatically shut off the charging process when battery attains full charge.  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRCT
TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION
• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1      REVIEW OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.2      HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.3      REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.4      COMPONENT PARTS

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1      BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

3.2      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3      CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.4      HOW TO SET THE BATTERY CUT OFF THRESHOLD
3.5      HOW TO SEP UP THE CHARGER

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.2      CASING AND PACKAGING
4.3      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.4      TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.5     BATTERY CHARGER CASING

CHAPTER FIVE

• SUMAMRY
• CONCLUSIONS

5.3     REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE
1.0                                                      INTRODUCTION
An inverter converts DC power, to standard AC power (alternating current). Inverters are used to operate electrical equipment from the power produced by a car or boat battery or renewable energy sources, like solar panels or wind turbines. DC power is what batteries store, while AC power is what most electrical appliances need to run so an inverter is necessary to convert the power into a usable form. For example, when a cell phone is plugged into a car cigarette lighter to recharge, it supplies DC power; this must be converted to the required AC power by a power inverter to charge the phone.
There are different blocks in an inverter that makes up an inverter which include pulse controller, driver stage, output circuit, feedback circuit, and battery, and charging unit of an inverter. However, this work is focusing on the charging unit of an inverter. Charging unit of an inverter charges the inverter battery automatically when battery voltage is below the specified voltage
The main component in the charging system is the inverter itself.  The inverter is a generator  that  produces Alternating Current (AC), similar to the electrical current in your home.  This current is immediately converted to Direct Current (DC) inside the inverter. A voltage regulator regulates the charging voltage that the inverter produces, keeping it within 13.5volts to protect the electrical components throughout the device.
This charging system has automatic shutdown features. A ic 555 here functions as the low voltage detector. A potentiometer is set such that the output of ic 555  remains at logic low as long as the battery voltage is above the low voltage threshold, this may be 11.5V. 11V or 10.5 as preferred by the user, ideally it shouldn't be less than 11V. Once this is set, if the battery voltage tends to go below the low voltage mark, the output of the IC instantly becomes high, activating the shut down feature of  IC1, inhibiting any further loss of battery voltage.

1.2                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main objective of this work is to design and construct a battery charging device. This charging unit stage may be called upon to supply charge to the battery of 3kva inverter.

1.3                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Charging unit of an inverter charges the inverter battery automatically when battery voltage is below the specified voltage. The charging unit automatically shut off the charging process when battery attains full charge. This prevents the deep charge of the battery. If the battery voltage is below the 12V, then circuit automatically charges the battery. The main supply voltage 230V, 50Hz is connected to the primary winding of the center tapped transformer to step down the voltage to 15-0-15V.
The output of the transformer is connected to the Diodes D1, D2. Here diodes D1, D2 are used to convert low AC voltage to pulsating DC voltage. This process is also called as rectification. The pulsating DC voltage is applied to the 470uF capacitor to remove the AC ripples.

1.4                                         APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
Apart for using this device in inverter, this device is used in other high power applications such as:

• Uninterruptible power supplies
• Solar inverters
• High frequency welders
• Inductive heating cookers

1.5                                              PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The purpose of the charging unit of the inverter is to maintain the charge in the inverter battery, and so to provide the main source of electrical energy.
If the charging system stopped working, the battery's charge would soon be depleted, leaving the inverter with a "dead battery."   If the battery is weak and the inverter is working, the inverter may not have enough electrical current to supply to the load.

1.6                                 LIMITATION/PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

•  The source of power to the system depends on the inverter output.
• The device has the ability to stop or start charging whenever the battery goes below specific level and vice-versa.
• The system can only be used to charge the device it was designed for.

 

1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a charging unit of an inverter. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a charging unit of an inverter were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a charging unit of an inverter . In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

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