DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION A SOLAR POWERED/ PC CONTROLLED LIGHTING SYSTEM
This project is on design and construction a solar powered/ pc controlled lighting system. As the name implies, this involves using solar energy to power electrical lighting and at the same time using pc to control the light. Any electrical lighting that is fixed in any environment or house is for the illumination of such environment or is an electrical device used to create artificial light by use of an electric lamp. The lights in your house illuminate a room so that you can see better, but they can also provide security. By controlling your lights with a computer you can enhance the security options you have available as well as cut wasteful spending by automatically turning on and off lights at predetermined times, even when you are away from home. This system is powered by photovoltaic panels generally mounted on the lighting structure. The photovoltaic panels charge a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night while the pc controls the ON/OFF.
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGOUND OF THE PROJECT
The lights in your house illuminate a room so that you can see better, but they can also provide security. By controlling your lights with a computer you can enhance the security options you have available as well as cut wasteful spending by automatically turning on and off lights at predetermined times, even when you are away from home.
This system is powered by photovoltaic panels generally mounted on the lighting structure. The photovoltaic panels charge a rechargeable battery, which powers a fluorescent or LED lamp during the night while the pc controls the ON/OFF.
Most solar panels turn on and turn off automatically by sensing outdoor light using a light source. Solar streetlights are designed to work throughout the night. Many can stay lit for more than one night if the sun is not available for a couple of days. Older models included lamps that were not fluorescent or LED. Solar lights installed in windy regions are generally equipped with flat panels to better cope with the winds.
Latest designs use wireless technology and fuzzy control theory for battery management. The street lights using this technology can operate as a network with each light having the capability of performing on or off the network.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this project is design and constructs a lighting system that is powered with solar energy, and controlled by computer. That is, using a solar panel to recharge a d.c battery which powers the lamp in the night and using a computer to control the time to ON/OFF.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- Solar lights are independent of the utility grid. Hence, the operation costs are minimized.
- Solar lights require much less maintenance compared to conventional street lights.
- Since external wires are eliminated, risk of accidents is minimized.
- This is a non polluting source of electricity
- Separate parts of solar system can be easily carried to the remote areas
1.5 PROBLEMS OF THE PROJECT
- Initial investment is higher compared to conventional street lights.
- Risk of theft is higher as equipment costs are comparatively higher.
- Snow or dust, combined with moisture can accumulate on horizontal PV-panels and reduce or even stop energy production.
- Rechargeable batteries will need to be replaced several times over the lifetime of the fixtures adding to the total lifetime cost of the light.
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