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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AN AUTOMATIC SWITCH-OFF BATTERY CHARGER
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on Electrical and Electronics Engineering has been approved.
By
Dr. --- Dr. ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
Dr. ---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” visible for everyone, then the complete material on “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
This project is titled design and construction of an auto turn off battery charger. Automatic battery charger presented here is an acid battery charger that is designed to charge cell phone.
An Auto turn off battery charger proceeds to charge battery automatically. When the battery is charged it will shut off
The objective of this project is to design and construct an electronic device that will supply electrical energy (charges) to a cell phone battery, in a process to restore the battery's used up energy.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BATTERY CHARGER
- REVIEW OF BATTERY CHARGER
- REVIEW OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
- REVIEW OF CELL PHONE BATTERY
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF CELL PHONE BATTERY CHARGER
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.5 DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
- TESTING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- OBSERVATIONS
- DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED ON THE SYSTEM
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- CONCLUSION/SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRUDUCTION
An auto turn off charger is an electrical device employed in charging cell phone batteries known as “lithium-ion battery”. This charger automatically shut off the charging process when battery attains full charge. This prevents the deep charge of the battery. If the battery voltage is below the set value, then circuit automatically charges the battery [1].
An Auto turn off battery charger is a good option for people who don’t like having to mess with the battery charging process too much. Simply hook our battery up to an Auto turn off battery charger and we will find that it proceeds to charge our cell phone battery automatically. When the battery is charged it will shut off. Hooking a battery up to an Auto turn off battery charger is really easy too. Simply hook the alligator clips up to the battery posts and leave the Auto turn off battery charger plugged in. A battery will never get overcharged with an Auto turn off battery charger. Many people choose an Auto turn off battery charger over a manual battery charger can fry our batteries by not shutting off when the battery is charger up. This can cause a lot of headaches and prevent us from getting the life expectancy out of the batteries we purchase [1].
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
A manual battery charger can fry or damage our batteries by not shutting off when the battery is charged up. This charger brought solution to this problem. This battery charger will never get overcharged with an auto turn off battery charger.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is constructing a charger that will automatically shut off the charger when battery attains full charge. This prevents the deep charge of the battery. If the battery voltage is below the set value, then circuit automatically on the device.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
i. using this charger protects our batteries from being overcharged. This charger provides the full life expectancy out of the batteries we purchase [2].
ii. Easy to use.
iii. Simple circuit.
iv. Components are easily available and low cost.
v. User friendly product.
1.5 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
This device is used in the following devices for the purpose of recharging device batteries [2][3]:
- It is used in inverter
- It is used in cellphone
- It is used in Solar energy system
- It is used in vehicles
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
Subjecting a discharged cell to a current in the direction which tends to discharge it further to the point the positive and negative terminals switch polarity causes a condition called cell reversal. Generally, pushing current through a discharged cell in this way causes undesirable and irreversible chemical reactions to occur, resulting in permanent damage to the cell. Cell reversal can occur under a number of circumstances, the two most common being [4][5][6]:
- When a battery or cell is connected to a charging circuit the wrong way around.
- When a battery made of several cells connected in series is deeply discharged.
In the latter case, the problem occurs due to the different cells in a battery having slightly different capacities. When one cell reaches discharge level ahead of the rest, the remaining cells will force the current through the discharged cell.
Many battery-operated devices have a low-voltage cutoff that prevents deep discharges from occurring that might cause cell reversal.
Cell reversal can occur to a weakly charged cell even before it is fully discharged. If the battery drain current is high enough, the cell's internal resistance can create a resistive voltage drop that is greater than the cell's forward emf. This results in the reversal of the cell's polarity while the current is flowing. The higher the required discharge rate of a battery, the better matched the cells should be, both in the type of cell and state of charge, in order to reduce the chances of cell reversal.
In some situations, such as when correcting Ni-Cad batteries that have been previously overcharged, it may be desirable to fully discharge a battery. To avoid damage from the cell reversal effect, it is necessary to access each cell separately: each cell is individually discharged by connecting a load clip across the terminals of each cell, thereby avoiding cell reversal [4].
This device is used to charge 1.2V*3, 600mAH Ni-Cd rechargeable batteries that require 60 mA of current for 15 hours to charge fully
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to automatic turn-off battery charger. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of an automatic turn-off battery charger were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of an automatic turn-off battery charger. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER ONE: The complete chapter one of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is available. Order full work to download. Chapter one of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger”consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on“design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” was reviewed.
CHAPTER TWO: The complete chapter two of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of “design and construction an automatic switch-off battery charger” consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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