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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A BENCH TOP VARIABLE POWER SUPPLY WITH DISPLAY 0-30V WITH POWER RATING (1-3A)
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This project work is on design of a variable power supply. This work makes it possible for someone that wants to run different appliances with one power supply without buying new power supply. A variable power supply is an electronic device that supplies different level of electric energy to an electrical load. The primary function of a variable power supply is to supply different electrical energy to loads that fall at the same rating limit (1-3amp). In this work, the heart of the project is an arduino, and an LCD is used to display the value of voltage selected at any time .
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- METHODOLOGY
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- REVIEW OF VARIABLE POWER SUPPLY
- REVIEW OF GENERAL APPLICATION OF POWER SUPPLY APPLICATIONS
- REVIEW OF OTHER TYPES OF POWER SUPPLY
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
- BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
- CIRCUITS DIAGRAM
- MATERIALS REQUIRED
- WORKING PRINCIPLE
- DESIGN PRECAUTION
- PROGRAM CODE
- SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- PACKAGING
- MOUNTING PROCEDURE
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
- COST ANALYSIS
- OBSERVATIONS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
A power supply is an electronic device that supplies electric energy to an electrical load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert one form of electrical energy to another and, as a result, power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power supplies are discrete, stand-alone devices, whereas others are built into larger devices along with their loads.
Every power supply must obtain the energy it supplies to its load, as well as any energy it consumes while performing that task, from an energy source. Depending on its design, a power supply may obtain energy from various types of energy sources, including electrical energy transmission systems, energy storage devices such as a batteries and fuel cells, electromechanical systems such as generators and alternators, solar power converters, or another power supply.
All power supplies have a power input, which receives energy from the energy source, and a power output that delivers energy to the load. In most power supplies the power input and output consist of electrical connectors or hardwired circuit connections, though some power supplies employ wireless energy transfer in lieu of galvanic connections for the power input or output. Some power supplies have other types of inputs and outputs as well, for functions such as external monitoring and control.
To obtain a complete circuit for this work, the circuit is mainly composed of the:
- Input transformer: The input transformer is used to transform the incoming line voltage down to the required level for the power supply. Typically the input transformer provides a step down function. It also isolates the output circuit from the line supply.
- Rectifier: The power supply rectifier converts the incoming signal from an AC format into raw DC. Either half wave or more commonly full wave rectifiers may be used as they make use of both halves of the incoming AC signal.
- Smoothing: The raw DC from the rectifier is far from constant falling to zero when the AC waveform crossed the zero axis, and then rising to its peak. The addition of a reservoir capacitor here fills in the troughs in the waveform, enabling the next stage of the power supply to operate. Large value capacitors are normally used within this stage.
- Voltage adjuster: This stage of the power supply takes the smoothed voltage and uses a variable ic to provide a variable output virtually regardless of the output current and any minor fluctuations in the input level.
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The aim of any power supply is to provide the required power to the load using an AC supply at the input. But for variable power supply is to design a power supply with one output terminal with variable output voltage, and the output is gotten by turning the voltage adjuster known as the potentiometer. In this work, voltage level is controlled with help of a Potentiometer and voltage value is displayed on Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which will be driven by an Arduino Nano.
1.3 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is limited at producing 0 – 30 v output using a 24 volts center tap transformer and the current rating is between 1-3 ampere.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This work makes it possible for someone to use one power supply to run different devices of higher or lower voltage rating without considering buying a new or different power supply.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
A variable power supply is a regulator that electricians and electrical project hobbyists use to test the capacity of voltage for any project they may have completed. The power supply is used as a gauge to make sure the piece of work the person has completed is able to withstand certain amounts of voltage and current load. Tests are generally conducted by applying different amounts of voltage to the piece of completed work a little at a time to ensure the stability of the circuit the individual has created. These types of power supplies also are used by hobbyists to power small electronics requiring variable voltage and by tattoo artists to power tattooing guns.
By using such a variable supply of power, the individual is able to spot any temperaments or inconsistencies in the circuit he’s created in a manner that allows for adjustment to be made without having to scrap the entire project. A variable power supply is a useful tool for anyone who has a background with electrical circuitry and components. It also has many uses other than just testing.
In addition to being used to test circuits, this type of power supply may be used by miniature hobbyists as well. For example, such tools are commonly used by those who work with miniature electronic train sets. The power supply can be adjusted to either speed up or slow down the train as it is pushed around the track by the power of the completed circuit.
Another common use for this type of power supply is in the tattoo industry. Variable power supplies are used every day by tattoo artists to adjust the intensity and speed of the motor on their tattoo guns in order to create the desired effect with the particular tattoo needles they are working. For instance, when a tattoo artist is outlining a new piece, the speed of the gun is increased through the power supply so the needle moves faster, creating a more consistent outline. When the artist is shading an area of the skin, the power supply is used to slow down the needle in order to create consistent color coverage within the tattoo.
A variable power supply works by restricting or increasing the voltage delivered to the circuit from the original power source. For instance, when the electronic train hobbyist starts his train on the track, he doesn’t simply flip a switch and turn the train on full blast; rather, he delivers the voltage to the circuit in small increments through the regulated variable power supply until the desired speed of the train is reached. Most common variable power supplies have voltage ranges of 1 to 3 volts up to 20 or 30, and large-scale variable power supplies can range from 6,000 to 20,000 volts, but these types of power supplies are typically only used in industrial settings.
1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.
1.6 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
Variable power supply is an electronic circuit that is designed to provide a variable voltages dc voltage of predetermined value across load terminals irrespective of ac mains fluctuations or load variations.
The power supply output is given as input to the voltage varying (lm 338) device that provides the final output. The voltage output of the power supply remains constant irrespective of large variations in the input AC voltage or output load current.
All power supplies have a power input, which receives energy from the energy source, and a power output that delivers energy to the load. In most power supplies the power input and output consist of electrical connectors or hardwired circuit connections, though some power supplies employ wireless energy transfer in lieu of galvanic connections for the power input or output. Some power supplies have other types of inputs and outputs as well, for functions such as external monitoring and control.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
This project is designed to be used in electronics gadget where the need for diverse of dc supply for different electronics appliance. And should be used and maintain by a qualified personnel.
Working on this topic as my project is a good idea and it comes at the right time. I am suggesting that this particular topic should also be given to other students both in higher and lower class.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of " design and construction of a bench top variable power supply with display 0-30v with power rating (1-3a)" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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