The purpose of this text is to present at a primary and intermediate level a comprehensive over view of the construction principle and indeed the operation of a Digital Incubator.  We want to present a situation where by as the temperature in going up let the resistance be decreasing and as the temperature decreases let the resistance be going up. Digital thermal incubator is therefore device designed to keep chicken and babies at a required temperature when they are delivered prematurely especially as it applies to babies.  It is used to keep them worm. It is commendable to note here that with the help of this digital work on construction and operation of digital incubator, students of electronic engineering now have a text to lay hands on.

 

 

CHAPTER ONE
1.1                                       INTRODUCTION
Incubator has variety of applications but it has only one meaning, incubator is an apparatus consist of a box designed to maintain a constant temperature by the use of a thermoctal or thermictor; used for chicks or premature infants.  Synoaym: brooder: it is an apparatus consisting of a box designed to maintain a constant temperature by the use of a thermostat; used for chicks or premature infants.
In the business world, an incubator is an enterprise that is set up to provide office space, equipment, and sometimes mentioning assistance and capital to new businesses that are just getting stated.  (the tem is familiar in poetry farming, where an incubator is a specially – equipped home for baby chickens)>  business incubators are set up by universities, non-profit groups, and increasingly by venture capitalists, especially for new web businesses.
On the web, the space of growth and competition, especially of retail and business to – business (B2B) Web sites, is fostering software packages for the creation of “out-of-the box” Web sites.  For more ambitious Web sites and technology product development, venture capitalists are discovering that the incubation idea provides an organized way to finance and monitor the progress of its fledging “chicks”.

• An apparatus in which environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, can be controlled, often used for growing bacterial cultures, hatching eggs artificially, or providing sinkable conditions for a chemical or biological reaction.
• Medicine: An apparatus for maintaining an infant, especially a premature infant, in an environment of controlled temperature, humidity, and oxygen concentration.
• A place or situation that permits or encourages the formation and development, as of new ideas: a college of that was an incubator of new approaches to sociology.

The small-scale apparatus for hailing eggs inspired the invention of incubators for peremptory born human infants, whose lives are often saved in an environment of controlled heat, humidity and ventilation.  Another type of incubator has been developed for the culture of micro-organisms.
Incubator is a specialized crib used in carrying for infants, in which the temperature and oxygen content of the air can be controlled.  Offer, babies who are born prematurely will be placed in an incubator until they have become strong enough to be housed in a regular crib.

• An apparatus in which environmental conditions, such on temperature and humidity, can be controlled, often used for growing bacterial cultures, hatching eggs artificially, or providing suitable conditions for a chemical or biological reaction.
• An apparatus for maintaining an infant, especially a premature infant, in an environment of controlled temperature, humanity, and oxygen concentration.

1.2                          OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of digital incubator is to design a device that will keep chicken and babies at a required temperature when they are delivered prematurely especially as it applies to babies.  It is used to keep them worm.

1.3                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Digital thermal incubator circuits typically uses a temperature sensor (also known as a thermistor) to sense the water temperature and the steam when the water is boiled, and then cut off the electric power if the water temperature reaches the action temperature point or if sufficient amount of steam is detected. The temperature sensors, NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) resistors (thermistor), which is capable of sensing the water temperature through a very wide range of points.

1.4                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Outside the culinary world, Digital thermal incubators are used for a number of purposes.

• A furnace can be used either to provide heat to a building or used to melt substances such as glass or metal for further processing. A blast furnace is a particular type of furnace generally associated with metal smelting (particularly steel manufacture) using refined coke or similar hot-burning substance as a fuel, with air pumped in under pressure to increase the temperature of the fire.
• A kiln is a high-temperature control digital thermal incubator used in manufacturing to convert mineral feedstock (in the form of clay or calcium or aluminum rocks) into a glassier, more solid form. In the case of ceramic kilns, a shaped clay object is the final result, while cement kilns produce a substance called clinker that is crushed to make the final cement product.
• An autoclave is an kettle-like device with features similar to a pressure cooker that allows the heating of aqueous solutions to higher temperatures than water's boiling point in order to sterilize the contents of the autoclave.
• Industrial digital thermal incubators are similar to their culinary equivalents and are used for a number of different applications that do not require the high temperatures of a kiln or furnace.

1.5                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Digital thermal incubator circuit include a heating element for heating the incubator room, a sensor for sensing the temperature of the room, and a control unit being configured to collect data during the operation of the circuits. The control unit is also configured to execute a predetermined program and calculate a cut-off temperature based on the data and a predetermined target temperature. The control unit is further configured to turn off the electric power provided to the heating element when the temperature of the room sensed by the sensor is equal to or greater than the calculated cut-off temperature.

1.7                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

Digital thermal incubator circuit is designed to hatch and it uses thermistor as the sensor but when the sensor is directly exposed to liquid (water) can damaged the sensor thereby causing the sensor to malfunctioning.
1.8                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

 

 

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