DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A DUAL AXIS SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM USING TWO LINEAR ACTUATOR
USER'S INSTRUCTIONS: The project work you are about to view is on "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" . Please, sit back and study the below research material carefully. This project topic "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" have complete 5(five) Chapters. The complete Project Material/writeup include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.Our aim of providing this "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" project research material is to reduce the stress of moving from one school library to another all in the name of searching for "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" research materials. We are not encouraging any form of plagiarism. This service is legal because, all institutions permit their students to read previous projects, books, articles or papers while developing their own works.
TITLE PAGE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" visible for everyone, then the complete material on "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
Due to the rotation of the earth in an orbit, direction of the Sun changes relatively. This work covers a setup, which isfabricated to minimize the angle of incidence between incoming light from Sun and a flat photovoltaic (PV) panel to increase theintensity of the light received. It increases the power generated by an installed power generating unit. This setup consists of amechanical mechanism to tilt the flat PV panel towards the Sun. This mechanism is derived by DC motors having a highreduction ratio. Voltage supplies to these motors are controlled by the LDR (Light Dependent Registers) sensors by the means ofelectronic circuits. The energy consumed by the tracking system is very less. The cost of the mechanical parts and electroniccomponents are very less. The Microprocessor is not used in this setup. Hence it does not require programming and computerinterface. Not any geological data are required, because LDRs work on the differential of the light intensity at the both ends oftheplate.Themotiveoftheworkistofabricatea solartracker at a verylowcost.
Keywords:SolarTracker,LDR,Photovoltaic(PV)cell,DualAxis,SolarCollectors,Solarpowerplant
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- BBACKGROUD LITERATURE SURVEY OF THE STUDY
- OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
- THEORETICALFUNDAMENTALS
- COMPONENTS OF SOLAR TRACKINGSYSTEMS
- REVIEW OF THE PAST WORK ON SOLAR TRACKING SYSTEM
- SOLAR PANEL MOUNTING
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 MATERIALS USED
3.3 PRINCIPLEOFTHEWORK
3.4 CONSTRUCTIONALDETAILOFTHESETUP
CHAPTER FOUR
TEST AND RESULT ANALYSIS
- CALIBRATIONOFTHESETUP
- TESTING/WORKINGOFTHESETUP
- RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Energy is required for the different applications in our daily life. There are so many resources ofpower generation. 85% ofpower is produced from fossil fuels (Anuraj& Gandhi, 2014). Due to the depletion of the fossil fuel, renewable energy resourcesare required. Wind energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy and solar energy resources are some of the most efficient renewableenergy resources. Solar energy can be converted in to two forms of energy, i.e. thermal energy and electrical energy. These can beachieved by using some instruments. Solar energy can be converted into electrical energy by using PV (photovoltaic) cells. Raysfrom the Sun light falls on the PV panel, which generates DC power. This DC power has a direct correlation with the intensity ofthe light incident on panel.Andtheintensity depends on the angle of incidence between incoming light andaflat photovoltaic(PV)panel.
A tracking system can keep the angle of incidence equal to 0. Sun tracking systems can increase the power output of solar powerplantsby25%to40%,dependingonthegeographiclocation.Asingleaxistrackercanincreasepoweroutputby26%,whileadual axis tracker increases power by 32%(Deb& Roy, 2012). Single axis trackers follow theSun from east towest,while dualaxis trackers track the Sun by altitude (up/down), since the Sun moves across the sky throughout the day. Mousazadeh et al. (2009)calculatedthattheamount of power gainedbytrackingcancomecloseto anideal57%(Mousazadehetal.,2009).
Tracking systems compose of mechanical mechanism and electronic sensors. Mechanical mechanism rotates the flat panel andthisrotationiscontrolledbyelectronicsensors.
The controlling process can be classified into two processes, namely passive control unit (Arsalan,2013)andelectro-opticalcontrolunit.Thepassivecontrolunitisasystemconductedwithoutanyelectronicdevice.The electro optical control unit uses solar detecting deviceswhicharesensitive to solarradiancephotosensors(LDR). Third controllingprocessisusedinthiswork.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Oneofthemajorproblemsfacingsolarenergysystems is the efficiency as the sun moves on the celestial sphere, and this makes it difficult to achieve higher power output from the solar panel. In other to solve this problem, a solar tracker was built. Solar tracker is a device that tracks the position of the sunand set the solar energy conversion system focusing normal to the sun beams.Asingleaxistracker was first built whichwas only able toincreasepoweroutputby26% due to the fact that it Single axis trackers follow theSun from east towest (Deb& Roy, 2012).Thispaperpresentsadesign focused on harnessingthe maximum available solar radiation using dual-axis trackingmechanism.Thetrackingmechanism isdesigned tofocusthesolarconversionsystemperpendiculartotheraysofthesun(sunbeams) at all time of the day relative to the position ofthesun in the sky dome.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this study is to build anintelligentdual-axissolartrackingdeviceforsolarsystemusage. The objectives of the work are:
- To fabricate a solar tracking device with dual actuator, which one of theactuators tracks the east to westmotion of the sun while thesecond linear actuator tracks the seasonalmotion/daily altitudeof the sun
- To harness maximum solar energy
- To provide a stableelectric power supply using solar energy.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work covers building a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator .The driving mechanism for the motion aretwo direct current linear actuators of 12V each, which one of theactuators tracks the east to westmotion of the sun while thesecond linear actuator tracks the seasonalmotion/dailyaltitudeof the sun. The main task of the tracking mechanism is to focussolarenergyconversionsystemperpendiculartothesuntomaximize the absorbed solar radiation and minimize the energyconsumption for trackingsystem.Themovement of the sunonthe celestial sphere was the bases of the tracking mechanismsangles design.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
To the country, this study will serve as means of ensuring a steady power supply which will help the country (Nigeria) to be able to grow its economy, and attainitsMillenniumDevelopmentGoals(MDGs).
To the student, this study will help the student involvedbecoming familiar with solar energy generation and also help him to understand how he can increase the power of solar energy by electromechanical means.
1.6 METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:
- Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
- Draw a block diagram.
- Test for continuity of components and devices such as InputLightSensors(LDR),
- Design of the device was carried out (such as the control circuit and the tracking mechanism.
- Construction of the circuit was carried out. The construction of this project includes the placing of components on Vero boards, soldering and connection of other electronics components and mechanical devices,
- Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSIONSANDFUTURESCOPE
The use of this technique can capture large amount of solar energy. By using this setup, the use of the non-conventional energywill increase, which is very fruitful incident of our future power sector. It is the main contribution that once the simplicity of solarenergy system designisunderstood,engineers andmanufactureswillprovidenew system designs thatwillexpandthesolarmarket worldwide. Dust particles present in the atmosphere in a large quantity. They cover the panel. This becomes an interruptionin the direct contact between Sun light and PV cells. It may decrease the efficiency of the solar power plant. Hence an automaticsystemcanbe designed andfabricated forthecleaningofthepanel. Itmaybelikeawiperofthecar.
Nomenclature
LDR Light Dependent RegisterPV Photo Voltaic
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a dual axis solar tracking system using two linear actuator" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"
Do you want our Bank Accounts? please click HERE
To view other related topics click HERE
To "SUMMIT" new topic(s), develop a new topic OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE
Do you want us to research your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"
Do you have any question concerning our post/services? click HERE for answers to your questions
For more information contact us through any of the following means:
Mobile No 
:+2348146561114 or +2347015391124 [Mr. Innocent]
Email address 
:engr4project@gmail.com
Watsapp No 
:+2348146561114
COUNTRIES THAT FOUND OUR SERVICES USEFUL
Australia, Botswana, Canada, Europe, Ghana, Ireland, India, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Uganda, United States, United Kindom, Zambia, Zimbabwe, etc
Support: +234 8146561114 or +2347015391124
Watsapp No :+2348146561114
Email Address :engr4project@gmail.com
FOLLOW / VISIT US VIA:
