DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A FUSE TUBE LIGHT GLOWER WITHOUT ANY ELECTRIC CHOKE
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TITLE PAGE
BY
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--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
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Supervisor Head of Department.
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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
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This work is fuse tube light glower which used no electric choke. A tube light glower, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, which produces short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor coating on the inside of the lamp to glow. A fluorescent lamp used converts electrical energy into useful light much more efficiently than incandescent lamps. The luminous efficacy of a fluorescent light bulb can exceed 100 lumens per watt, several times the efficacy of an incandescent bulb with comparable light output.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCES OF THE PROJECT
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.6 THE PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.7 THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.8 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.9 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.10 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF FLOURESCENT LAMP
2.3 COMMERCIALIZATION OF FLUORESCENT LAMPS
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 PART LISTS
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.2 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.3 OBSERVATION
4.4 CASING AND ASSEMBLING OF THE SYSTEM
CHAPTER FIVE
- SUMMARY
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
In ancient time, much of the indoor work done by human depended up daylight
Of sun being available, which was created by God as the first thing. Today almost all building has electric lighting installed and all indoor and out of door work can be done at any time of the day or night. Good lightering provides safety, efficient work and comfortable surrounding lighting scheme are designed using different types of light fitting or luminous in modern term to control the distribution of light.
Due to the importance of lighting, the introduction a tube lamp came out, which shall be able to supply light energy at any particular time of the day or night as the need may be.
In the course of this work we are focusing on fuse tube light glower without any electric choke, which is a lamp that converts electrical energy into useful light much more efficiently than incandescent lamps. The luminous efficacy of a tube light bulb can exceed 100 lumens per watt, several times the efficacy of an incandescent bulb with comparable light output.
Light glower or lantern is a portable lighting device or mounted light fixture used to illuminate broad areas. Lanterns may also be used for signaling, as torches, or as general light sources outdoors. Low light level varieties are used for decoration. The term "lantern" is also used more generically to mean a light source, or the enclosure for a light source.
Tube light is not connected in the supply main directly. Although it operates at 230 V, 50 Hz, some auxiliary electrical components are used to insert in this installation to support the tube light operational principle. Such components are resistor, electric starter and full wave rectifier.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Fluorescence of certain rocks and other substances had been observed for hundreds of years before its nature was understood. By the middle of the 19th century, experimenters had observed a radiant glow emanating from partially evacuated glass vessels through which an electric current passed. One of the first to explain it was the Irish scientist Sir George Stokes from the University of Cambridge, who named the phenomenon "fluorescence" after fluorite, a mineral many of whose samples glow strongly due to impurities. The explanation relied on the nature of electricity and light phenomena as developed by the British scientists Michael Faraday in the 1840s and James Clerk Maxwell in the 1860s.
Little more was done with this phenomenon until 1856 when German glassblower Heinrich Geissler created a mercury vacuum pump that evacuated a glass tube to an extent not previously possible. Geissler invented the first gas-discharge lamp, the Geissler tube, consisting of a partially evacuated glass tube with a metal electrode at either end. When a high voltage was applied between the electrodes, the inside of the tube lit up with a glow discharge. By putting different chemicals inside, the tubes could be made to produce a variety of colors, and elaborate Geissler tubes were sold for entertainment. More important, however, was its contribution to scientific research. One of the first scientists to experiment with a Geissler tube was Julius Plücker who systematically described in 1858 the luminescent effects that occurred in a Geissler tube. He also made the important observation that the glow in the tube shifted position when in proximity to an electromagnetic field. Alexandre Edmond Becquerel observed in 1859 that certain substances gave off light when they were placed in a Geissler tube. He went on to apply thin coatings of luminescent materials to the surfaces of these tubes. Fluorescence occurred, but the tubes were very inefficient and had a short operating life.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
Tube light was known before by using electric choke for major parts of the components used. But in this work the objective is to build a fuse tube light glower that uses no electric choke.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECTFluorescent Lamps are a lamp type that is commonly used to provide illumination for settings such as commercial lighting, industrial lighting, classroom lighting, and retail lighting. The sizes, light colors, and wattage of tubes vary significantly. The importance of this work is for illumination. They highly choose because of its simplicity and safety, that is, it can be hanged, and continues with your adventures into the night.
Fuse tube light glower is common in lamps: both outdoor and indoor; fluorescent light is used as back light for LCD displays; decorative lighting and sings, and both in high bay and small area general lighting. Not used for lighting from afar due to the diffuse nature of the light.
1.4 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Fuse tube light is used in many places such as:
- In school library, hall and labs
- Churches
- Workshop
- Homes, etc
All are for the purpose of illuminating of such environment.
1.5 THE PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
Reasons for choosing to build fuse tube light glower and not any other project are:-
i. For knowledge sake
ii. To help the society by production and illumination of environment
iii. To be able to maintain repair and damaged tube lamps.
iv. To be able to design circuit diagram
1.6 THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The scope of the project is the ability to do or achieve the project. The scope also includes the step, which intended in executing the project. The circuit comprises a bridge rectifier and a starter where, starter is used to boost up the voltage and is connected to the fuse side of tube light as shown in figure. The mains voltage is direct rectified using bridge rectifier made for four general purpose diode
1.7 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- Energy efficient- so far the best light for interior lighting
- Low production cost (of tubes)
- Long life of tubes
- Good selection of desired color temperature (cool whites to warm whites)
- Diffused light (good for general, even lighting, reducing harsh shadows)
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This work is limited on designing and constructing fuse tube light glower.
- This device will stop working whenever there is power failure, that means, it is not rechargeable.
- The light focuses on where the tube is pointed rather than bathing the wider area in light.
- The flicker of the high frequency can be imitated to humans (eye strain, headaches and migraines)
- Diffused light (not good when you need a focused beam such as in a headlight or flashlight)
- There is a small amount of mercury in the tubes
- A Imitating licker at the end of the life cycle.
- The device is powered directly to ac mains, and can easily get burnt when high voltage is experienced in the mains if it is not properly regulated.
1.9 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of the study were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of"design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" detector consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of"design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke"detector consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a fuse tube light glower without any electric choke" detector consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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