DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GAS DETECTION SYSTEM
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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GAS DETECTION SYSTEM
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of a gas detection system" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This work is on a gas detection system. Gas detector is a device that detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system. This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak. A gas detector can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them the opportunity to leave. This type of device is important because there are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals. This device identifies potentially hazardous gas leaks by sensor.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
- INTRODUCTION
- AIM/ OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
2.3 DIFFERENT TYPE OF GAS DETECTOR
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.3 COMPONENT LIST
3.4 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.5 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.6 DEFINITION OF COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE
4.2 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.3 ASSEMBLING
4.5 OBSERVATION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCES
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCE
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
A gas detector is a device that detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system. This type of equipment is used to detect a gas leak or other emissions and can interface with a control system so a process can be automatically shut down. A gas detector can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them the opportunity to leave. This device is important because there are many gases that can be harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals.
Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion. This type of device is used widely in industry and can be found in locations, such as on oil rigs, to monitor manufacture processes and emerging technologies such as photovoltaic. They may be used in firefighting.
Gas leak detection is the process of identifying potentially hazardous gas leaks by sensors. These sensors usually employ an audible alarm to alert people when a dangerous gas has been detected. Exposure to toxic gases can also occur in operations such as painting, fumigation, fuel filling, construction, excavation of contaminated soils, landfill operations, entering confined spaces, etc. Common sensors include combustible gas sensors, photoionization detectors, infrared point sensors, ultrasonic sensors, electrochemical gas sensors, and semiconductor sensors. More recently, infrared imaging sensors have come into use. All of these sensors are used for a wide range of applications and can be found in industrial plants, refineries, pharmaceutical manufacturing, fumigation facilities, paper pulp mills, aircraft and ship-building facilities, hazmat operations, waste-water treatment facilities, vehicles, indoor air quality testing and homes. However, in this work an MQ-5 sensor module was used for the design.
1.1 AIM AND OBJECTIVE THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to design a security/alarm device that detects the presence of gases in an area, often as part of a safety system using MQ-5 sensor. Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion.
At the end of this work students involves:
- Will be able to design a portable gas sensor
- will learn how to interface MQ5 Gas sensor
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
One of its main purposes is to monitor an area. Gas detectors measure and indicate the concentration of certain gases in an air via different technologies. Typically employed to prevent toxic exposure and fire, gas detectors are often battery operated devices used for safety purposes. This device designed as portable or stationary (fixed) units and work by signifying high levels of gases through a series of audible and visible indicators, such as alarms and lights.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Gas detectors can be used to detect combustible, flammable and toxic gases, and oxygen depletion. This type of device is used widely in industry and can be found in locations, such as on oil rigs, to monitor manufacture processes and emerging technologies such as photovoltaic. They may be used in firefighting.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Gas leak detection is the process of identifying potentially hazardous gas leaks by MQ-5 sensor. This sensor usually employs an audible alarm to alert people when a dangerous gas has been detected. Gas Sensor (MQ-5) module is useful for gas leakage detection (in home and industry). It is suitable for detecting H2, LPG, CH4, CO, Alcohol. Due to its high sensitivity and fast response time, measurements can be taken as soon as possible. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjusted by using the potentiometer. All of this sensor is used for a wide range of applications and can be found in industrial plants, refineries, waste-water treatment facilities, vehicles, and homes.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Gas detector can be found useful to detect the presence of gases in areas such as:
- industrial plants,
- refineries,
- vehicles
- Homes (kitchen)
- Or In places where the use of gas or the presence of gas can be dangerous
1.6 PROJECT MOTIVATION
The storage or distribution of any gas involves the gas being contained in vessels or pipes under pressure. Any leak in these systems will therefore result in significant amounts of gas (probably invisible) escaping into the surrounding air. What happens to the gas then depends on the nature of the gas and the immediate environment, but can pose a threat to life in three ways:
- Combustible gas can gather and reach a density at which it can ignite and cause a fireball.
- Toxic gas can cause illness, paralysis or death if inhaled.
- Any gas in sufficient quantities will displace oxygen and therefore pose a serious risk to life.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- This device requires steady power supply for effect operation. That means that it will become inactive if the mains power supply fails or the battery goes low.
- The Sensor requires quarterly calibration and do not have a long life.
1.8 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this work. In this chapter, the background, significance, purpose, objective limitation of this work were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of this work. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
REFERENCES
- Goble, Steve (2003). "Rebreathers". South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal. 33 (2): 98–102.
- MartíNez-Hurtado, J. L.; Davidson, C. A. B.; Blyth, J.; Lowe, C. R. (2010). "Holographic Detection of Hydrocarbon Gases and Other Volatile Organic Compounds". Langmuir. 26 (19): 15694–9.
- Lattuati-Derieux, Agnès; Bonnassies-Termes, Sylvette; Lavédrine, Bertrand (2004). "Identification of volatile organic compounds emitted by a naturally aged book using solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A. 1026 (1–2): 9–18.
- Biasioli, Franco; Yeretzian, Chahan; Märk, Tilmann D.; Dewulf, Jeroen; Van Langenhove, Herman (2011). "Direct-injection mass spectrometry adds the time dimension to (B)VOC analysis". Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 30 (7): 1003–1017.
- Ellis, Andrew M.; Mayhew, Christopher A. (2014). Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry - Principles and Applications. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ISBN 978-1-405-17668-2.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a gas detection system" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a gas detection system" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of a gas detection system" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a gas detection system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a gas detection system" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a gas detection system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a gas detection system" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "design and construction of a gas detection system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a gas detection system" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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