DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A GREENHOUSE MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM USING IOT
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TITLE PAGE
BY
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--/H2013/01430
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APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work,"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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In traditional farming, farmer has to visit the farming land regularly to measure the various environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and soil moisture to cultivate the right crops at right time in right soil. Even though this traditional farming system have been used for years, the system is hectic and fail to prove high productivity rate as farmer usually unable to measure all the parameter accurately [1]. In contrast, greenhouse farming is a system where farmer cultivate crops in ecosystem environments where all environmental parameters are adjusted based on crops types. Automation in greenhouse is a method where farmer is able to monitor and control the greenhouse environment automatically from anywhere in the world any time [3]. The proposed is on automated greenhouse monitoring and controlling system that incorporate various sensors such as temperature and humidity sensor to collect possible environmental parameters of greenhouse as well as integrate Arduino Uno R3 (to store and process data), GSM module (to send the measured value of the various parameters to the user cell phone via SMS to ensure efficient growth of plants), solar power system with rechargeable battery (to make sure continuous power supply to the greenhouse system). Moreover, Internet of Things (IoT) is used to store data to a database and process the collected data and finally send the information to the android apps which has been developed for monitoring and controlling of greenhouse by the user.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- METHODOLOGY
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FOR GREENHOUSE
2.3 REVIEW OF LITERATURES
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
3.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
3.3 SYSTEM CIRCUIT
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION
3.6 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
3.7 PROGRAM CODE
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSIONS
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In this time and day, everything can be monitored and controlled automatically. Unfortunately, in an important sector like agriculture, the manual process is still very active, meaning the automatic monitoring and control of a greenhouse system hasn’t completely scaled through just yet, especially when it comes to small scale farming.
The reason whereby the automation of a greenhouse system hasn’t been put to a full-fledged use may be in view of several reasons, such as the absence of technical know-how, high cost and the requirement of high maintenance.
Agriculture has stood out amongst the most important occupations of individuals since the early advancement of humans and sadly, even to date, manual interventions in farming are inescapable. When it comes to a greenhouse monitor and control system, it is a very important part of agriculture as it can be used to grow plants under a controlled climatic condition for ideal plant produce [1], it is also to a great degree important in the sense that it shields plants from weather extremes by having a controlled climatic environment, it broadens the developing season and also empowers you to sow plants earlier and harvest plants later [2].
The monitoring and control of environmental temperature and soil moisture in a Greenhouse, is a new alternative to control some variables inside the greenhouse. The objective of the control is to maintain a certain value within a preset interval or value (set point) regardless of whether an external influence disrupts the process.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
In traditional farming, farmer has to visit the farming land regularly to measure the various environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and soil moisture to cultivate the right crops at right time in right soil. Even though this traditional farming system have been used for years, the system is hectic and fail to prove high productivity rate as farmer usually unable to measure all the parameter accurately [1]. Greenhouse monitoring and controlling system, it is a very important part of agriculture as it can be used to grow plants under a controlled climatic condition for ideal plant produce. Controlling greenhouse manually or traditionally takes much time and involves much labour. This project was carried out to automatically monitor a greenhouse which will involve the system being closely controlled and monitored in a set climatic condition which is needed for optimum farm/plant produce.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to create an effective greenhouse environment which will drastically reduce the cost of labour and also help small scale farmers cultivate crops all year round. The objectives are:
- To monitor greenhouse wirelessly
- To increase agriculture productivity
- To reduce human labour.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work is on building an automatic monitor and control system for a greenhouse. Greenhouse farming is a system where farmer cultivate crops in ecosystem environments where all environmental parameters are adjusted based on crops types. Automation in greenhouse is a method where farmer is able to monitor and control the greenhouse environment automatically from anywhere in the world any time [3]. In this paper, authors proposed an automated greenhouse monitoring and controlling system that incorporate various sensors such as temperature sensor and humidity sensor to collect possible environmental parameters of greenhouse as well as integrate Arduino Uno. It is accomplished by the data communications between Arduino, DHT11 Sensor Module, ESP8266 WIFI module and LCD. Celsius scale thermometer and percentage scale humidity meter displays the ambient temperature and humidity through a LCD display.
1.5 LIMITATION OF STUDY
As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-
- Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
- Network challenge: this device operates with gsm network. Whenever there is a network challenge this device becomes affected.
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.
1.7 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM TESTING AND RESULT
The physical realization of research was carried out to achieve the conceived idea. The Greenhouse monitoring and control system hardware components were tested.
Unit testing was carried out on the various components of the Greenhouse monitoring and control system. The goal of this testing is to validate that each unit of the Greenhouse monitoring and control system performs as designed.
- Unit Testing for Temperature and Humidity
The threshold values for both temperature and humidity parameters were changed and there was a drastic effect of the Greenhouse system. For example, when the threshold value for the temperature was set at 32 °C, the temperature reading by the sensor was 28.50°C and as such, the Greenhouse cooling system was turned off. When the threshold value was subsequently changed to 26°C, with this, the
Greenhouse cooling system environment of the greenhouse still at 28.50°C, the fan turned on which is an indication that the environment can no longer sustain the tomato crop. The crop required a very favorable temperature for it to grow.
- DISCUSSION
This research was successfully implemented and the goal was to determine how the internet of things can help small scale farmers plant crops all year round in a very conducive environment with very little resources. The research shows that the system when fully deployed can also assist in improving crop production and reducing the involvement of the farmer by self-regulating the necessary input that will promote good farm yield. For the achievement of the development of this system, sensors (temperature, humidity, light sensor, and gas sensor) were incorporated into the system in order to sense the changes that occur in the greenhouse environment. In respect of the sensors, when any of the set parameters goes above the safety threshold, the necessary actuator is then turned on or off. For this system, the Arduino board is the brain of the system where the code is loaded to and controls the actuators. The LCD displays the read values gotten from the sensor readings. A cooling system is present in the system for the purpose of bringing down the temperature of the environment and staying off when the temperature is in the desired range. The systems power source is a power bank. One of the limitations of the implemented Greenhouse monitoring and control system the inability to implement a water system. In future work, a water system will be integrated with the Greenhouse system. A small sprinkler will be integrated and the effect on the Greenhouse system will be noted.
- CONCLUSION
The greenhouse monitoring and control system was able to monitor the variation in the temperature, humidity light intensity and as well the gas level of the greenhouse. The various sensors were able to trigger an actuator based on the various changes in the environment. This research paper is to promote convenience and ease of plant growth for small scale farmers. The proposed system will enable small scale farmers to plant healthy crops all year round with little supervision.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot " is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of"design and construction of a greenhouse monitoring and control system using iot "consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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