DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A PROGRAMMABLE LOAD SHEDDING WITH TIME MANAGEMENT
USER'S INSTRUCTIONS: The project work you are about to view is on ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' . Please, sit back and study the below research material carefully. This project topic ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' have complete 5(five) Chapters. The complete Project Material/writeup include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.Our aim of providing this ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' project research material is to reduce the stress of moving from one school library to another all in the name of searching for ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' research materials. We are not encouraging any form of plagiarism. This service is legal because, all institutions permit their students to read previous projects, books, articles or papers while developing their own works.
TITLE PAGE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' visible for everyone, then the complete material on ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
In today’s world, there is a continuous need for automatic appliances with the increase in standard of living, there is a sense of urgency for developing circuits that would ease the complexity of life.
The project is designed to operate an electrical load multiple number of times as per the program. It overcomes the difficulties of switching the load ON/OFF manually. This proposed has an inbuilt real time clock (RTC) to keep tracking the time and thus to switch ON/OFF the load accordingly.
Load shedding is what electric utilities do when there is a huge demand for electricity that exceeds the supply. Thus in a distribution system it needs to be precisely controlled for specific period of time. Programmable load shedding time management system is a reliable circuit that takes over the manual task of switch ON/OFF the electrical devices with respect to time. It uses real time clock (RTC) interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051 family. While the set time equals to the real time, then microcontroller gives command to the corresponding relay to turn ON the load and then another command to switch OFF as per the program. Multiple ON/OFF time entry is the biggest advantage with this project. A matrix keypad helps to enter the time.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRCT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- DISADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 EFFECT OF EXCESS LOAD ON POWER GENERATING EQUIPMENT
2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
2.4 WHY THE ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CAPACITY IS LESS THAN DEMAND
2.5 LOAD SHEDDING PROCEDURES
2.6 TYPES OF LOAD SHEDDING
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 SOFTWARE IMPLIMENTATION
3.4 PROPOSED SYSTEM FEATURES
3.5 COMPONENTS LIST
3.6 BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION
3.7 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.8 POWER SUPPLY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 CONSRUCTION OF THE CASING
4.4 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.5 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
4.6 COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSIONS
5.2
RECOMMENDATION
5.3 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The demand for electrical energy is increasing. Today over 21% of the total electrical energy generated in Nigeria is lost in transmission (4-6% ) and distribution (15-18%).
The electrical power deficit is currently about 18% in the country. Clearly, reduction in distribution losses can reduce this deficit by significantly. Its possibility to bring down the distribution losses to a 6-8 % level in India with the help of newer technological option (including information technology) in the electrical power distribution sector which will enable better monitoring and control. The project “Electricity and load shedding monitoring” are designed such that distribution point or grids monitored and load shedding from one central location.
Load shedding in electrical supply networks is a controlled process in which the utility company drops off part of the load in order to balance the demand and the generated capacity. This is often done whenever there is excess load on the system. In standby generators, it involves disconnecting or shedding some circuits to prevent an overload condition. The main aim of this work is to build a microcontroller based device the on/off a power supply whenever there is excess load on the system.
Most common problems that we face is monitoring feeders, substation, Distribution Transformers and Distribution points from one central location.. In this project we will be making a prototype to monitor a distribution point from a central location and if any problem occurs information will be sent to the central unit. Moreover theft is also quite common at the distribution points as it is not possible for someone to monitor them24 hours. When load shedding occurs in an area the complete power to the concerned area is cut off, these include street lights, traffic signals and important utilities like hospitals, police stations & fire brigade even their power is turned OFF. In this project, this device can cut off the power to specific area by just sending an SMS to the concerned Distribution Point there by retaining power for the basic utilities.[1]
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to build a microcontroller based device the on/off a power supply whenever there is excess load on the system.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
This project is required for load shedding time management which is used when the electricity demand exceeds the supply and there comes a need for manually switching ON/OFF the electrical devices in time. However the purpose of the system is to eliminates the manual operation by automatically switching the load ON/OFF
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Programmable load shedding time management system is a reliable circuit that takes over the manual task of switch ON/OFF the electrical devices with respect to time. It uses real time clock (RTC) interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051 family. While the set time equals to the real time, then microcontroller gives command to the corresponding relay to turn ON the load and then another command to switch OFF as per the program. Multiple ON/OFF time entry is the biggest advantage with this project. A matrix keypad helps entering the time. A 7-sement display is interfaced to the microcontroller to display time
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- Prevents overloading and damage of the power generators
- Prevents instability and system collapse of the electrical generation and distribution systems
- Ensures that consumers or parts of the network have power as opposed to a total blackout.
- The planned schedules ensure that available capacity is shared fairly and each consumer gets power at one time or another.
- It serves as a warning to the utility hence forcing them to increase capacity, and efficiency so as to meet the demand.
1.6 DISADVANTAGES OF LOAD SHEDDING
I. One another major problem in our society created by load shedding is safety. Even though this point looks far fetched it is a dangerous problem. People in our society not only work at day but have night shifts as well. These people face serious threat from attackers at night specially walking down dark narrow lanes with no light. They can be easy prey to any thieves or robbers.
ii. The other disadvantage is that the students are going to have a hard time studying without light. Our country’s future looks dark if the students who are to lead the country in future are deprived of the basic infrastructure which helps them move forward. Load shedding not only stops them from reading and writing but blocks the path to them getting knowledge through internet, television etc.
iii. Other disadvantages can be people and hospitals having problems with their day to day activities. Offices not being able to run properly, people not being able to do their work on time. These are only branches of a huge problem our country faces. The root problem could lead to financial breakdown and an economic disbalance in the country with all the importing of electricity and everything.
- The utilities may not increased the output
- Restoring the load may cause more instabilities
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
The proposed system along with remote communication with SMS will be running automatically and minimized a huge amount of manual work and enhance efficiency to the existing manual system. Load shedding is one the main actions that can be used to prevent further spread of a wide area disturbance and restoration of the load generation balance in a separated part of the system.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' detector consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' detector consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of ''design and construction of a programmable load shedding with time management'' detector consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"
Do you want our Bank Accounts? please click HERE
To view other related topics click HERE
To "SUMMIT" new topic(s), develop a new topic OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE
Do you want us to research your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"
Do you have any question concerning our post/services? click HERE for answers to your questions
For more information contact us through any of the following means:
Mobile No 
:+2348146561114 or +2347015391124 [Mr. Innocent]
Email address 
:engr4project@gmail.com
Watsapp No 
:+2348146561114
COUNTRIES THAT FOUND OUR SERVICES USEFUL
Australia, Botswana, Canada, Europe, Ghana, Ireland, India, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Uganda, United States, United Kindom, Zambia, Zimbabwe, etc
Support: +234 8146561114 or +2347015391124
Watsapp No :+2348146561114
Email Address :engr4project@gmail.com
FOLLOW / VISIT US VIA:
