This project work deals on the design and construction of an IR based remote control for an electronic/electrical device say rechargeable electric lamp with the aim of switching on/off of the lamp at discretion and from a distance. It also eliminates the inconveniences associated with manual switching of rechargeable electric lamp.  This electronic system is designed in two functional units; the transmitter and the receiver using infrared communication wave band.  The transmitter is a hand-held remote control while the receiver consists of a tuned infrared  receiver, clock generator, delay circuit, flip-flop and a driver circuitry which actuates the load (lamp).  When the remote control button is pressed, the lamp comes ON and remains ON until the remote is pressed again – it goes OFF.  Many advantages are accredited to this design in terms of robust, durability, cost effectiveness and components availability.  The result being the simple design of a system easy to operate and maintain. A miniaturized design of it will be a reliable, robust and rugged consumer electronics that will sell like a German burger.

 

CHAPTER ONE
1.1                                                      INTRODUCTION
A lantern is a portable lighting device or mounted light fixture used to illuminate broad areas. Lanterns may also be used for signaling, as torches, or as general light sources outdoors. Low light level varieties are used for decoration. The term "lantern" is also used more generically to mean a light source, or the enclosure for a light source.
Rechargeable lights are very useful electrical gadgets and are quite popular, too. During a power failure these portable lights are able to instantly illuminate through battery back up and never allow us to stumble in the darkness. Although you will find a variety of them in different shapes and sizes in the market, but building your own emergency light at home can be a totally different experience. It will not only help you to create a quality design but also will acquaint you to the technical aspects of the unit. Besides, you also get an opportunity to customize the circuit as per your own needs.
Electronic communication has gained a holistic approach in the world technological growth.  Apparently, no modern electronic system is capable of fascinating the society without an aspect of telecommunication. This trend is so progressive that most remote control systems are designed with RF.

1.2                              GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
The above-mentioned development motivated me to embark on a project research work on the design and construction of an IR based remote control rechargeable lamp.  This electronic system is designed with a handheld remote control realized using frequency generator and modulator coupled into a tuned class-C amplifier.  The amplified signal is radiated into the atmosphere through a tank circuit at a particular frequency. The receiver is realized with a infrared receiver coupled into a transistor static switch.  These solid state switches are used to clock a D-type flip-flop through a delay circuit. The output of the flip-flop biases a driver circuitry realized using a transistors which drives the relay to switch ON/OFF the rechargeable lamp connected to its normally open contact, whenever the remote is pressed.

1.3                                 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
One of the objectives of this project is to design and implement an IR based remote control for rechargeable lantern capable of switching ON/OFF of rechargeable lamp from a distance of 5m at convenience.
It is also aimed at exposing the graduating student to electronic system design using random logic. It is also aimed at familiarizing the young engineers with digital system design involving telecommunication systems.  Another objective of this project is to ground the young engineers in engineering design which is indispensable in engineering professional practice.

•                                SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• This project work signifies a lot in telecom, computer and electronic engineering.
•  It is very useful in a number of domestic places like in bedroom and security lamps in the compound.
• A project of this type if modified can be used as a gate/door opening system, car immobilizer and for industrial process control.  
• Another vital significance of this system is in the control of Air conditioner and refrigerators and other lamps in modern buildings.
•  This system can be used to start and stop a power generating set from a distance.
• IR Transmitter and Receiver pair form a simple circuit which can be easily built.
• Can be used for simple remote controlling applications, small data transfer, etc.
• IR Transmitter and Receiver pair as a module can be used in security applications, proximity sensors, distance measurement applications, etc.

1.5                               SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
This project work covers the following: tuned radio frequency transmitter and receiver, flip-flops, Darlington pair transistors and delay circuits.  It also lays great emphasis on passive and active components used to implement the system. It x-rays the mode of calculation of the basic circuit parameters and other areas of application of the system.

1.6                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This work is used in many places such as:

• In school library, hall and labs
• Churches
• Workshop
• Homes, etc

All for the purpose of illuminating of such environment. They highly choose because of its simplicity and safety, that is, it can be charged, hanged, and continues with your adventures into the night.

1.7                                              PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT

• IR Transmitter and Receiver require line of sight communication i.e. they need to be facing each other.
• The range of IR communication is less and is reliable for short range and small amounts of data.

1.8                              PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
This project is presented in six chapters to appropriately illustrate the steps involved in its implementation. Chapter one introduce the design overview, objective and significance of the project. Chapter two is basically the literature review and some theories relevant to the design. Chapter three discussed the methodology and analysis. Chapter four is on the system design analysis while chapter five elaborates on the implementation, testing and results. Finally chapter six summarizes the entire thesis and recommendations.

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