DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR REFRIGERATOR MOUNTED ON THE BICYCLE WITH PANEL
Refrigerator is an appliance or compartment that is artificially kept cool and used to store food and drink. Modern refrigerators generally make use of the cooling effect produced when a volatile liquid is forced to evaporate in a sealed system in which it can be condensed back to liquid outside the refrigerator. solar Refrigerator runs on electricity provided by Solar Energy is known as solar refrigeration. Solar-powered refrigerators may be most commonly used in the future generation - developing the world to help mitigate poverty and climate change. There are different ways in which solar energy can be used, in this one solar panel was mounted on a bicycle for the purpose of cooling and freezing food or drinks.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
A solar-powered refrigerator is a refrigerator which runs on energy directly provided by sun, and may include photovoltaic or solar thermal energy.
Solar-powered refrigerators are able to keep perishable goods such as meat and dairy cool in hot climates, and are used to keep much needed vaccines at their appropriate temperature to avoid spoilage.
Solar-powered refrigerators may be most commonly used in the developing world to help mitigate poverty and climate change. Traditionally solar-powered refrigerators and vaccine coolers use a combination of solar panels and lead batteries to store energy for cloudy days and at night in the absence of sunlight to keep their contents cool.
The solar refrigerator is the refrigeration system that runs on the solar energy. The solar refrigerator comprises of all the traditional components like the compressor, condenser, expansion valve and the evaporator or the freezer. The power is supplied not by the domestic electrical supply system, but from the solar panel.
The solar system of the solar refrigerator comprises of the solar panel that collects the solar energy. The solar panels are fitted with photovoltaic cells that convert the solar energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery. During the normal running of the solar refrigerator the power is supplied directly by the solar panel, but when the output power of solar panels is less, the additional power is supplied by the battery. The battery is recharged when excess amount of power is produced by the solar panels.
The output supply of the batteries and the solar panel is DC with voltage of about 12. A typical solar system produces 300W or 600W of power depending upon the size of the desired refrigerator. The voltage regulator is connected to the battery to convert the low voltage DC supply to high voltage AC supply to run the compressor. It is advantageous to use the AC supply compressor since it can run on domestic electrical supply also. Some of the solar refrigerators use compressors that can run directly on DC supply.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to design a mobile solar refrigerator that is mounted on a bicycle for the purpose of cooling, Freezing, Ice-making, and also ice-cream making.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
The advantages of the solar refrigerator mounted in a bicycle are similar to the ones offered by the other solar energy devices. Since the solar refrigerator runs on solar energy there is lots of saving of electrical power that would have been produced by the conventional power plants causing lots of pollution. The solar energy is available freely, abundantly and is a clean source of energy. One of additional advantage is that the excess power produced by the solar refrigerator can be used for the other domestic purposes.
The solar refrigerator mounted of a bicycle can be very useful in far off remote places where there is no continuous supply of electricity. In Nigeria, some hawkers and fishermen use solar refrigerator mounted in a bicycle for keeping the fishes fresh.
1.4 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
The problem of the solar refrigerator mounted in a bicycle is that the production of power is not uniform since solar energy is not available throughout the day and it also changes in intensity during various times of the year. Hence, the bicycle can only be moved to or be used only in places where strong sun rays are available throughout the year and most parts of the day. The other major disadvantage of the solar refrigerator is the size of the solar collector occupying large areas of the home. To produce power sufficient for the refrigerator big solar panels are required. The solar collectors can be kept on the terrace, but still they will occupy lots of space.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This work is used by:
- Ice cream sellers to maintain their ice-cream cooled and freeze.
- It can also be used by medical personnel to transport their vaccines and thereby maintaining the vaccine’s temperature when or before ministering to their patients.
- Some hawkers and fishermen use solar refrigerator mounted in a bicycle for keeping the fishes fresh
1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
There are different types of solar refrigeration: Photovoltaic Operated Refrigeration Cycle and Solar Mechanical Refrigeration. But in this work, Photovoltaic Operated Refrigeration Cycle was focused and treated. Photovoltaic Operated Refrigeration Cycle: Vapor compression cycle with power input from Photovoltaic cells. DC electric power output from PV runs the compressor of a conventional cycle Considerations: Must match voltage imposed on PV array to the motor characteristics and power requirements of the refrigeration cycle For given operating condition (solar radiation and module temperature), single voltage provides maximum power output. Must find compressor motor closely matched to the electric characteristics of the PV module.
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this works is on the introduction to a solar fridge mounted on a bicycle with panel. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a solar fridge mounted on a bicycle with panel were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a solar fridge mounted on a bicycle with panel. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
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