DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A THREE-STOREY BUILDING ELEVATOR INDICATOR
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TITLE PAGE
BY
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--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
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APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
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Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
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External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Elevator is an inseparable part of a building structure. A simulation study of elevator indicator of a 3- storey building has been presented in this paper using digital logic circuit. The main function of elevator floor indicator is to indicate the floor that the elevator is currently on. We have focused on logic formulation of the probable events associated with movement of the elevator and implemented the logic equations using standard digital circuit simulator software Proteus 7 Professional. Major sections of the entire circuit structure are power supply unit, level positioning control unit, output display unit and clock controlling unit. Simulated results from the circuit simulator software show exact match with the desired results which proves our design validity.
Cover page
ii. Certification
iii. Dedication
iv. Acknowledgement
v. Abstract:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Problem Statement
- Aim and Objective of Study
- Research question
- Purpose of the study
- Research methodology
- Project organisation
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 review of the study
2.2 review of related studies
2.3 working of an elevator
2.4 review of different types of elevator indicators
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 block diagram
3.2 system operation
3.3 sample inputs from users and list of events
3.4 logic equations
3.5 logic formulation of elevator direction
3.6 circuit design description
3.7 Power supply unit
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS/ANALYSIS
4.1 Result and Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
CONCLUSION AND RECONMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion
References
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In simple terms, an elevator can be defined as a kind of transportation that moves in the vertical direction whilst carrying people and baggage between the floors (or levels) of a building or any other type of structure. Elevators, or lifts, exist in several different forms but their method of operation is common; to lift materials in a tall tower or construction site in a continuous flow. Electric motors are used in general to power elevators by driving hoist like systems. Whether they are used in agricultural fields or in the manufacturing industries, elevators serve the basic purpose of reducing manual effort to carry heavy loads from one place to another in any infrastructure. Elevators are a Godsend discovery for handicapped and disabled people who can’t be expected to use stairs (or escalators in case of wheelchairs) to ascend or descend in a multi-storied building. Moreover, in most high-rise buildings it is often a legal requirement to have elevators as wheelchair ramps wouldn’t be practical there.
Automated elevator systems aim to provide the utmost quality service in order to achieve peoples transportation needs. The main target of the automated elevators control system is to bring the lift car to the right floor when needed, to ensure a speed that is within the limits of safety and minimalizes the time travel and also provides comfort to the passengers. The control system of lifts is programmed in such a way that it keeps track of details that include; accelerating and decelerating speed, door opening and closing speed, hall lantern signals and traveling time et cetera. An increased response time leads to a longer waiting time which just produces frustration among the passengers. Even with the most comprehensive course of maintenance, all elevator systems have to be upgraded or replaced eventually. Postponing replacement just leads to disastrous situations which should be avoided at all costs. Another common problem that causes damage to the elevators is overloading. People tend to overload lifts so that they don’t have to wait for another five minutes which often causes the elevators to breakdown or to get stuck.
The recent surge in transportation from rural to urban sites has resulted in a massive growth in population. This situation has created the congestion issue in residence and there is an essential need for vertical high buildings. The main necessity of today’s world is to save the time required to travel. The elevator system is the one that was introduced for high-rise buildings to save time and to give some relaxation to people. Most of the people are focused on the relaxed, smooth, and safe operation of the elevator. Elevators need a control system for controlling all the components which are connected to the panel [1]. Currently, monitoring and scheduling of elevators in high/ low stories, commercial, residential sectors are not satisfied with existing elevators operations. The need for elevators with developed technology enforces the system operators to apply an optimal monitoring scheme [2].
Elevator fixtures are the set of buttons, floor indicators, hall lanterns and other things for elevators. The floor indicators are located inside and/or outside of the elevator. It is used to indicate the floor that the elevator is currently on. The proposed work is aimed at building a floor elevator indicator for a three storey building.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Finding out where people want to go is very easy. The buttons in the elevator and the buttons on each floor are all wired to the computer. When you press one of these buttons, the computer logs this request. However the challenge is that people always find it difficult to know when they arrive at the requested floor. Building indicators is for detecting and alerting people in the elevator whenever the elevator gets to any floor.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
Modern elevators are controlled by a computer. The computer's job is to process all of the relevant information about the elevator and turn the motor the correct amount to put the elevator car where it needs to be. The main aim of this work is to build an elevator indicator for a three storey building which indicates the correct floor the elevator is at any point in time. The objectives of the study are:
- To give direction to people
- To understand the floor position of the elevator
- To create awareness of the people inside the elevator when they arrive.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
- How do elevators know what floor they are on?
- What are the functions of elevator floor indicators?
- What is an elevator position indicator?
- How does elevator works?
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of building a three storey building elevator floor indicator is to indicate the floor that the elevator is currently on.
1.6 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a three-storey building elevator indicator" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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