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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A TWO STATION WIRED INTERCOM
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work,"design and construction of a two station wired intercom" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on Electrical and Electronics Engineering has been approved.
By
Engr. --- Engr. ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
Engr. ---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Designing and implementing multiple intercom system that will work without charges has always been a prominent field of interest among many researchers and developers. This project presents developments and potentials of a two way intercom system that allow two way conversations from one location to another within a particular place such as offices, homes, workshops, warehouse. This project writing discussed an intercom system and its component make-up, operation applications and other relevant issues as regards to intercom system. The basic element used in this project are tone generator, audio input source, audio amplifier, output device and medium (cable). As both microphone (input source) are always in operation, 1000uf capacitor was used in the power circuit to avoid loud speaker from being picked up by the microphone enclosed in the same box, causing a very undesired and laud.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM AND LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT MOTIVATION
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- REVIEW OF 2-WAY INTERCOM
CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM DESIGN
- SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
- SYSTEM OPERATION
- CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
- PARTS LIST
- CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
- SYSTEM DESIGN NOTES
CHAPTER FOUR
- IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND RESULTS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
- INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLET DESIGN
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
- PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED
CHAPTER FIVE
- COST OF ANALYSIS
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
An internal communication system is a system that basically transfers information in the form of electrical signal from one spot to the other within a confirmed location. It is also a private telecommunication system that allows typically two or more location to communicate with each other like telephone does. An intercom is also a personal telecommunications device which facilitates the exchange of messages between two or more locations where standard vocal communication would be difficult or impossible due to distance or obstructions. This project two way intercom system consist of station linked to each using wire. It uses full duplex mode a process whereby one can transmit and receive voice calls simultaneously which made transmission medium to be your wires between the two nodes and typical headers on the nodes (separate speaker and microphone, good isolation from sound coming from speaker to the mic element).
An intercom system is therefore a private telecommunication system that allows typically two or more locations to communicate with each other like telephone does. An intercommunication system may be a simple two- station system or a multi - station system. Many productions which need co-operation of more than a few people need special intercoms that cover many users. Intercom systems used in TV and stage productions are usually headsets type intercoms connected to one line using party line arrangement. The primary use of this type of system is in lives or media productions where (for example) the video director speaks to the camera operators, or where the stage manager speaks to the stage hands and lighting operator, etc. A simple two station wired intercom system can be used as an intercom and door phone. One can use an intercom system from the house to house gate to screen visitors to the house.
In this project work, discussions will base on design and implementation of a two station intercom system that will result in the instrumentation of a home to facilitate flexible one and two-way audio conversations. The intercom circuit will consist of two intercom stations linked to each other with a push - to - talk (PTT) switch. This kind of circuit, generally consist of only one or two amplifiers and generally uses loudspeakers as normal speaker and microphones (how it is used depends on talk switch position). Depending on the circuit design, there could be one PTT switch on one end, or separate PTTs on both stations (as in this case).
1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Human to human communication is an essential part of our every day activities. Advances in communication technology have enabled any-time-anywhere connection between people. There are a wide variety of devices to communicate with family, friends and workgroup members who are distributed geographically. Cellular phones are used at the working places, stores etc. to call home to be reminded of what is needed or when one will be late to work, meeting etc.
The purpose of a communication system is to transfer information between two or more points. In general, a communications system requires three things namely; a transmitter, a propagation medium, and a receiver. The information to be transferred may be in analog form (example, voice or audio) as in the case of this study where voice is the source of information, or in digital form (computer data, digitalized voice, and so on). The transmitter must have some means of superimposing this information onto its output signal (modulation). The modulated transmitter signal must pass through a propagation medium to a receiver. The propagation medium may be free space, an RF transmission line, or a fiber optic cable. The function of the receiver is to select (filter) the desired signal, amplify and extract the information. A simplified block diagram of a typical communication system is shown on figure 1. 0 below.
Interest arises in promoting communication within a building which is difficult and stressful going from one point to another within the building in the name of delivering information. In a domestic setting, family members will be collocated within the same building, but often will be unable to be heard using a normal speaking voice. Many households utilize intercom systems to facilitate conversations between remote parts of the home, but these systems have their drawbacks. They require one or both parties to go to specific parts of the house or hold onto a handset in order to communicate. They also offer little ability to direct communication to a person, within the house when the location of the person is initially unknown.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to design a device that can be used to communicate among two individuals in different parts of the home and in the case of injury or emergency.
1.4 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
In a business organization, shops, stores and stressful in relating/ delivering information between each other within a particular building. The servant finds it laborious going to the boss always whenever he /she has information to deliver or wants to carry out action(s) with respect to the master’s authority. Therefore, this project work is to address this issue, looking forward to eliminating the stressful manpower involved and to facilitate information delivery, making communication easier. The intercom system forming the basic of this study and designed to serve the HOD’s office and the secretary’s office for internal communication.
1.5 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
(1) The main objective of this project is to construct a two way wired intercom that will help two persons or more to communicate with each other within a particular domain, like offices homes, warehouse e.t.c.
(2) To build a telephone that will transmit signal via a medium at no cost.
(3) To immensely help the engineering students understand the technology behind two way simple intercom and its practical development.
1.6 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The design and construction of two way intercom system will help students or individual to understand the basic knowledge of intercommunication industries, also it’s a means to replace man’s labour and stress of walking over a given premises for information delivery. These station wired intercom system can be used as a door phone, connecting from the house to the door to screen visitors to the house. The wife, after preparing dinner, can through this system call on the husband in his bedroom to the dinner table. Generally, intercom system can be used for message broadcast (in case of multi-channel intercom), as door phone, monitoring etc.
1.7 SCOPEOF PROJECT
The scope of this project work design of simple two way intercom system is to limited to the design, construction and test on a two station simple intercom system with specification that;
- The demodulator should operate with a minimum distortion while producing an adequate output
- The small signal amplifier must provide an undistorted signal into the buffer amplifier to be able to drive a speaker of 8 ohms impedance.
- A 9 volt d.c power supply is to be design and employed to power the simple intercom for operation at each station.
- Result shall fully be discussed while suggestions for further study made.
1.8 PROJECT MOTIVATION
In a business organization, shops, stores, homes etc, many people find it difficult and stressful in relating/ delivering information between each other within a particular building. The servant finds it laborious going to the boss always whenever he / she has information to deliver or wants to carry out action(s) with respect to the master's authority. Parents within a home are even forced to walk down to the child's room whenever need arises. As a matter of fact, reaction to information is delayed.
Therefore, this project work is to address this issue, looking forward to eliminating the stressful manpower involved and to facilitate information delivery, making communication easier.
1.9 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a of a two station wired wired intercom. In this chapter, the background, significance of a two station wired intercom, aim of a two station wired intercom, scope of a two station wired intercom, application of a two station wired intercom, objective of a two station wired intercom, limitation and problem of a two station wired intercom were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a two station wired intercom. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER TWO: The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a two station wired intercom" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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