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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Along with the increasing use of water by the community, the quality of water needs to be considered, especially for human consumption Water quality is determined based on the value of turbidity of water. The main aim of this work is to build a turbidity tester. This project develops an Arduino Uno-based water turbidity monitoring system, which is aimed to measure water level and water turbidity levels. The turbidity sensor consists of a photodiode and infrared LED. Measurements of water turbidity using principles of light scattering in the water. The turbidity sensor to detect the intensity of light passing through the scattering of particles and the results of the analog signal voltage. The signal entering Arduino Uno of the ultrasonic sensor and the turbidity sensor will be processed. The measurement results is converted to NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) and liter, then are shown on the LCD display 2x16. This system can potentially help in monitoring water tanks and it is hoped that water quality monitoring system can be applied online.
Cover page
ii. Certification
iii. Dedication
iv. Ackwonledgement
v. Abstract:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
- Problem Statement
- Hypothesis/Research Questions
- Objective of Study
- Significance of Study
- Scope of Study
- Limitations of Study
- Definitions of terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Related works
2.2 Contribution to Knowledge
2.3 Proposed system’s Theories
2.4 Expected Results from Hardware &Software
CHAPTER THREE
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 Material Parts List
3.2Hardware Design Methods
3.3 Software Design Methods
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULTS/ANALYSIS
4.1 Testing of Hardware and software
4.2 Hardware Result/analysis
4.3 Software result/analysis
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY,CONCLUSION AND RECONMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the Study
Turbidity is caused by a huge number of small particles that are suspended in water and invisible to the human eye. While bigger particles are settling down rapidly, small particles – also known as colloids – are settling down very slowly or not at all.
Turbidity in rivers or lakes is often caused by human activities like construction, mining and agriculture. Storm water runoff after a rainfall can wash up sediments from urbanized areas, industries and farmland.
Turbidity is one of the parameters in determining water quality. Turbidity is caused by organic materials and inorganic particles that are suspended in the water [Anderson, 2015]. High water turbidity levels can cause health problems if the water is continually consumed. Water turbidity standards are set between 5-25 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Unit) [Ankcorn, 2013].
Water-treatment plant station as a provider of clean water in Indonesia needs to pay attention to water quality that will be distributed to society [Coduto et al, 2010]. Monitoring of water turbidity is required in the water treatment process to ensure water quality, so that water is suitable for use in subsequent processes [Elliot et al, 2019].
The research aim to design a prototype system of monitoring the level of water turbidity. Water turbidity is measured based on the principles of light scattering [Elliot et al, 2019]. Water that has a high turbidity levels will be added chemicals to assist in the deposition of particles in water [Faucette et al, 2015].
Turbidity sensors are designed by using components a photodiode as detector and infrared led as light sources. This system is controlled using Arduino Uno microcontroller. The measurement results of the turbidity sensor in the form of ADC value is converted to units of NTU and is shown on the LCD display 2x16.
1.2 Problem Statement
Water turbidity is an important factor for maintaining the clearness of water in different places such as ponds and lakes. It is also required for monitoring water sewage treatment systems, washing machines, aquariums and in many more equipment. But there are less instruments that measure turbidity and are quite expensive as well. All this makes it a challenge to measure turbidity. However to overcome this problem, a low cost turbidity tester whose readings are displayed on a LED screen was built.
1.3 Hypothesis/Research Questions
Hypothesis
H1: There is a significant interface between turbidity sensor and arduino
Research Questions
At the end of this work the student involved shall be able to answer these questions:
- What is the operating principle of turbidity tester?
- What is the output unit of this turbidity tester?
- What is the importance of turbidity tester?
1.4 Objective of Study
Turbidity plays an important role in liquid dynamics and is also used to measure water quality. The main aim of this work is to build a water turbidity tester. The objectives of the work are:
- To build a turbidity tester
- To measure water quality
- To interface LCD, RGB sensor, and turbidity sensor with Arduino Uno microcontroller.
- 5 Significance of Study
It is very important to measure the turbidity of domestic water supplies, as these supplies often undergo some type of water treatment which can be affected by turbidity. For example, during the rainy season when mud and silt are washed into rivers and streams, high turbidity can quickly block filters and stop them from working effectively. High turbidity will also fill tanks and pipes with mud and silt, and can damage valves and taps. Where chlorination of water is practised, even quite low turbidity will prevent the chlorine killing the germs in the water efficiently.
Measuring the turbidity of the water before and after each part of the system can tell the operator where maintenance or cleaning is needed.
1.6 Scope of Study
The scope of this work focused on building a water turbidity tester. This system is controlled using Arduino Uno microcontroller. The measurement results of the turbidity sensor in the form of ADC value is converted to units of NTU and is shown on the LCD display 2x16. The turbidity unit is measured in NTU “Nephelometric Turbidity Units” which is global standard. The larger the turbidity is, the cloudy of the sample is. Turbidity sensor connects to the microcontroller through an analog to digital converter through this A to D converter.
1.7 Limitations of Study
As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were noticed in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-
- high cost
- need power supply (mains or battery)
- easily damaged
1.8 Definitions of terms
Turbidity: is the amount of cloudiness in the water.
Sensor: is a device that measures physical input from its environment and converts it into data that can be interpreted by either a human or a machine.
Tester: this is an instrument used for testing
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a 1kva power inverter" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a water turbidity tester" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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