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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN ADJUSTABLE LED FLASHER
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work "
design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of "
design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" visible for everyone, then the complete material on "
design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
This project (Construction of an adjustable LED flasher) was constructed using available materials. Flashing circuits are very interesting. They grab your attention and can be used in many applications. They consume very little energy and a single cell can last as long as 12 months. You can flash globes, LEDs and pulse all types of devices such as motors, solenoids and piezo diaphragms. In this discussion we will cover a number of interesting “oscillator circuits.” They can be adapted for other applications – but to do this you have to know how they work. This is not easy as most of them are quite complex. In fact oscillator circuits are one of the most difficult circuits to understand. But if you read the text, everything will become clear. Flasher circuits have developed over a long period of time, with many of the earlier designs proving to be unreliable. The main aim of this work is to build an adjustable LED flasher circuit.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF LED FLASHING CIRCUIT
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
- REVIEW OF COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF AN LED
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 COMPONENTS REQUIRED
3.4 CIRCUIT OPERATION
3.5 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.6 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.2 APPLICATIONS
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Flashing circuits are very interesting. They grab your attention and can be used in many applications. They consume very little energy and a single cell can last as long as 12 months. You can flash globes, LEDs and pulse all types of devices such as motors, solenoids and piezo diaphragms. In this discussion we will cover a number of interesting "oscillator circuits." They can be adapted for other applications - but to do this you have to know how they work. This is not easy as most of them are quite complex. In fact oscillator circuits are one of the most difficult circuits to understand. But if you read the text, everything will become clear. Flasher circuits have developed over a long period of time, with many of the earlier designs proving to be unreliable.
- OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The objective of this research work is to construct an adjustable led flasher. The project is aimed to have couple of advantages over a flashing LED that can be buy as an individual item. The project is also the objective of the researcher to design the project with the most economical and efficiency parts so as to make it affordable to everyone.
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of this work is to build an LED flashing circuit with a variable level frequency.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the operation of the adjustable LED flasher fully automated. It pulses it with a higher peak current to give a brighter illumination and consumes less average current. This means it will work for a long time on an almost flat battery and cost nothing to run. It is built with the 555 timer IC that is powered 9v batteries. The circuit can be used as a flashing metronome, dark room timer, memo-reminder or other similar applications
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It can be used for battery equipment to indicate the power is ON or as an ALARM ON indicator. You can use a super-bright LED and get a really bright flash, or an ordinary green, orange or yellow LED to get something better than a flashing red LED.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-
- Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
- Difficulty in parts gathering: I found it too difficult when gathering electronics parts used for the prototype.
- Time: The research of adjustable electronic flasher is a time consuming exercise for collection, analysis and preparation of its report Goods research takes time to plan and executed.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet).
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to this study. In this chapter, the background, significance, purpose, scope, objective, limitation and problem of this work was discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of the study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of " design and construction of an adjustable led flasher" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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