DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR USING TRANSISTORS
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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL INDICATOR USING TRANSISTORS
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "the design and construction of an automatic water level sensor" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on Electrical and Electronics Engineering has been approved.
By
Engr. --- Engr. ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
Engr. ---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work "the design and construction of an automatic water level" sensorresearch material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of "the design and construction of an automatic water level" visible for everyone, then the complete material on"the design and construction of an automatic water level" is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
This project is titled the design and construction of a water level sensor system. It is designed to indicate the level of water to over-head tank. This device is unique because this water level indicator circuit also has an alarm feature. It not only indicates the amount of water present in the overhead tank but also gives an alarm when the tank is full.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
1.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF WATER SENSOR
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTIONS
3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.3 CIRCUIT OPERATION OF THE WATER INDICATOR
3.4 COMPONENTS USED
3.5 THE WORKING PRINCIPLE
3.5 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
3.6 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
3.7 SPECIFICATION AND OPERATION OF SYSTEM COMPONENT
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETE DESIGN
4.2 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.3 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.4 ASSEMBLING OF SECTION
4.4 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Water level indicator is widely used in many industries and houses. People generally worry about the wastage of water, when the switch ON the motor and forget to OFF them. An Water Level Indicator may be defined as a system by which we can get the information of any water reservoir .Water level indicator system are quite useful to reduce the wastage of water from any reservoir, while filling such reservoir. But for domestic purpose we cannot go for the instruments which use radar or ultrasonic principle that costs high. Water tank overflow is a common problem which leads to the wastage of water. In this project I am using the transistor based water level indicator circuit is very useful to indicate the water levels in a tank. Whenever tank gets filled, we get alerts on particular levels. The LEDs is generally used for indicate the water levels. If the water level is full, then the circuits beeps through the buzzer notifying that the water level is full.
1.1 AIM OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is build a water level alarm using simple transistors.
1.2 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The purpose of the project is to control the Over flow problems of water, to prevent waste of energy, To prevent waste of water and to reduce the attention of the user.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- To institutionalize social regulations level that govern the allocation, use and management of water for the different purposes.
- To achieve equitable and sustainable access to groundwater to all farmers through sharing of resources and socially regulated demand management of the resource.
- To achieve equitable and secure access to water for drinking, sanitation and domestic needs at affordable costs for all households or company within the project area and project period.
- To construct an electronic device that can automatically detect water level (high and low) with high precision.
- To control the supply of water.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The water level circuit is a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the level of water in the overhead tank and also in the other containers. Nowadays, all the householders/owners are storing the water in overhead tanks by using the pumps. When the water is stored in the tank, no one can identify the level of water and also, no one can know when the water tank will fill. Hence there is an overflow of water in the tank, thus there is a wastage of energy and water. To resolve this type of problems by using the water level alarm circuit using transistor helps and indicated the level of water in the overhead tanks.
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT
- Suitability: These water level controllers are ideally suited for normal water as well as for ultra low conductivity water with less than 1 micro/moh.
- Easy to Operate: this system come fitted with sensitivity setting which can be provided externally on a dial or with internal settings.
- Settings: It is equipped with technology which works on low or high sensitivity settings on the same machine and thereby saves costs of buying and using two different machines.
- Materials of Construction: this water indicator system is protected the against corrosion.
- Safety : This system is highly insulated, leakage proof and works without creating any noise.
- Save roofs
- Save water
- Save electricity
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This device is used in the following:
- overhead water tanks,
- swimming pool boilers,
- chemical plants,
- Science fair
- Home
- Technical college
- Hotels
- Drainage
- Industry or factory
- Role mode of water level indicator
- Fuel level indicate in vehicle
- electrical substations and also in other liquid storage systems.
1.6 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
The only problem discovered in this work on the probes. Sensor probes will likely rust at a fast rate, while high mineral content in the water will likely plate to the probes enforcing failure or Causing inaccurate readings.
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to the study. In this chapter, the background of an automatic water level indicator using transistors, significance of an automatic water level indicator using transistors, application of an automatic water level indicator using transistors, objective of an automatic water level indicator using transistors, problem of an automatic water level indicator using transistors were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of this study. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
CHAPTER TWO: The complete chapter two of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"
is available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors"consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of an automatic water level indicator using transistors" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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