DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN ON/OFF REMOTE CONTROL FOR 500KVA GENERATOR
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TITLE PAGE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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The paper presents an arduino based infrared remote controlled petrol generator, which is a device that enables the user to operate or control the ON and OFF supplied of a generator from approximately 5 to 10 meters away. The remote transmits a beam of light using an infrared light emitting diode; this light is picked and decoded by the receiver unit (Photodiode). The receiver only activates when it receives the beam of light, there are no accidental activations. The system was broken down into simpler functional parts namely: The transmitter stage and receiver stage and the relay stage. Details of these stages are described in the paper.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.7 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
2.2 INFRARED, LINE OF SIGHT AND OPERATING ANGLE
2.3 REMOTE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES REVIEWED
2.4 OVERVIEW OF STARTER MOTOR
2.5 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF STARTER MOTOR
2.6 TYPES OF ELECTRIC STARTER
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION
3.3 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.4 CIRCUIT EXPLANATION
3.5 DESCRITION OF COMPONENT USED
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 TESTING AND RESULT ANAYLSIS
4.1 INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
4.2 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.3 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.4 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.5INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
4.6TESTING
4.7ECONOMIC OF THE PROJECT
4.8 PROJECT EVALUATION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
An engine-generator is the combination of an electrical generator and an engine (prime mover) mounted together to form a single piece of equipment. This combination is also called an engine-generator set or a gen-set. In many contexts, the engine is taken for granted and the combined unit is simply called a generator.
A petrol engine is an internal combustion engine with spark-ignition, designed to run on petrol (gasoline) and similar volatile fuels.
In most petrol engines, the fuel and air are usually pre-mixed before compression. The pre-mixing was formerly done in a carburetor, but now it is done by electronically controlled fuel injection, except in small engines where the cost/complication of electronics does not justify the added engine efficiency. The process differs from a diesel engine in the method of mixing the fuel and air, and in using spark plugs to initiate the combustion process. In a diesel engine, only air is compressed (and therefore heated), and the fuel is injected into very hot air at the end of the compression stroke, and self-ignites.
In addition to the engine and generator, engine-generators generally include a fuel supply, a constant engine speed regulator (governor) and a generator voltage regulator, cooling and exhaust systems, and lubrication system. Units larger about 500kW rating often have a battery and electric starter motor; very large units may start with compressed air either to an air driven starter motor or introduced directly to the engine cylinders to initiate engine rotation. Standby power generating units often include an automatic starting system and a transfer switch to disconnect the load from the utility power source when there is a power failure and connect it to the generator.
With the advancement in technology, new electrical protective devices with various levels of complexity have been designed, and different failures from these systems have been recorded. The design and construction of a reliable cost effective protective device, “the remotely controlled petrol generator switching unit” is to be used in connection with the generator starter motor. The primary aim of this work is to design a simple cost effective and reliable infrared controlled petrol generator which will automatically shut down or ON the engine from a distance.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Traditional means of switching ON or OFF of a generator of a generator involves the user a hired operator to carry out the operation, and this involves much labour and also cost effective. However, technological advancement came to make things easy for everyone. This device is one of the products of technology; it was invented to overcome those challenges by using an infrared technology. This device permits a user of a generator to ON or OFF their generator from a distance.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The main aim of this work is to build a device designed to automatically [remotely] start and stop a petrol powered generator/engine. The remote control is made up of a transmitter and a receiver (Photo detector). The transmitter transmits within the frequencies of 30 KHz and 60 KHz having a wavelength of about 950m. The objectives of the study are:
- To save fuel and energy
- To reduce human labour
- To implement the system
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Today, remote control is a standard feature on some consumer electronic and mechanical products including petrol generator set. This device allows the user to operate their generator set from a distance with having a physical touch of the generator switch. Even at night hour, this device reduces the risk of being attack by arm robbers when making attempt of going out to switch OFF or ON a generator set.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Basically, a remote control operates in the following manner. A button is pressed; this completes a specific connection, which produces a Morse code line signal specific to that button. The transistors amplify the signal and send them to the IR LED, which translates the signal into infrared light. The sensor on the appliance (on the generator starter) detects the infrared light and response appropriately to the received signal or command via relay using arduino as the heart of the receiver.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Apart from using this device to control generator ON and OFF mode, this device can also be used to control the power supply of appliances such as:
TV
DVD
Radio
Or any other mechanical device.
Remote control is also used for controlling substations, pump storage power stations and HVDC-plants. For these systems often PLC-systems working in the longwave range are used.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
To operate this device becomes a problem when the remote is fault or whenever the battery of the remote runs down. This device made for gasoline generator with:
1. 500kva output power
2. Rated Frequency (HZ): 50 or 60
3. Fuel Consumption: (g/KW H): 330
4. Fuel tank capacity: 12.5 L
5. Start system: Electric Starter
6. Fuel Type: Gasoline
1.7 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a remote controlled petrol generator. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of remote controlled petrol generator were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of remote petrol generator. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed. Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
Remote control is very important in household application, it brings about comfort when controlling and operating household appliances. It makes life easy while trying to make switching operation of appliances. In this work, the design and construction of a remote control for household application has been achieved. A transmitter system (the handheld remote), which comprises of encoder, multiplexer, RF module, push buttons, etc. has been developed which when operated, sends a signal to the receiver system. This receiver system receives and processes the signal from the transmitter, then turn ON or turns OFF an appliance.
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
Though the main objective of this project was achieved, the following can be made to improve on the performance and rating. A digital display may be included so as to show the voltage level coming out of the generator during operation. Incorporating a unique sound alarm unit, that will come ON once there is an unusual voltage. On a final note, to improve the performance of the device, the output of the device should be regulated to properly handle variations in the power supply line.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of an on/off remote control for 500kva generator" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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