DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF INDUCTION MOTOR PROTECTION AND MONITORING SYSTEM
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This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
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This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
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Monitoring and protection system is needed in every industry to avoid unwanted faults in theprocess components that may leads to excessive downtime and huge losses in terms of maintenance cost andloss of revenue. Monitoring of induction motor parameters under various operating conditions plays a vitalrole in its performance, reliability, efficiency and life cycle. This research focuses on the design of a system formeasuring and monitoring of voltage, stator current and winding temperature of an induction motor underoperation. The system also isolates the motor from the supply if threshold values are exceeded by using sensortechnology with PIC18f4550 microcontroller. The hardware system was tested with a single phase inductionmotor. The results obtained show that the measured values conform to analog meters readings. The systemadequatelymonitorsandisolatestheinduction motortopreventit frombreaking down.
Keywords:Inductionmotor,Microcontroller,Monitoring,Protection, Sensor
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE / LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF INDUCTION MOTOR
- BASIC PARTS OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR
- TYPES OF INDUCTION MOTORS
- ADVANTAGES OF INDUCTION MOTOR
- REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
- BLOCK DIAGRAM
- VOLTAGEMEASUREMENTANDMONITORING
- CURRENTMEASUREMENTANDMONITORING
- TEMPERATUREMEASUREMENTANDMONITORING
- MEASUREMENTANDCONTROLSYSTEMDEVELOPMENT
- MEASUREMENTANDCONTROLSYSTEMIMPLEMENTATION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Induction motors are the most widely used electro-mechanical devices in a variety of applications andsincethesquirrelcageinductionmotorislow-priced,simple,robust,andrugged,itisconsideredworldwide as the workhorse in industrial applications (Chaturvedi, Akash, Mayank, and Sharif, 2014).Many researchers focused on condition monitoring of three induction motor components: the stator, rotorand bearings. Little attention has been paid to voltage unbalance in the motor supply and the developmentofinduction motorparametersmonitoringsystem(Mirabbasi,Ghodratollah,and Mehrdad,2009).
Operation of induction motors at voltage and frequencies other than the nominal values, sudden increasein load or load thrown off can cause significant changes in the motor speed. Increase in speed leads toincrease in operating temperature and decreases the functional horse power, which leads to reduced life ofmotor(Pari,Kavipriya,Naveenadevi,PreethiandSuryadharsini,2017).Inductionmotorspeedandtemperature is more affected by high amplitudes of voltage fluctuations, whilst the torque and efficiencyaremoreaffectedformiddle and highamplitudes(Zhao,Ciufoand Perera,2012).
A temperature protection system is needed to protect induction motor stator winding against thermaloverloads in an application where induction motors are frequently started, overloaded and used in highinertia applications with long starting times (Aleksejs, 2015). Thermal overheating degrades the chemicalstability of the materials used for stator winding insulation and accelerates the aging process. Unbalancevoltage can occur due to Intermittent load or strong fluctuations in power demand, presence of largersingle-phase consumers, (Zhao, Ciufo and Perera, 2012), presence of higher harmonics in the supplyvoltage(Miloje,2012).
Thepresentdayrequirementforeverincreasingreliabilityofelectricalmachinesisparametersmonitoring and protection against variations. Though, it does not remedy the fault in most cases but earlydetectionofvariationsinvoltage,currentandtemperatureandappropriateactionwouldeliminatesubsequentdamagetomotor,thenreducingthecostofrepairanddowntime.Thetraditionalmeasuringapparatus like meters cannot give a continuous measuring, monitoring and storing results of inductionmotorparameters(ShubhangandRajesh, 2011).
Hence,acosteffective,reliableandaccuratehardwaresystemisdesignedtohaveacontinuousmonitoring of these parameters and protectagainst variation in voltage, current and temperature andisolatethe inductionmotorfromsupplyifthe thresholdvalue isexceeded.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Induction motors are widely used in industrial, commercial and residential systems, because of their ruggedness, simplicity and relatively low cost. Approximately 65% of the electricity consumed in industry is used to drive electrical motors. Therefore, the efficiency and reliability of induction motors operation is of major importance, in order to improve the energy efficiency in industry (Quispe et al, 2011). Squirrel cage induction motors are the most important AC machines in industry. Low cost, high reliability, low inertia and high transient torque capacity are among the advantages of these motors. Many resources show that 35%–45% of motor failures are caused by stator insulation breakdown. For small induction machines, thermal overloading (which can cause high temperature), under or over voltage/current are causes of the induction motor stator winding insulation degradation process (Bonnett et al., 2012).
Thermal devices and models, which assume fixed thermal characteristics of the motor, are not capable of providing sufficient thermal protection since they have no means of giving a correct temperature estimate when the thermal characteristics change. Therefore, in order to extend the insulation life of the induction motor, it is critical to monitor the stator winding temperature, voltage, current and protect the motor under thermal overloading conditions such as motor stall, jam, overload, unbalanced operation, and situations where the cooling ability of the motor is accidentally reduced (Farag et al., 2014).
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to build a system that will analyze and alarm an abnormality of the motor and prevent the damage in case of unbalance voltage or current and high temperature. The objectives of the study are:
- To protect induction motor from breaking down
- To build a protection and monitoring system for industrial induction motor
- To ensure safety of an induction motor.
- To improve the efficiency of the induction motor.
1.4 SCOPE / LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
This work is on protection and monitoring system for industrial induction motor. This scheme can alert the operation of the motor in order to prevent damage and to extend the life time reducing maintenance costs.It consistsof several sensor devices andcoordinatordevice.Thecoordinatordevicereadssensormeasureddatawhichlocatedininductionmotorandtransmits them to the LCD, mikroC source code for PIC libraries is the software used for data acquisition,conversion,communicationanddisplay.
Faults result in loses in themotorand alsoleads to increasedelectricity charges due to poor powerfactor, reduced efficiency, and power consumed. This paper is limited to motors operating directly onsinusoidal power and not through adjustable speed drives.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This device can be used in the following places:
- workshops
- industries
- electronics hobbyist, etc. for protecting, and monitoring of an AC motor
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work will throw more light on the best techniques for controlling and monitoring an induction motor. This study will also be designed to be of immense benefit to all the users of electric motor most especially in industries.
It will also serve as a guide to whoever that wants to purchase an induction motor.
Finally, it will also serve as a useful piece of information for both producers and users of electric motor.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system"consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of"design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system"consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of induction motor protection and monitoring system" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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