DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A CHAFF CUTTER
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TITLE PAGE
BY
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--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
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Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This work is on design and fabrication of a chaff cutter. This machine targets new agriculture entrepreneurs and farmers working on factory farms, the fodder requirement is high in factory farms, asthe feed is provided to cattle at one place unlike the traditional methodswhere they travelled miles and fed themselves. This machine performs three operations at same time which iscutting, chaffing and collecting operation.It is a compact machine which can cut up to twolayers of grass at atime, firstly the grass is cut down using cutting blades withtriangular teeth which cut the crops by scissoringaction.Furtherthegrassmovesinsideandchaffedbysshapechaffcutterblades,finallymoves outbycentrifugalforceandcollectedoutsideinagunnybag,Itrunsondieselengineof3HP,thispowerfromengine,is provided through pulley and gear box arrangement to the cutter. This machine can be a solution to theproblemsfacedby farmersregarding costandlabourimplementation.
Keywords:Chaffcutter,factoryfarms,scissoringaction
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Backgroundof the project
1.2 Problem statement
1.3 Aim and objectives of the project
1.4 Advantages of chaff cutter
1.5 Scope and limitation of the project
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Review of Chaff Cutter
2.2 Review of Related Studies
2.3 Types of Chaff Cutter
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Material selection
3.2 Construction for the choice of materials
3.3 Design considerations
3.4 Toolsandinstruments
3.5 Fabricationprocess
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 Structureandworkingprinciple
4.2 PowerRequiredTo DriveMechanism
4.3 DesignandCalculations
4.4 MaterialsofMachineParts
4.5 CutterAssembly
4.6 Results
CHAPTER FIVE5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Reference
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
In Northern part of Nigeria, animal husbandry is an integral part of the rural economy. The forage (dry or wet) production requireshigh labour, coupled with a lack of sufficient land for forage. Production and forage scarcity during the dry seasonmeans that available forage must be efficiently used to minimize waste. Traditionally, the farmers chop forage intosmall pieces for easy consumption by the animals. This method is tedious, time consuming and quite dangerous tooperator, as well as low output and lack of uniformity. The population of cattle in northern part of Nigeria in is in millions.For such kind of population traditional human powered fodder cutting machines wereused, but due to this theefforts for running the machine was physically demanding. And as per today’s scenario the population of cattle isdrastically increased. So to increase the productivity and reduce the physical effort required for running the machinethe motorized machineries came into existence i.e. The power operated chaff cutters, but the machine is stationary,andthefodderneedtobeboughtdownfromfarmsforchaffingwhichisagaintediousandtimeconsumingprocess,andalsorequires morenumberof labourswhich increasesthecost,toovercomeall this problem wedesignedamachinewhichcutsthe cropschaffsitandfillitinsac bags.
Chaff Cutter Machine is hay or straw cutting machine which is used for uniform chopping of fodder forlivestocktoagroindustries.Inthispaper,designanddevelopmentofChaffCutterMachineispresented.Themachineis developed gradually from basic machines into commercial standard machine that can be diesel engine driven to achievevarious length of cut of chaff as per the preference.
1.2 Problem statement
A Chaff cutter is mechanical device used to cut the straw or hay into small pieces so as to mix it together and fed tocattle. This improves animal digestion and prevents animal from rejecting any part of theirfood.
Traditionally, chaff s were made by the farmers chopping forage intosmall pieces for easy consumption by the animals. This method is always tedious and time consuming. So to increase the productivity and reduce the physicaleffort required for the traditional method of chaff cutting,presentlyfoddercuttingmachinesareelectricdrivenas wellashandoperatedorenginedriven.
1.3 Aim and Objectives
The main aim of this work is to fabricate a chaff cutting machine using engine power which can be helpful in creating a soothing environment for farmers to work for hours in a perfect mood and thereafter provide food for livestock.The objectives are:
- Toensure safetyandmakeit compact.
- Toprovidegoodfodderforanimal
- Tosaveworktime
- Tosaveelectricityconsumption
- Toprovidepleasing/aestheticlook
- Togetprotection fromdust
- Toincreasecorrosionresistanceofmachine
- ToMakeItPortableeasily
1.4 Advantages of chaff cutter
- Chaff cutter is engine driven, and these Chaff cutter benefits are that they are energy-efficient, and it saves time and human resources for cutting a large amount of chaff.
- This cutting blade is hardened to withstand pressure, and it is made wear-resistant.
- The engine used to drive the machine is single phased with 3000 – 4000 RPM (depending on model), enabling the equipment to work effectively and give incredible yield.
- Chaff cutter is a multipurpose machine. Apart from cutting chaffs, it can also provide a cutting solution to many things like grub, fodder, straw, etc.
1.5 Scope and limitation of the project
The scope of this work covers fabrication of a chaff cutter. In this machine, grass is cut down using cutting blades withtriangular teeth which cut the crops by scissoringaction.Furtherthegrassmovesinsideandchaffedbysshapechaffcutterblades,finallymoves outbycentrifugalforceandcollectedoutsideinagunnybag.Itrunsondieselengineof3HP
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSIONThe new machine designed is a special purpose small scale machine, targeted at farmers who have requirement to feed their cattle on daily basis in small to medium basis. This machine is different from other chaff cutters as this machine is portable and performs three operations at a time i.e. cutting, chaffing and collecting.
This new machine reduces the efforts required by the farmers, reduces the labour requirement and makes the work in more systematic way.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and fabrication of a chaff cutter" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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