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This is to certify that the research work, "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
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Scissor jacks are simple mechanisms used to drive large loads for short distances. The power screw design of a common scissor jack reduces the amount of force required by the user to drive the mechanism. Most scissor jacks are similar in design, consisting of four main members driven by a power screw. The work in this study is design and fabrication of, an electrically operated scissor jack. A scissor jack, electrically operated by switch buttons consists of a motor, four arms, a load engaging head and stabilizer base. The motor will be the lifting mechanism. When the car needs to be lifted, just press the button and release the button at the desired height level. The common problem faced by the mechanical car jack in the market is it is manually operated and needed physical effort to lift the vehicle. The developed automatic car jack is based on the result and analysis part to lift loaded car, van.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES
- DISADVANTAGES
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- METHODOLOGY
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
2.2 VARIOUS DEVELOPMENTS IN LIFTING DEVICES
2.3 NECESSITY OF JACK
2.4 TYPES OF JACKS USED TODAY
2.5 REVIEW OF THE EXISTING TYPE
2.6 DRAWBACKS OF EXISTING JACK
2.7 THE PROPOSED WORK
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 FABRICATION
CHAPTER FOUR
DESIGN ANALYSIS
4.1 CALCULATION OF DIAMETER
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION
5.1 RECOMMENDATION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
An automotive jack is a device used to raise all or part of a vehicle into the air in order to facilitate repairs [Budynas, R. G., Nisbett, J. K., 2018]. Most people are familiar with the basic car jack (manually operated) that is still included as standard equipment with most new cars. These days, a car jack is an important tool to have in our vehicle due to unknown upcoming event such as flat tire in our journey. Even so, people who like to rotate their tires themselves or who may install snow tires before the winter and remove them in the spring need to use a jack to perform the job. Changing a flat tire is not a very pleasant experience [Scholarsresearchlibrary.com].
Furthermore, available jacks are typically large, heavy and also difficult to store, transport, carry or move into the proper position under an automobile. In addition, to the difficulties in assembling and setting up jacks, such jacks are generally not adapted to be readily disassembled and stored after automobile repairs have been completed [Bazoune, 2017]. Car jacks must be easy to use even for women or whoever had problem with the tire in the middle of nowhere.
In light of such inherent disadvantages, commercial automobile repair and service stations are commonly equipped with large and hi-tech car lift, wherein such lifts are raised and lowered via electrically or hydraulically powered systems. However, due to their sheer size and high costs of purchasing and maintaining electrically-powered car lifts, such lifts are not available to the average car owner. Engineering is about making things simpler and effective [Budynas, R. G., Nisbett, J. K., 2018]. Such electrical-powered portable jacks not only remove the arduous task of lifting an automobile via manually-operated jacks, but further decrease the time needed to repair the automobile. Such a feature can be especially advantageous when it is necessary to repair an automobile on the side of a roadway or under other hazardous conditions.
Available jacks present difficulties for the elderly, women and are especially disadvantageous under adverse weather conditions. They further require the operator to remain in prolonged bent or squatting position to operate the jack [Bazoune, 2017]. Hydraulic systems that do not have the necessary hydraulic fluids will not function, which becomes a problem when a leak occurs. You must repair the leak so the hydraulic fluids can continue to produce flow; otherwise, the hydraulic system will begin to slow down. Areas that have leakage will also have hotter internal temperatures. This phenomenon can prove beneficial; since these temperatures can help the operators of the hydraulic systems locate the leak, prevent leaks by using proper procedures and the correct materials, and by performing regular preventative maintenance. You must filter oils in hydraulic systems on a regular basis to ensure that the hydraulic fluid contains no broken particles, as well as to eliminate harmful damaging air pockets.
Scissor jacks have several key advantages over both hydraulic jacks and manual labor methods:
- The jack is light and compact.
- Making it easy to stow in the trunk of any size vehicle.
- The jack’s lightweight design makes it user friendly for people of all strengths and physical abilities.
- A scissor jack will not suddenly “leak” and drop down like some hydraulic jacks.
- The precision of these jacks allows for extremely precise lifting capabilities.
An electric car jack which has a frame type of design by using electricity from the car battery or separate battery will be developed. Operator only needs to press the button from the controller without working in a bent or squatting position for a long period of time to change the tire. In order to fulfill the needs of present car jack, some improvement must be made based on the problems statement [Engineers Edge, 2016]. To design a car jack that is safe, reliable and able to raise and lower the height level. To develop a car jack that is powered by internal car power and fully automated with a button system.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The object lifting jack has been developed to cater to the needs of small and medium automobile garages, which are normally man powered with minimum skilled labour. In most of the garages the vehicles are lifted by using screw jack. This needs high man power and skilled labour. In order to avoid all such disadvantages, the automated motorized object lifting jack has been designed in such a way that it can be used to lift the vehicle very smoothly without any impact force. The operation is made simple so that even unskilled labour can use it with ease. The d.c motor is coupled with the lead screw by gear arrangement, the lead screw rotation depends upon the rotation of d.c motor.
1.3 AIM OF THE PROJECT
A Scissor jack is mechanical equipment used to lift up heavy loads. The power screw mechanism included in a scissor jack is design to lower the amount of force needed to lift the heavy loads. The operation of a scissor jack starts by using a z shaped crank that is mounted to a small hole on the mechanism. After rotating the crank, the screw jack rotates and acts like a gear mechanism. The lifting section consists of arms. The turning of screw operates the arms in such a way that it lifts up very gently. Now the arm rotates very gently and force needed to lift the vehicle is divided into parts and user can lift very heavy objects with comparatively very less force. Also the weight of the load is not enough to push the scissor down, since it would require very large force. Thus it allows us to life heavy loads like cars by just using human strength, also the system is further improved by making it motorized so user does not need to operate it manually but just press a button for lifting and lowering it which is the aim of this work – to build the automatic or motorized type of a scissor jack type.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- To design a motorized power scissor jack which is safe and reliable to raise and lower the load easily.
- Use of double start square thread in power screw.
- Pins in bearings.
- To fabricate the prototype of a scissor jack.
- To achieve mass production
- To reduce the production cost and time.
- To achieve good product quality.
Available jacks present difficulties for the elderly people and women and are especially disadvantageous under adverse weather conditions. Presently available jacks further require the operator to remain in prolonged bent or squatting position to operate the jack which is not ergonomic to human body. It will give physical problems in course of time. Moreover, the safety features are also not enough for operator to operate the present jack. Furthermore, available jacks are typically large, heavy and also difficult to store, transport, carry or move into the proper position under an automobile. The purpose of this project is to overcome these problems. An electric car jack which has a frame type of design by using electricity from the car will be developed. Operator only needs to press the button from the controller without working in a bent or squatting position for a long period of time to change the tire.
1.5 ADVANTAGES
Checking and cleaning are easy, because the main parts are screwed.
- Handling is easy
- The loaded light vehicles can be easily lifted.
- No Manual power required.
- Easy to Repair.
- Replacement of parts are easy
- Cost of the equipment is high when compared to ordinary hand jack.
- Care must be taken for the handling the equipment such as proper wiring connection, battery charging checkup, etc.
As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-
- Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
- Difficulty in parts gathering: I found it too difficult when gathering electronics parts used for the prototype.
In the course of carrying this study, numerous sources were used which most of them are by visiting libraries, consulting journal and news papers and online research which Google was the major source that was used.
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of ""design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack) consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and fabrication of a motorized lifting mechanism (scissors jack)" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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