DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF A PYROLYSIS REACTOR
USER'S INSTRUCTIONS: The project work you are about to view is on ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''. Please, sit back and study the below research material carefully. This project topic ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''have complete 5(five) Chapters. The complete Project Material/writeup include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.Our aim of providing this ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''project research material is to reduce the stress of moving from one school library to another all in the name of searching for ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''research materials. We are not encouraging any form of plagiarism. This service is legal because, all institutions permit their students to read previous projects, books, articles or papers while developing their own works.
TITLE PAGE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: This work ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' research material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We made Preliminary pages, Abstract and Chapter one of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' visible for everyone, then the complete material on ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' is to be ordered for. Happy viewing!!!
Demand for plastic is increasing day by day which pose a tremendous threat to the environment.Pyrolysis process becomes an option to waste –to- energy technology deliver fuel to replace the fossil fuel. Afew options have been considered for plastic waste management for recycling and energy cycling technique.As a result plastic waste conversion into energy causes energy developed through innovation advancementand extensive research.Designandfabricationof a pyrolysis reactor which can be usedto convert the plastic into oilas aneffort infinding environment friendly means of waste recycling by means of plastic pyrolysis. In this effort we designanddevelop a minireactor setup forplasticpyrolysis to conversion plasticwaste into fuel.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3
AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5
SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- REVIEW OF BIOMASS PYROLYSIS
- MECHANISM OF PYROLYSIS PROCESS
- SOURCES OF BIOMASS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
- REVIEW OF PYROLYSIS TECHNOLOGY
- THE PRODUCTS OF PYROLYSIS PROCESS
- REACTORS EMPLOYED IN THE PYROLYSIS PROCESS
- REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
- BIOFUELS
- PYROLYSISOILS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM OPERATING PRINCIPLE
3.2 SELECTIONOFMATERIAL
3.3 DESIGN PROCEDURE
CHAPTER FOUR
- FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY
- BURNINGTESTOFPYROLYSISOIL
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCES
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Everyyearnearly500milliontonnesofplasticsareusedbypeopleandmuchofthatplasticendsupinthe environment harming marine life and other ecosystems. Plastics are non-bio - degradable material innature.Due to the population increase the demandfor plastic products assteady increasedover last10years. There are several methods for disposal of municipal and industrial waste as landfill, incinerationmaterialrecyclingandchemicalrecovery.Thesuitabletreatmentofplasticwasteisoneofthemajorfactors of waste management. This paper deals with objective of develop a mini reactor to convert plasticwaste into liquid fuel.
The main components of the machine: frame,shredding knife, filter, upper casing and mover. The shredded plastics went out through the filter and thenoutlet. The entire researcher utilized big reactorand pyrolysisi setup forconverting plastic waste into fueloil.But no one design and fabricate a prototype pyrolysissetup for plastic pyrolysis process.
Low density polyethylene,HighDensity Polyethylene,Polypropylene,PolyvinylChloride,Polystyreneandpolypropylenearethemainlyusedplasticsintheworld.Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) is used in the drinking waterpackaging. Plastics are derived from petroleum derivatives andit is considered to be difficult to decompose and so the plasticsareapollutant(air,landandwater).Theplasticsarethepotential problem in the future. Most of the places in the worldarefilledwithunmanageablesolidwaste. Low densitypolyethylene(LDPE)isusedasthecheapestmodeofpackagingthe materials.Immediately plasticsbecomemostpopularin almost all the communitiesbut unfortunately thishas led to new source of solid waste because of the LDPE hasextremely low rate of degradation. Similarly, amount of fueldecreasing day by day and a prevention method is needed toovercomethis fueldeficiency.Plastics are the widely usedingredientto producefuelbyapyrolysis process.
Pyrolysis is the chemical decomposition process of theorganic substances by heating externally which involves thesimultaneouschangeofchemicalcompositionandphysicalphase, and is irreversible. Pyrolysis is used in the starting of19thcentury whichis mainly consistsofchemical reaction.Thatis,takeplacebytheburningofallsolidorganicwastes likewood,cloth,andpaper,andalsosomekindplastic.Anhydrouspyrolysisprocessisanotherpyrolysisprocesswhichcanbeusedto produceliquid fuelssimilarto dieselfrom plastic waste. The pyrolysis process is the breaking orcracking of long chain polymer molecule of the plastics intoshorterchains through heat and pressure. That is,pyrolysisprocessisalmostequaltothe naturalprocessbreakdowncarbon into oil in the earth which takes millions of years innature. The pyrolysis process does this with the help of intenseheatinaclosedsysteminashortamountoftime.
In this workwedesign and fabricate a pyrolysis reactorfor conversion ofplasticinto fuel andenergyrecoveryprocess.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The amount plasticwaste is increasing whichresults in a chronic problem to the environment. In recent decades, there has been a dramatic increment in plastic consumption. Used plastic is one of the majorwastes in many countries including Nigeria.A lot of money is spent in land filling to process plastic wastes whichcan pose a threat to environment in long run. The incineration of plastic wastes leads to severe air pollution.Plastic pyrolysis process is a widely used technique to handle plastic wastes in many foreign countries. It is a newtechnology in Nigeria context. It involves melting plastic wastes, vaporizing them, condensing the vapor anddistilling to obtain fuel.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this study is to build a pyrolysis reactor which is on of the major components of the pyrolysermachine. The objectives of the study are:
- To develop a pyrolysisreactor prototype
- To evaluate the performance of a pyrolysis reactor
- To investigate the use of pyrolysis ofplasticwastetoproducefueloil.
- To produce liquid from biomass solidwaste bypyrolysisprocess,
- Toanalyzetheliquidproductobtainedfromthepyrolysissystem.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this work covers building a pyrolysis reactor which is the part where plastics are heated, vaporized and the vapor thus produced ispassed to shell and tube condenser for condensation. The liquid thus obtained is called pyrolysis oil and charremains in pyrolysis reactor as residue. The yields depend on various factors like plastic type used, crackingtemperature of plastic, rate of heating, operation pressure of reactor, type of reactor, residence time, use ofcatalyst, etc.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will serve as a means of reducing as well as reuse the plastic waste. This study will serve as a means of reducing air pollution cause by used plastics.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
In this paper plastic waste conversion into energy through innovation advancement and extensive research forrecycling and energy cyclic techniques were discussed. In this effort we design and fabricate prototype minireactor for conversion of plastic waste into fuel work. It is an environment friendly waste recycling by meansof plastic pyrolysis process. Portable, economic and easy to operation are the special features of this plasticpyrolysissetup.It can beimplementingin medium scaleindustryforplasticoilproduction.
5.2 Recommendation
However,theperformance of the system could be improved further, toproduce more reliable and better results. The followingrecommendationsaresuggestedforsuchimprovement.
- The process bed temperature would be easier tocontrolatuniformvalueifthesystemcouldbewellinsulated and supplied uniform rate of air by theblower.
- If only copper pipe is used for condenser, moreliquidyieldwillbecondensed.
- The consumption of expensive inert gas (nitrogen)was high. The gas product could be recycled asfluidizing gas. However, the effect of the use ofrecycling gas on the pyrolysis product yield andcharacteristicsshouldbestudiedfirst.
- The external heating system (heater) should beinsulatedtoreduceheatloss.
- Thepropertiesofdifferentproductsofthisresearchworkcanbefoundforcomparisonwithotherconventionalfuelsforalternativeuse.
- Finallyafterimplementingproduct-upgradingprocess,thefuelmaybetestedinaninternalcombustionengine.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' detector consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor''detector consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of ''design and fabrication of a pyrolysis reactor'' detector consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"
Do you want our Bank Accounts? please click HERE
To view other related topics click HERE
To "SUMMIT" new topic(s), develop a new topic OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE
Do you want us to research your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"
Do you have any question concerning our post/services? click HERE for answers to your questions
For more information contact us through any of the following means:
Mobile No 
:+2348146561114 or +2347015391124 [Mr. Innocent]
Email address 
:engr4project@gmail.com
Watsapp No 
:+2348146561114
COUNTRIES THAT FOUND OUR SERVICES USEFUL
Australia, Botswana, Canada, Europe, Ghana, Ireland, India, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Uganda, United States, United Kindom, Zambia, Zimbabwe, etc
Support: +234 8146561114 or +2347015391124
Watsapp No :+2348146561114
Email Address :engr4project@gmail.com
FOLLOW / VISIT US VIA:
