This project is based on a fully mechanized process where we have designed and fabricated a simple mechanism of road marking machine which sprays the paint on application of force. Here we use a mild steel frame which supports the whole arrangement. The clutch lever arrangement is provided for initiating the spring action and thus the spray of paint is actuated. In the ordinary conventional process, many heat energy is required and thus it is also a time consuming process. To reduce the effort of the human and to sophisticate the conventional process the use this machine is required. It can be used in city side rather than highway as it is useful and mainly aimed for solving the problem in the city roads because of its time consumption. The machine can provide an easy access to the people within the stipulated time. The main aim of this project is to save time and to reduce fatigue of the workers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT MOTIVATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT
2.2 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROAD MARKING
2.3 TYPES OF ROAD MARKING MACHINE
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 DESIGN METHODOLOGY
3.1 VARIOUS COMPONENTS INVOLVED
3.3 DESCRITION OF COMPONENTS USED
3.4 DESIGN OF SPRING
3.5 DESIGN CALCULATION OF VELOCITY OF LIQUID AT EXIT
3.6 DESIGN SPECIFICATION
3.7 SOLID WORK MODEL
3.8 DESIGN PROCEDURE
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING
4.4 COST ANALYSIS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Road marking machine is a mechanical device that makes road markings on the surface of highway, runway, parking lots to keep the traffic order and safety. Road marking machines usually can be divided into three categories: thermoplastic paint, cold paint and two-component paint type, depending on the coatings.
Depending on the coating, road marking machines can be divided into thermoplastic paint, cold paint and two-component paint type. Depending on the driving methods, road marking machines can be divided into driving type, self-propelled type and hand-push type. According to the construction efficiency, the driving type can be further divided into large type, medium type and small type.
Road markings are applied using thermoplastic material, cold plastic paint, heated paint and field reactive two component materials. Thermoplastic material is applied hot and sets on laying. It has good durability and is suitable for use on all roads. Cold plastics are supplied in single or multi-component forms. The product is laid on the carriageway and a cohesive film is formed by chemical activity. Regular paints, whether applied hot or cold, are formulated specifically to bond to the road surface, and hold glass beads that are applied immediately into the wet paint (for night time reflectivity). Regular paints are still used world wide and provide the fastest method for applying lines. These paints do not have the life expectancy of thermoplastics or field reactive materials.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The white markings in the road are the chemical process of heating, a new machine has introduced to separate the lanes. The normal road to be introduced to overcome the existing model. marking machine uses the very complicated These machines are used to minimize the heating of mechanism for the marking of the white lane the paint and spraying on the ground for fast marker. adhering to it. Thus a new method has to be
Marking of the divider line is considered as introduced to overcome the existing scenario, one of the most important work for highways Many factors play a role in the bane of the department. In early days twines were used for conventional machine. Thus these factors contribute marking lines on the roads. They use to pour the to the lack of accuracy and slow working in case of paints on the sides of the twines. Later this method long road, thus leading to traffic jams at times. The was developed by introducing templates which lead drawback in heating process is that it requires more to great paint consumption, more time and worker’s time. These factors were taken into account to fatigue. Prepare and fabricate a new machine.
In the conventional process almost it is considering all these difficulties and impossible for one person to mark the road by his tedious work methods, this project has been successfully brought into operation. The painting on the road surface and also gap between tracks is maintained automatically. This can be easily done by moving the marking machine in forward motion. This saves more time and energy. We also observed in one of the journal that, In recent years Public Works Department faces acute labour shortage problems and road stud installation adds up to it. Also manual installation consumes more time and are not efficient[1]. In one of the reference we have found that different materials are used for marking of different types of road surface. The aim of this work is to find out the compatibility of the different material used for road marking[2].
In the improved detection and marking paper the lane detection is based on Hough Transform. The pedestrian detection is based on Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG) which is the best method of people detector which is implemented here to avoid road accidents[3].With reference to the illuminating instruments in the roads for better visibility to the passenger, Road marking differs from other types of road equipment regarding the exposition to wear From tyres and ploughs. Furthermore, in headlight illumination, road markings are viewed in small observation angles, which means that solely a small part of The incident light is reflected back towards the driver. This fact implies a visibility problem; the lower the degree of retro-reflection of the road marking surface, the worse the visibility. This problem is especially pronounced in wet weather conditions, when the degree of specular reflection is high. Consequently, maintenance of road markings is important and must be carried out regularly, within short time-intervals especially in countries where studded tyres are used. In this connection one main problem is to decide when and where maintenance must be accomplished[4].
In the present era many road accidents occur due to the improper marking and the major factors that contribute to road accidents are due to negligence of the driver. Reducing the accidents on road is possible by improving the road safety[5].
1.2 AIM OF THE PROJECT
In this era of four and six lane highways, road markings play a vital role from the safety standpoint. They provide the best navigation aid to drivers for smooth and orderly movement of traffic. In addition, road markings indicate speed restrictions and warn motorists of potential hazards. The main objective of this work is to design a simple machine that can be used to perform this task on roads.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
This work relates to new and useful improvements in highway or street marking machines. At the end of this work, student involved will be able to construct a simple:
- Which may be manually operated by one or few men with a minimum of effort.
- Another very important objective of the invention is to provide a road marking machine which will function properly on irregular or inclined surfaces.
- Still another very important objective of the invention is to provide a road marking machine of the character described which is adapted to paint different widths of stripes on highways or streets.
- Other objectives of the work are to provide a road marking machine of the character set forth which will be comparatively simple in construction, strong, durable, reliable and economical in use, compact, light in Weight, and which may be manufactured at low cost.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
The purpose of this work is to define methods operating equipment, process technology of application thermoplastic road marking paint and fabrication of a mechanical road marking equipment.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Defining the construction of application thermoplastic roadliner white, yellow and method of melting and hot application on the road surface by spray or cover for the purpose of creating lines on the surface roads.
1.6 SINIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
These are solid lines along the side of the road. They indicate where the edge Is and can be used also as traffic guidance. These are solid lines along the side of the road. They indicate where the edge Is and can be used also as traffic guidance. An edge line which slants towards the centre of the road forewarns that the road is narrowed ahead. An edge line may be crossed only by traffic moving to and from the shoulder of the road.
White solid lines across the road are usually used to denote pedestrian's crosswalks commonly at intersections Vou must stop for pedestrians at cross walks.
1.7 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
This machine can be used in the following places such as:
1. Cross Walk: White solid lines across the road are usually used to denote pedestrian's crosswalks commonly at intersections Vou must stop for pedestrians at cross walks.A solid white line across the road, usually at intersection, show where you MUST stop for a GIVE WAV sign STOP sign or for red traffic light signal.
2. Pavement Messages: These are messages or symbols which are lettered or painted on the roads pavement to warn of conditions ahead.
3. Diagonal Lines: These are painted on the road for protection, to separate traffic or to prevent traffic from turning left.
4. Zebra Lines: These are used to indicate where pedestrians can cross the roads. Driver must stop for pedestrians that have stepped on the lines. In traffic queues leaves pedestrian crossing clear.
5. Lanes: These are spaces on the road demarcated by lines to guide traffic flow moving in the same or opposite direction. For traffic in the same direction the lines are normally yellow Lines separating traffic moving in opposite directions are usually white. The lines may be broken or solid, indicating whether or not they may be crossed. Usually broken lines may be crossed while solid lines are not expected to be crossed, Lane Rules: Keep between the traffic lane markings. Stay on the right-hand lane unless you are ready to overtake, to turn left or pass parked vehicles.
6. Changing Lanes: Do not wander unnecessarily from lane to lane. If you need to move into another lane, firsr use your mirror, if ifs safe to move over, signal before doing so. Making sure you will not force another driver to swerve or slow down. At Junctions Traffic Lights at Junctions Rail crossing Level Crossing with Gates Level crossing without Gates Work Zone Devices
1.8 PROJECT MOTIVATION
Marking white lines on road to indicate the lane is a tedious and time consuming process. Large human effort is needed in this. The machine available in market is large and costly. Thermal processes are involved in ordinary conventional machines.
This material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We make abstract and chapter one visible for everyone.
All Project Topics on this site have complete 5(five) Chapters . Each Project Material include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.
To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"
Do you want our Bank Accounts? please click HERE
To view other related topics click HERE
To "SUMMIT" new topic(s), develop a new topic OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE
Do you want us to research for your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"
Do you have any question concerning our post/services? click HERE for answers to your questions
You can also visit our facebook Page at fb.me/hyclas to view more our related construction (or design) pics
For more information contact us through Any of the following means:
Mobile No :+2348146561114 or +2347015391124 [Mr. Innocent]
Email address :engr4project@gmail.com
Watsapp No :+2348146561114
To View Our Design Pix: You can also visit our facebook Page at fb.me/hyclas for our design photos/pics.
IF YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH OUR SERVICES, PLEASE DO NOT FORGET TO INVITE YOUR FRIENDS AND COURSEMATES TO OUR PAGE.