DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF VERTICAL ANIMAL FEED MIXER
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This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
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This paper presents a vertical livestock feed mixer with spring-controlled packaging unit was designed, constructed and tested. The design computations to handle a 30Kg mass of feed. The machine was designed using proper material selection was done before the assembling and fabrication of parts. The efficiency of the machine, its associated cost of production and the product obtained after few minutes of mixing were outstanding, thereby, making the design acceptable and cost effective.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT
- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- TYPES OF FEED MIXER
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VERTICAL MIXER AND HORINZONTAL MIXER
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
- COMPONENT AND MATERIAL SELECTION
- MACHINE DESCRIPTION AND WORKING PRINCIPLES
- MACHINE DESIGN
- FABRICATION
CHAPTER FOUR
- TEST AND RESULT
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Mixing is one of the most important operations in manufacturing of animal feeds and mixer is considered to be the heart of feed milling operation.
The need for uniformity in a complete feed is a must in order to satisfy nutritional requirements of the animal to achieve growth, production and good health as well as to meet regulatory guidelines of food and drug administration.
Feed mixers are used in feed mills for the mixing of feed ingredients and premixes. The mixer plays a vital role in the feed production process, with efficient mixing being the key to good feed production. If feed is not mixed properly, ingredients and nutrients will not be properly distributed when it comes time to extrude and pelletize the feed, or if the feed is to be used as mash. This means that not only would the feed not have nutritional benefit, it would be bad for the animals that are eating it.
These mixers produce a very homogeneous mix of different ingredients used in feed industry. In this machine, mixing is performed by four curved blades clamped on main shaft which when revolve give continuous turbulent movement to the ingredients. Arrangement is given for direct addition of certain percentage of liquids, fats or molasses.
Vertical mixer has its shaft vertical which lifts the feed ingredients to the top and whirls it. Material then falls to the bottom cone and is again lifted. Process continues and a homogeneous mix is obtained. This mixer is suitable for mixing of dry ingredients only, as liquids are not mixed efficiently. We have made lot of modifications in this mixer for better mixing efficiency.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The idea of mixing various feed materials such as grains, feed supplements and other animal feeds to produce a homogenous mix ready for dispensing for animal consumption had being part of man’s activities since the creation of man. This has always been done using crude method such as hands, sticks etc, and this involves much labour and wastes most time. In this recent time, the advancement in technology has brought about the use of machines to perform the same function much faster, accurate and less energy consuming. It is for this purpose that the feed mixing machine has been designed.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to construct vertical animal feed which is a type of mixer that consists of one or more vertical screws which elevate the ingredients to the top of the mixer where they fall by gravity to the bottom, to be mixed and re-elevated.
Vertical mixers are the most common type found in small livestock feed mills. However, the vertical type is less well suited to aquaculture, poultry and fish feeds than the horizontal type.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
The scope of this project are to design a small feed fixing machine, to model and simulate the machine before production, to fabricate component of feed mixing machine based on design specifications and to test the machine after fabrication, while in designing and in material selection consideration was given to the tech-economic status of the micro scale industries who are intended users of the machine. Feed mixing machines are used in feed mills for the mixing of feed ingredients. The machine plays a vital role in the feed production process, with efficient mixing being key to good feed production. If feed is not mixed properly, ingredients and nutrients will not be properly distributed within a précised time.
Vertical feed mixer has one or two gearboxes depending on the augers and drive shafts. The mix is a lot more consistent with a vertical mixer. This is shown by better and more consistent gains in cattle and milk production. The vertical mixer will have less bunk sorting than a reel mixer due to a much more consistent mix.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
Vertical feed mixer which is often used to mixer powder feed, and it is referred to as vertical dry mortar blender. Power consumption, the small area, and the low price, high cost, very suitable for small-scale feed processing are all advantages of small vertical feed mixer.
The machine plays a vital role in the feed production process, with efficient mixing being key to good feed production. If feed is not mixed properly, ingredients and nutrients will not be properly distributed within a précised time. This means that the feed will not have even nutritional benefit would be bad for the birds that are feeding on the feed. Feed mixing machine comprises of a frame structure, the mixing chamber (a cylinder and cone structure) where other components such as electric motor, shaft and hopper are mounted on. The mixing of feed to form a uniform ration is a regular need on large stock poultry purposes. The mixing is performed by a vertical shaft which revolves continuously in a cylindrical cone suspended by an iron bar. The relative motion of the shaft about the frame (body) is achieved by the use of knuckle bearing. Mixing is done in the mixing chamber. The mixer is constructed to take a capacity of 30kg, but the excess capacity of 40kg was provided to take care of overloading .this machine was powered by 3hp power motor.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
Mixing uniformity of small vertical feed mixer is low which is the biggest drawback of the small vertical feed mixing equipment . The drawback is that the discharge is not complete, the remaining material will be wasted.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and fabrication of a vertical animal feed mixer" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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