DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DENSITY-BASED TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL WITH SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
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Traffic congestion especially at road intersections is becoming an issue for which road traffic users contend with daily. The conventional traffic light applies a fixed logic of allocating equal “GO” time to lanes of traffic at road intersections irrespective of the density of traffic on each lane. Using the PIC18F4550 microcontroller interfaced with infrared sensors, a new traffic light control system was developed to ease the flow of traffic at a particular troubled spot in Uyo Metropolis (Abak Road, Udo Eduok, Udo Obio streets intersection) in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Simulation of the proposed design was performed using the Proteus Software while implementation was carried out on a prototype. Performance evaluation of the prototype implemented showed that the 4 arrays (IR Transmitter and Receiver) of infrared sensors interfaced with the microcontroller using AND gates and strategically positioned to read the density of traffic on each lane at the intersection triggered when a vehicle comes between the transmitter and the receiver. Obtaining inputs from these sensors together with the logic from the microcontroller, a new traffic light control system was developed capable of controlling traffic based on the density of each lane of traffic. Results obtained from simulation and implementation of the design indicates that the traffic control system with the PIC18F4550 microcontroller and the infrared sensors gives a better performance compared to the conventional traffic light control system.
Keywords: Road traffic density, Traffic light, Uyo metropolis, ‘+’ road intersection, Proteus.
- INTRODUCTION
The constant movement of people from rural to urban areas in search of greener pastures has resulted in urban population explosion and over-stretched infrastructures. One of such over-stretched infrastructure is the road, a situation which has culminated to increased traffic. Although traffic lights have always been used for controlling the movement of traffic (pedestrian or automobile), traffic management in major cities around the world has continued to be a subject of concern. In an attempt to tackle the traffic management concern, various designs have either been proposed or implemented. The first of such installation dates back to 1868 [1-2]. Since then, modern day civilization has found application in its use for managing traffic in cities in the absence of traffic wardens or officers; though with innovations, changes have been made in signs, but the working principle for traffic and pedestrian control remains the same.
With the rapid growth in the population of our cities, the busy nature of our roads and the need to maximize one’s time, there arise a need for a more dynamic,
systematic and efficient traffic management scheme- one which seeks to reduce unnecessary congestion and lawlessness resulting from undue delays. It would be imperative that a new design be developed so as to enhance the flow and control of traffic using the density of vehicles on a particular lane by automatically assigning the left-over time in an idle lane to the lane with more traffic density, hence, reducing traffic congestion in those lanes and at the same time capture the vehicle license number plate of road users who disobey traffic using the surveillance system. The aim of this work is therefore to design a density based traffic light control system with a surveillance monitoring system using the technology which is similar to that of [1].
Studies have been carried out all with the aim of improving the traffic management system; [3] described the modeling and implementation of an advanced traffic signal controller within a microscopic simulation environment, MITSIMLab. The controller was designed with a generic and flexible logic that allowed it to simulate control strategies including both...
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and implementation of a density-based traffic light control with surveillance system" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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