Three-dimensional laser scanning of power equipment and facilities of electric power systems (power plants and substations) is a new high-tech activity of the 3D laboratory of the «Automated Power Systems» department of the Ural Power Engineering Institute, UrFU. Laser scanning allows providing full reproduction of topographic and geometric data of the power facility. The implementation of reverse engineering becomes possible on the basis of 3D scanning. Laser scanning of power facilities allows achieving the priority goal of obtaining a three-dimensional primary digital CAD-model and its drawings with high accuracy needed to meet the challenges of designing, construction, quality control, diagnostics and other engineering tasks. This paper presents in detail the methods and stages of laser scanning by the example of simulating (CAD-model creation) a 110/20 kV 40 MVA step-down power transformer.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The size and number of the substation constructed is substantially the same, so the 3D model of each sub- station is also substantially the same. Taking the construction of 3D model in Yinshui substation as an example, the construction content of this model mainly consists of four aspects: the primary equipment of the substation (including circuit breakers, transformers, disconnectors, voltage transformers, high-voltage switchgears and so on), the GIS equipment of the substation, the secondary equipment of the substation (including the protection equipment, the measurement and controlling device and the backstage and fire con- trol device) and the geological environment of the substation (including houses, roads and so on). The requirement of Party A is very demanding, so each wiring point in the model shall be embodied. The project mainly uses a removable terrestrial panoramic laser scanner to respectively acquire substation data from the inner chamber and outer chamber of the sub- station, and then constructs the 3D model of Yinshui substation through various data acquired. Due to the relatively large size of the substation and more com- plex facilities, the acquisition capability of the terres- trial laser scanner entirely affects the accuracy of the 3D model. According to the experience in the applica- tion of foreign laser data in the transmission network, the relative accuracy of the point cloud data is greater than 0.1m by using the laser point cloud for engineer- ing analysis of transmission lines. That is, the relative accuracy of the laser scanner must reach 0.1m, and the volume of the laser scanner must be suitable for put- ting on the movable device. The weight and volume requirement selected: The weight is required to be less than 30kg, and the volume is required to be smaller than 30cm*30cm*60cm. Safety requirement: Different wavelengths of laser beams emitted by the laser scan- ner may cause certain damages to the equipment in the substation. Therefore, according to the actual situation of the substation, the equipment shown in Figure 1 is selected... read more

1.1                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The main objectives for implementation of 3D design are improvement in quality of the deliverables as well as improvement in design efficiency. Further 3D model is used as base to develop 5D model that includes construction time schedule and cost estimation.
1.2                                                                  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
With 3D design, we configure substation as digital model of actual substation by using different components of the substation. This digital model is being used to generate 2D drawings, bills of materials (BOM’s), construction time schedule and costing together swiftly and automatically... read more.

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