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APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the research work, "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.

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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
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This paper detail the design and fabrication of a portable car tyre inflator to deliver compressed air athigh pressure (200kpa). The aim is to build a working proto-type of a portable car tyre inflator and test it forefficiency and effectiveness. The device has a mass flow rate of ṁ=7.09x 10-6 kg/s and a volumetric flow rate ofVD=3.55x10-2 m3/s. it was designed to pump a deflected non punctured car tyre in the shortest possible time of about3-5minutes. The tyre inflator device comprises a single cylinder reciprocating compressor, gear drive, a dc electricmotor, a dc battery of 12V 75A, transformer, etc. The device is to be connected to the car battery via the cigarettelighter socket provided in the car. The design consideration, analysis and calculation are based on therm odynamic principles of positive displace mentre ciprocity machine, strength and rigidity of theme chanical element.Thematerials selected for the design are so chosen in view of economy, light weight and compatibility for easy handling.The device was tested after fabrication and it was found to be very efficient in its performance. 10 car tyres wereinflated with the device and it was found that the time it took to inflate the tyres was with the time range of 3-5minutes, showing that it objective was achieved. The functioning of the compressor was appreciable in all the testsconducted delivering a volumetric efficiency of 0.85 about 85% which shows more air is been used in the piston compression stroke.
Keywords–Tyre,Inflator,MassFlowRateandVolumetricFlowRate.

                                                                                                                    
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
• ADVANTAGESOF PROJECT
• LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

• REVIEW OF THE STUDY
• ORIGIN OF CAR TYRE INFLATING SYSTEM
• ORIGIN OF CAR TYRE INFLATING SYSTEM
• REVIEW OF RELATED WORKS
• PNEUMATICSNEED OFCOMPRESSEDAIR
• SELECTIONOFPNEUMATICS
• PRODUCTIONOFCOMPRESSEDAIR
• RECIPROCATINGCOMPRESSOR
• CHARACTERISTICSOFCOMPRESSEDAIR
• CHARACTERISTICSOFPNEUMATICS

CHAPTER THREE
MATERIALS AND METHOD

• METHODOLOGY
• MATERIALSELECTION
• DESIGN SPECIFICATION
• DESIGN OPERATIONSEQUENCE
• THEDESIGNTHEORY ANDFORMULAE
• DESIGN CALCULATION OF THE RADIAL STRESSΔR, AND THE TANGENTIAL STRESSΔTIN THE CYLINDER
• DESIGN CALCULATIONSFORTHEDELIVERYPRESSURE

CHAPTER FOUR

• RESULTANDDISCUSSION

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1     SUMMARYANDCONCLUSION
REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER ONE
1.0                                           INTRODUCTION
1.1                              BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The automobile is one of the sectors that play a big role in theeconomics of all the countries of the world. Oneof the most critical problems of vehicle is thecorrectperformanceofthetyre.Making surethat tyres are inflated for the right amount ofpressure for the load being carried and for theright road condition can lead to preservation oftyres and this will generally result into optimal vehicle operation without any risk(Fowler et al, 2009).
Worthy of note is the fact that incorrect inflation of pressure in tyre affects vehicle handling, passenger’s comfort, braking conditions, reduction in fuel economy as well as tyre life span. Hence, there is a great need to pay serious attention to tyre pressure condition (Autos and Boats, 2014).
Wheel being one of the major parts of an automobile vehicle, comprises tyre and rim inwhich the tyre is filled with compressed air. Thepressure of tyre contributes significantly to the overall efficiency of automobile vehicles and must be kept with in the prescribed range.
According to America Automobile Association,80% of Vehicles have at least one under inflated tyreand when the pressure of the tyre is below 2psig than the ideal pressure, the fuel efficiency is reduced by10%(Mushirietal, 2016).
Inflation of tyres is done by the help of an air compressoral so known as inflator. An air compressor is a device that converts power into potential energy by forcing air into a smaller volume and thus increasing its pressure(Timothy, 2014).Finite Element analysis as a powerful and economic method has been used widely for Engineering designs(James, 2014).
The importance of Central Tyre Inflation (CTI)system which permits a vehicle operator to optimize tyre and vehicle performance by varying inflation pressures in response to changing operating conditions such as load being carried, road condition and vehicle speed while the vehicle is in motion was emphasized by(James, 2014).
Car tyres are the only part of the car that have contact with the road. Tyres are fitted on the rims and inflated(Fowler, 2009). Safety in acceleration, steering, cornering and braking depends on tyre’s contact with the road. There aredifferent types of tyres, ranging from radial ply to self-supporting run flat. These tyres must be kept at correctpressure for optimum performance. Driving over pot-holes, kerbs, pointed objects even at low speed can cause puncture which results inflat tyres.
However, when tyre pressure decrease it makes the car to be unbalanced, it also affects the speed of the carand cancause damage to the tyre.Therefore,the need to inflate the tyre whenthe pressure reduce cannot be over emphasized. Hence this work tends to proffer solution to drivers whose tyre pressure has reduced, especially when the place to volcanize the tyre is not close at hand.

2.2                                    PROBLEM STATEMENT
Often times, many car/ vehicle owners inflatetyres without a recourse to the recommended optimum inflation pressure for specific cars. Correct tyre inflation is of great importance notonly to service life of the tyre but also economic, handling characteristics and the safety of  thetyre and human life. Driving an under-inflatedtyre has serious negative consequences on tyre durability, steering response, directional stability,fuel efficiency which impacts on higher rolling resistance and low mileage.
Putting into consideration time factor and availability of a vulcanizer stand most especially while on a long journey is dangerous and time wasting, and it is obvious that the existing way of maintaining the pressure level of an automobile vehicle tyre is too tedious. The problem will be more complex and dynamic if the tyre pressure level can no longer sustain the vehicle in motion in addition to an already deflated spare tyre along an area where people do not live. The design presented in this work istherefore geared towards improving the efficiency of automobile tyres and reducing cost as well as time spent in looking for a vulcanizer stations whenever vehicle tyre got deflated.

1.3                                                    AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The main aim of this work is to manufacture a car tyre inflating system that has the capability toadjust the pressures in all four tires of a passenger vehicle toobtain the proper pressure for varying road/driving conditions.Specifically,the objectives are:

• To maintains the required tyre pressure
• The automatic system saveshuman energy & time in filling the air in tyres when they are inunder inflatedconditions.
• To builds a Low-cost system
• Improves fuel efficiency & tyre life: This system helps in less consumption of fuel and also improves tyre life by reducing chances of wear in tyre.
• To replace the traditional or existing means of inflating tyre

1.4                                                              ADVANTAGESOF PROJECT
There are many dangers to having under inflated tyres, because they are designed for use at the irrecommended pressure.Under inflation can lead to increased deformation in the tyre wall as it concentrates the load up on the tread shoulders, this reduces the amount of surface contact the tyre has with the road. This can have many consequences.

• Increased wear of the tyres treads which will lead to a higher chance of aqua planing in the wet.
• Reduced handling characteristics and a reduced control of the vehicle.
• Longer stopping distances.
• Higher chance of the tyre delaminating,which could lead to a sudden tyre failure.

Manufacturing this machine serves as a way of stopping these consequences.

1.5                                                              LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

• High capital investment
• In measurement of high pressures, cost of sensors is more.
• Higher temperature will affect the proper working of the sensors.

APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

The area of application of a car tyre inflating system is as below:

• AutomobileApplication
• Car Manufacturing Industry
• All two-wheeler application
• Allfour-wheeler applications

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CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" was reviewed.

CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.

CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work

CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design manufacture and testing of a car tyre inflating system" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.

 

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