ABSTRACT
Truancy on academic in secondary school is a situation in which students develop and show adverse attitude and behaviour to learning. They absent themselves from classes using unnecessary excuses such as in genuine sickness, fake suspension by the class teacher or school authority and involvement in sport activities. In this project, I have tried to find out the cause of the above problem in this particular school. This project and deals with what other authors said are the possible causes and solutions to the problems. To get the actual causes of this problem, oral interviews were conducted for various groups of people in the school and the community. Some causes of the problem of the study were identified; solutions and recommendation which the reader shall come across were highlighted. If the community and the government jointly implement the recommendations given, future occurrence of similar problems in Ikpoba Okha Secondary School Students can be averted.
The purpose of this project is to deal with the problem of truancy with particular reference to influence of peer group, inadequate school materials, poor feeding at home, poor meth0od of teaching, too much work in the morning at home before coming to the school etc. in Obia/Akpor Secondary School Students, In Obia/Akpor L.G.A Of Rivers State of Nigeria
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Truancy on academic in secondary school is a situation in which students develop and show adverse attitude and behaviour to learning. They absent themselves from classes using unnecessary excuses such as in genuine sickness, fake suspension by the class teacher or school authority and involvement in sport activities. Truancy can equally occur in a boring and boredom classes, harsh teachers who are difficulty to approach and in an unconducive school environment (Osarenren, 1999)).
The causes of truancy among secondary school students have been attributed to lack of writing materials such as pen, pencil, exercise book, recommended text books, school uniform and midday meal (Obe, 1998).
The government is also another major cause of student truancy. This is attributed to the fact that Government do not pay teachers regularly and most of their allowance such as leave allowance, sport and science allowance etc are being withheld, most teachers find it difficulty to be committed and dedicated to their primary duties of teaching.
When this occurs and the students do not find their teacher in the class, the next plan of action is truancy. It is common these days to see students roaming about in streets during school hours. Such act has often been followed by incidence of aggressiveness and other terrible negative actions.
Some parents due to the nature of their jobs, show nonchalant attitudes to their wards and as such, they grow up to be corrupt and aggressive hence getting nothing and giving out nothing. Most parents do give too much money to their wards thus contributing to their truant behaviours.
Also, with the breakthrough in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) which led to the emergence of Internet system in the World Wide Web. The use of internet system, though very beneficial to students, especially in the areas of research work as it provides them with a medium of Interaction with renowned scholars and authors whom they wouldn’t have ordinarily met in their life time. Conversely, internet system has equally contribution much to the promotion of truancy among secondary school students. This is because most students especially those in secondary school do abandon their lessons to visit Internet cafes thereby spending much of their valuable time and resource only to visit pornographic sites and some other sex related sites which will in turn ruin their lives thereby increasing the rate of immoral behaviour among youths in our society (Shyam, 2006).
The introduction of Internet use had denied students the chance of thorough research work as ready-made materials are readily found on the Internet. This makes them to lack the in-depth knowledge about the object of inquiry hence resulting to “educated illiterates” (Pam Willenz, 2006).
All these have drastically reduced the level of student’s academic performance in both Internal and external examinations. Below is a review of students performance on six subjects in west Africa Examination Council between 2000 to 2003 in one of selected secondary school in In Obia/Akpor L.G.A Of Rivers State of Nigeria
1.2 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The origin of truancy among secondary school students situated at Obia/Akpor L.G.A Of Rivers State of Nigeria. The schools In Obia/Akpor L.G.A Of Rivers are divided it names from the clan of origin in the early state, the population of the school were few but now they are vast. Today, among the students of the schools there was many truants and deviant behaviour has greatly hindered the progress of the schools generally. I have taken it up as a responsibility to find out the causes of the truancy and the way to stop the evil. This long essay on the causes of truancy is intended to take a critical look into one or the major rules that influence students to the truancy in secondary schools. Some of the truants students will go with their fellow students to indulge in watch video in their own resident.
Justice R. A. L. Ogbobin, said that broken homes are assess to truancy. Truancy is a great danger in a discipline school possibly the whole students in the school to delinquent. This is true because students initiative and don’t at the moment realized the consequences of their delinquency. The measuring of the truancy in the secondary school students, I shall be taking a random sample of the truants find out from that the cause of truancy from their homes, schools and the society they live. It is against this research in the solution of the above measure of truancy and not far fetch. The teacher should advice the parents of the students to provide the students with adequate or requisite school materials and also let parents know the problem if causes failing to do so, teacher should not bully on the students, because hinder the students backwardness. A student should be corrected by the teacher. The government should go further to make law to punish those couples whose home are broken leaving the children to play truancy.
It is against this background that this research work is structured to examine the factors and consequences (effects) of truancy on students of origin and destination which will be vividly focused on Rivers City. I shall finally suggest suitable measures that should help to reduce the evil.
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Over a long period of time the problem of truancy among students in secondary school a drift has been a serious one which generated a matter of concerns among scholars. This problem of truancy has militated against the goals and objectives setup by the parents and our educational policy makers for the education. The daily reduction of this students due to truancy in a school also creates a high rate of absenteeism this leads to the poor result of the students truancy can mislead some students to different kinds of crime of the following:
a. Stealing
b. Fighting
c. Understanding type of activities that are worthless
d. Using and bullying on people
In this research, my mere writing can not put a stop to the problem of truancy; but can do so by suggesting way to be carried out by the government and education authorities. A student may be naturally gifted if he becomes a delinquent in the school, he can not develop his innate potentialities to the fullest. Truancy is a common in the life of the students themselves their parents and in turn development of a nation.
1.4 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of the study include as follows:
- To examine the causes of truancy in secondary school students.
ii. To know the purpose why students exposed (indulge) to truancy.
iii. To investigate the leading factor to truancy among students.
iv. To put forward some recommendations on the effects of truancy in the life of the students.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study of the causes of truancy in the society is advantageous. As the evil can easily spread as wildfire, it should be stopped to avoid many students falling into it as victims. If the evil in our school and other similar sources, the students will have the assess to perform well in school activities. Any where the clever ones have the chance to go higher. Students are exposed to the pleasure of good loves of school environment where by they interact for the development of their society. Facing the solution of these crimes like lateness to school, serving as a bus conductor during school hours, hunting birds in the bush at the time they are supported to be in school, will be drastically there reduced.
This study will be based on the effect of socio-economic status of parents on the behaviour of students in secondary schools. It will help the teachers, parents, educational psychologist and administrators to understand better, why some students engage in delinquent acts.
It will also give suggestions on how parents and teachers could improve their social relationship with the students so as to provide more effective and realistic direction on the cultivation of accepted code of conduct and behaviour which are more appropriate and conforming within the society in question.
It will also help the government to as well know the causes and effect of delinquent behaviours among adolescent students with specific reference to parental socio-economic status and hence plan adequately for educational improvement.
Finally, this study and research finding will also be significant in such a way that it will serve as a pointer to other research who may be interested in the study.
1.6 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
a. What are the factors responsible for truancy in secondary school students?
b. What are the effects of truancy in the life of t he students in secondary schools
c. Why do the students so easily get involved in truancy?
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The focus and the coverage of this research work is on In Obia/Akpor L.G.A Of Rivers. The choice of the area is based on that fact that the area is the researchers place of on central origin and that the research is very conversant with the area. There is no doubt because the study will give a relative and reliable picture of this situation in other similar areas of rivers State.
ASSUMPTION
This research is designed to entertain many main and sub problems. According to P. O. Adeyomo assume that the following causes of truancy are common in the society which are:
a. keeping in a bad company
b. Uninteresting lesson of the teacher
c. Teacher as a truant
d. Lack of school materials
e. Failures to comply with school requirements
f. The students keeping awake near by all the right and does not get up early enough to prepare for school.
g. Laziness on the part of school students.
Although this study is restricted to the teachers and students. Because the investigator is interested in the factors in the school.
However, it is through this unexcused absence from school without legitimate or legal knowledge of parents, guardian or the school that truancy among students came into being. Conceptually, the term “Truancy” has been defined in various ways by different people and agencies such as counsellors, psychologist, sociologist, welfare Authorities and Educators in general.
Stoll (2002) defines truancy as “absence from school for no legitimate reason”. He went further to state that many students do skip either single class or even a full day school at least once during their academic career. This is because they may want to attend a special event, prepare for promotion night or simply take what is known in the world of work as a “Mental health day”. This Isolated incidence (truancy) is quite typical and likely to create problems which can lead to varied set of negative and even more dangerous consequences.
Peninsky (2000) wrote that when a child is a truant, it implies that he has been constantly absent from school for so many days, weeks or even moths. Truancy, he further explains is a deliberate absence from school for no medial or justifiable reason, with or without parental knowledge. Peninsky’s explanation of truancy agrees very well with the definition given in Collin’s English dictionary in which a truant is described as one’s absent from duty without leave especially children who absent themselves from school. In the same manner, Nwana (2004) explained truancy to include Intentionally absenting of oneself from school without permission, leaving without authorization and dodging of specific lesson periods.
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