INSTALLATION OF WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER
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Anautomaticregulatorsuitableforwaterlevelsensingandcontrolbought for the purpose of this study wasrealizedusingtheMC14066 integrated circuit.This enabled the entire circuit to function as a thresholddetector; thus working as an ON/OFF switch. The water level sensor was testedin real time application by using it to control the level of water in a tank fed by a singlephase0.5HPACpump.The installation performanceresultsindicatedthatthedeviceis quite simple for the desired operation, since it maintained the set maximum andminimum levels of 50 litres and 10 litres respectively, by switching the pump on or off asrequired.
Keywords: electroniccircuitry,waterlevel,integratedcircuit,control,regulator
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The process requirement in many industries,farms, hostels, hotels etc includes an overheadtank for water, which is usually fed through anelectric pump that is switched off when the tankis filled up, and on when it becomes empty.Assuch,themostcommonwayofknowingwhenthetankisfilled isbyobserving when it overflowsthe brim. Depending on the type of liquid beinghandled, the overfilling of such a tank could leadto heavy material losses ranging in the order ofthousandsofNairaperweek.Theselossescanbeprevented if the tank is regulated automaticallyby incorporating a feed-back control mechanism,which would be capable of tripping the pump onoroffasrequired.Althoughpumps equippedwith variable speed motors could be more efficientthan on/off mechanisms, the former are expensiveto procure and maintain, especially for small andmedium enterprises. Furthermore, commerciallyavailable water level sensors are expensive beingimportedintothecountryandassuchcannotbedeployedineveryhousehold.
Control systems are classified as open loop orclosed loop. In open loop systems a command isgiven to a system and it is assumed the systemperforms properly. A closed loop system, on theother hand, compares the result or output of thesystem to a desired output and takes appropriatecorrective actions.Closed loop systems therefore,generally exhibit more accurate performance butcostmoreandtendtobemoreunstable.
Control systems are also classified as sequential,continuousordiscrete.Sequentialcontrolsystemscauseamachineorsystemtogothrougha set series of operations. For instance, a sequential control system may remove the milking ma-chine when a cow is finished in a milking parlour, open the gate to let the cow out, close thegate after the cow is out and then let in the nextcow.Complexsequentialcontrol systems canbe analysed with Boolean algebra, truth tables,flowcharts or state diagrams.Contemporary sequential control systems may use programmablelogiccontrollers(PLCs)toallowthesequenceofcontrol to be modified in software rather thanrequiring hardware or connection changes. Continuous control systems are the usual subject ofcontrol theory analysis [1, 2, 3]. Such systemsare physical systems in which the input-outputbehaviour of the system can be described by ordinary differential equations in time. Many of thecomponentshavearelationshipthatcanbemodelledasaconstitutiveequationoftherelationshipof a through variable to an across variable.Forinstance, the current through an electrical componentorthefluidflowthroughanorificecanbe related to the voltage across or the pressureacrossthatcomponent.
This paper, therefore, dwells on the installation of a simple but effective feedback regulator for use in water level sensing andcontrol.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Looking at the water level controller sold in market today one will realize that it is difficult to detect how the installation of the device will be carried out. This study was carried out to make a clarification and provide an easy way of installing a water level controller.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this study is to carry out the installation of an already built water level controller. The objectives of the work are:
- To install an automatic switching circuit that can be used to control an AC water pump
- To make a cheap but efficient water level controller
- To automatically control the flow of water into the tank
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers installing an automatic water level controller that was bought in an electronics store. The installation was carried out by observing the terminals labeled according to the producer’s directives from the user manual.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study shall serve as means of making the installation of the water level controller installation easier for all readers of this work.
It will also serve as a means of becoming familiar with water level controller accessories.
1.6 APPLICATION OF THE STUDY
This study will be useful to the following categories of people:
- All electrical and electronics students
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of ''installation of water level controller'' is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of ''installation of water level controller'' consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on ''installation of water level controller'' was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of ''installation of water level controller'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of ''installation of water level controller'' detector consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of ''installation of water level controller'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of ''installation of water level controller'' detector consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of ''installation of water level controller'' is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of ''installation of water level controller'' detector consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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