PERCEPTION OF OSOGBO RESIDENTS OF MASS MEDIA CAMPAIGN AGAINST CHILD TRAFFICKING IN NIGERIA (A STUDY FRESH FM,OSOGBO, OSUN STATE)
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TITLE PAGE
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APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "perception of osogbo residents of mass media campaign against child trafficking in nigeria (a study fresh fm,osogbo, osun state)" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
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Trafficking in persons has been an age-long practice at both local and international levels and this has gained international attention with the ‘Protocols to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons especially Women and Children’ which is also referred to as the ‘Trafficking Protocol’. This United Nations’ instrument has evidently removed the practice from the local to international domain of operation and therefore has become an issue of universal concern. However, the signing and domestication of this protocol in municipal laws of member countries particularly in Africa has not impacted significantly on the practice as cartels of human traffickers keep erupting even as the battle turns fierce against them. This paper peruses the causes of trafficking in persons, its dynamics and the media engagement in the fight against the scourge. In carrying out the study the researcher used survey design method, while questionnaire was the instrument of the study. Simple tables and percentages were used in analyzing and presenting the data collected. A total of two hundred questionnaires we given out to the mass media audience and one hundred questionnaires were issued to the mass media practitioners. The response rate of the mass media audience was one hundred and eighty. The data collected was analyzed to determine their responses. The response favourable and in support of the role of the media against child trafficking and abuse was analyzed and it was discovered that most of the victims of this ugly vices were from impoverished homes. This study proffers some peace building suggestions for the involvement of the media in the fight against human trafficking .
Keywords: child trafficking, Mass Media, Human Smuggling, Mass Media campaign.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certificate page ii
Declaration iii
Certification iv
Abstract v
Dedication vi
Acknowledgement vii
Table of contents vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the study
1.6 Research Questions
1.7 Delimitations / Limitation
1.8 Operationalization/Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Conceptual review
2.2 Conceptual Review
2.1.1 Human Trafficking
2.1.2 Human Smuggling
2.1.3 Consequences of Human Trafficking/Smuggling
2.3 Theoretical review
2.2.1 The Fight against Human Trafficking in Nigeria
2.2.2 The Media 2.2.3 Types of Media Interventions
2.3 Empirical review of the study
2.3.1 Role Expectations of the Media in child TraffickingCHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research method
3.2 Research design
3.3 Research sample
3.4 Measuring instrument
3.5 Data collection
- Data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Discussion of findings
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
References
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In Africa, it is difficult to extricate trafficking in persons from the communal culture of Africans which makes a child a communal possession. The family is widely extended and can include all that belong to a tribe or even an ethnic group where all claim common descent. It is common place therefore for a child to live with an uncle of a hard to trace familial connection and enjoy paternal love and care from such. At the same time, such a child might be subjected to severe conditions in form of child labour under the supervision of such an uncle. Whatever the case might be, the parents are supposed to appreciate the ‘benefactor’ and nothing to the contrary. An exposure to adverse condition early in life is supposed to strengthen the child and prepare him for the challenges of the future. The Yoruba would say, ‘Omo a fi’se wo ni ndagba, omo a fi oju ojo bi ko to gege’. This culture has inevitably lent a hand to the child trafficking phenomenon in Africa.
On the other hand, in the West, the industrial revolution of the 16thC ignited a huge demand for labour- particularly cheap labour. This quest led to the Slave Trade that lasted over three centuries- 16th-18th C (Wikipedia) when young African young men and women were carted away to Europe and the Americas. This crop of young, virile and healthy males and female Africans were made to work on their masters’ plantations under coarse conditions with their women and girls subjected to rape and other crimes to humanity.
Before the slave trade, British Kings, Earls, Lords and Bourgeoisie had retinue of servants working in their households at the mercy of their masters’ whims and caprices. This culture is not alien to other civilisations in the world even in Africa.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
I beat every sound minded Nigerians imagination why such act like child trafficking that is akin to slavery should continue after more than 200 years since slavery was stopped all over the world. Unfortunately, Nigeria has been indicted as a transit point irrespective of efforts of the media, government and non-governmental bodies towards finding a lasting solution to the change.
The exploitive and slave like conditions meted out on young persons under the age of seventeen is better described as cruelty to the Nigeria child. This indecent and ungodly act-should not strive. In Nigeria if the provision of the United Nation Conventions in 2000 and the Nigerian 1999 constitution is something to go by given the abuse emotional trauma and neglect the child in Nigeria undergoes, one can therefore agree that an average Nigerian is not much aware of the child right bill.
Several publication have been made by the Nigerian mass media concerning children that are continuously abuse and trafficked to foreign countries and within the nation in deceit for trafficking. Based on this premise, this research will further explain the danger the scourge portends and the need for all hands to be on deck for the mass media campaign on anti-child trafficking to be a success. Also we cannot continue to allow undesirable element to destroy the destinies of our children.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The nefarious act of child trafficking is no longer news in the country. Also to say that Nigeria is a catchment ground and as well as dumping point for child traffickers cannot in anyway raise eyebolt. No one can ever deny the fact that child abuse is on the increase in Nigeria. Based on these issues, government bodies and good spirited individuals are expected to take the bull by the horn to motivate, encourage and participate directly on the Nigerian mass media role in the anti-child trafficking campaigns. However, the main aim of this study is to determine the perception of Osogbo residents of mass media campaign against child trafficking in Nigeria using Fresh FM, Osogbo, Osun State is the case study.
Objectives of a study call for ways to address these under listed steps with a view to find lasting solution to this menace. Objectives of this are:
a) To look inwardly as to discover the things that has impeded the Nigerian mass media anti-child trafficking campaign.
b) To appreciate and explain the Nigerian mass media role in their anti-child trafficking campaign as well as,
c) Identifying and addressing the root cause of the scourge.
d) The study should also ascertain the government and non-governmental bodies’ effort in this campaign.
e) And to suggest some other measures that would be of help to the media in their quest to eradicate the scourge.
f) To investigate the level of ignorance exhibited by some media claimants.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCES OF STUDY
The study tends to provide information on child trafficking in the country. Also the need to address the Nigerian mass media encumbrances in their bid to fight the menace.
The research will be of immense help to guardians, parents, and children the nation and the entire world. The causes and measures to tackle these mysterious vices will be treated.
The study will help people understand how ungodly the menace is and the bad image it has created to Nigerians especially at times like this when the country is leading a crusade on re-branding the image of the nation.
The work among other things will go a long way in protecting the destinies of our children and the research shall serve as a referential material to other researcher who would like to embark on similar research work in due course.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1) What are the mass media roles in the anti-child trafficking campaign in Nigeria?
2) Are the Nigeria mass media effectively carry out their anti-child trafficking campaign?
3) Have the Nigerian mass media live up to expectation so far?
4) What are the factors adversely impeding their effort in their anti-child trafficking campaign.
1.6 DELIMITATIONS / LIMITATION
The study will be restricted to the role of Fresh FM, Osogbo, Osun State mass media in the anti-child trafficking campaign in Nigeria. The study is limited to Osun State alone due to financial and time constraints. At any rate, the problem encountered in the cause of this research is getting of reports and materials on the Nigeria trafficking campaign and how to source out other relevant data.
Be that as it may, the research was able to obtain material from the press, books, and internet and media outlets.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONCEPT
PERCEPTION: Perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information or environment.
MASS MEDIA: Sources of information and news such as newspaper, magazine, radio, television, internet, films that reach and influence the attitude and opinions of large people.
ANTI: Something a person does not agree with or accept
CHILD TRAFFICKING: The illegal sending away of children to foreign countries and within the country. Child abuse: It is a crime that harms a child in a physical, sexual or emotional way.
CAMPAIGN: A series of activities that is well articulated planned and organized to achieve or accomplish a particular goal.
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