REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION IN HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE
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TITLE PAGE
REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION IN HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE
BY
---
--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
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Transmission systems are becoming increasingly stressed because of growing demand and because of restrictions on building new lines. However, most high voltage transmission systems are operating below their thermal rating due to such constraints as stability limits. This study deals with modelling and simulation of SVC (TSC-TCR) in power System with variable load for Efficient Voltage regulation. The effect of reactive power compensation has been analysed with and without SVC. Simulations of the SVC were carried out for A.C. transmission lines in MATLAB Simulink platform. Simulation results prove that the SVC is capable for Efficient Voltage regulation with proper reactive Power support.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
- REVIEW OF THE STUDY
- NEED OF REACTIVE POWER
- IMPORTANCE OF PRESENT OF REACTIVE POWER
- PURPOSE OF REACTIVE POWER
- EFFECTS OF REACTIVE POWER IN VARIOUS ELEMENTS OF POWER SYSTEM
- FACTS CONTROLLERS USED IN REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION TECHNIQUES FACTS
- REVIEW OF COMPENSATING TECHNIQUES
- APPLICATIONS OF FACTS
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
- THEORY OF STATIC VAR COMPENSATOR (SVC)
- MODEL SYSTEM OF SVC
CHAPTER FOUR
- SIMULATION, RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Reactive power management has become a most challenging task in power system operation and management. Some of the characteristics of the power systems and their loads can deteriorate the quality of the supply. The deterioration can be corrected by compensation that is by the supply or absorption of an appropriately variable quantity of the reactive power. However, most high voltage transmission systems are operating below their thermal rating due to such constraints as stability limits, on an alternating current power system voltage is controlled by managing the production and absorption of reactive power [4]. A reactor or a capacitor stores the reactive power generated by the ac power source during a quarter of a cycle and returns the same power to the source in the next quarter cycle. In other words, the reactive power oscillates between the source and the reactor or capacitor at a frequency equal to twice the rated value. However in nature, most of the loads are inductive loads absorbing reactive power and resulting in low lagging power factor [3]. So the compensation for these problems can be provided by means of connecting the capacitors of different ratings along the lines. However, the voltage at the receiving end in the transmission end is allowed to vary between the range of ±5% which further restricts the transfer of the reactive power. Load compensation is the management of the reactive power to improve the quality of the supply in ac power systems [5]. The voltage can be controlled by providing reactive power control margin to modulate the supply needs through the following compensations as given below:
- Shunt compensation.
- Series compensation.
- Dynamic compensator.
Any device which is connected in series or parallel with the load and which is capable of supplying reactive power demand to the load is called reactive power compensation device. Major industrial loads for ex: Induction furnace, Induction motors, etc., needs reactive power for their operation. Reactive power cannot deliver effective mechanical power output unlike its counter real power because the reactive power is utilized as active power which is achieved by providing reactive power compensator at load end [4].
To provide stable, secure, controlled, high quality electric power on today’s environment and to do better utilization of available power system capacities Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) controllers are employed to enhance power system stability [2] in addition to their main function of power flow control. The Power electronic based FACTS devices are added to power transmission and distribution systems at strategic locations to improve system performance. FACTS are a family of devices which can be inserted into power grids in series, in shunt, and in some cases, both in shunt and series.
1.2 PROBLEM STAEMENT
In the last two decades demand of power is increasing rapidly but we have limited resources of power generation resulting transmission line getting heavily loaded and facing stability, voltage sag, reactive power issues. With growing demand and constrained and weak power systems in Nigeria, we need to find the means to improve the power transmission capability within acceptable power quality limits. Reactive power compensation (RPC) offers the most economic means to do so.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to study the theory of reactive power compensation. The objectives are:
- To study shunt and series capacitor banks and flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) as option for optimizing transmission and distribution systems.
- To carry out a simulation on reactive power compensation using Static Var Compensator (svc)
- To Increase power flow capacity
- To provide stable, secure, controlled, high quality electric power in our high voltage transmission line.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study will help the student involved to understand the effect of reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line. It will also helps in design and operational reactive power planning for the voltage and reactive power management.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study covers the study of the effect of reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line using Static VAR compensator. Static VAR compensator was used because it improve s system stability, reduce losses, maintain the line voltage variation within limits and better utilization of equipments.
1.6 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "reactive power compensation in high voltage transmission line" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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