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TITLE PAGE
THE IMPORTANCE OF CARTOON IN NEWSPAPER JOURNALISM
BY
---
---/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" by ---, Reg. No. ---/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of contents vi
Lists of Tables vii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background to the study 1
- Statement of the problem 5
- Objectives of the study 6
- Research Question 6
- Significance of the study 7
- Scope of the study 8
- Operational Definition of Terms 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Theoretical Framework 10
2.2 Conceptual Framework 12
2.3 Research Study Review 20
CHAPTER THREE
Research Methodology
3.1Research Method 22
3.2 Population of the Study 22
3.3 Sample Size and Sampling Techniques 23
3.4 Instrumentations 23
3.5 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument 23
3.6 Method of Administration of the Instrument 24
3.7 Method of Data Analysis 24
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Analysis Of field Performance 25
4.2 Analysis of the Demographic Segment 25
4.3 Analysis of Data on the Research Question 28
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary 37
5.2 Limitations to the Study 38
5.3 Conclusion 39
5.4 Recommendations 40
References 42
LIST OF TABLES AND ILLUSTRATION
Pages
4.2.1. Distribution of the Respondents by Age 25
4.2.2 Distribution of the respondents by Sex 26
4.2.3 Distribution by Marital Status 27
4.2.4 Distribution by Academic Qualifications 27
4.3.1 Do you like cartoon in Newspaper 28
4.3.2 Does cartoon play any role in the 29
communicative life of its audience?
4.3.3 How functional will you rate cartoon as 30
a means of communication?
4.3.4 Does cartoon messages change one’s 31
view towards an event
4.3.5 Does the message channel its audience 31
attention to the desired motive
4.3.6 Do you prefer cartoon illustrations 32
as easy understandable to written words
4.3.7 Do you prefer cartoon to written words 33
because of its entertainment value
4.3.8 Do you prefer cartoon to written words 34
because it’s more actionable and requires
few words description.
4.3.9 Is cartoon generally accepted as a 35
means of communication in newspaper
journalism.
4.3.10 how extensive is cartoon illustration being 36
used in newspaper journalism.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Essential, communication is the root of world creation. It is the basic of human existence living and interrelating. It is also the socio cultural system of the people of the world. According to Mac Bride (1981 pg 3) says “Communication maintains and animates life, it is the motor and expression of social activity and civilization. It creates a common pool of ideas, strengthens the felling of togetherness through exchange of messages and translates, reflecting every emotion, and need from the humblest task of human survival to manifestation of creativity or destruction”.
Communication cements our social interaction with other people. It is a living mechanism which links together any organism but when there is a breakdown in communication, the organisms also breaks.
The need for communication is at least tantamount to the need for information. By getting people informed of the happenings in other part of the country and the globe, newspaper helps to broaden the people’s horizon and in this corollary serve as a force of cohesion or as an internet for binding together the different human communities.
It is therefore, not debatable, to say or to conclude that it is this dynamic attempt to inform the people and broaden their horizon through newspaper; which has over the years brought about the use of cartoons, pictures and other illustrations to supplement and complement the printed or written words.
Thus, it has been observed that not only written words serve as a means of conveying information to the general public. Some other means have been closely observed, these have brought about the inception of “Cartooning as a means of communication or especially in newspaper journalism.
With these observations, it has made us to carryout research on the “Importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism”.
Cartoon, according to chambers twentieth century dictionary, is “a comic or satirical drawing commenting on current events or politics”. Viewed from what it does rather than what it is, cartooning may be summed up as “graphic”.
Cartooning reflects social attitude and provide a vehicle through which people can voice feeling for which there is no socially acceptable or easy accessible outlet.
It provides a vehicle for expressing man different kinds of attitudes. It dramatically cuts through defenses, conveys, collective surreptitious approval or disapproval tackles taboo subjects and expresses ideas very simple and compelling. The purpose of cartooning is not totally different from Harold Lasswell’s functions of the press summed up this surveillance, correlation and transmission of cultural heritage.
Cartoonings, for example are basically meant to bring about social changes, most times combine other functions such as education information and entertainment.
In summation, cartoon is a good sample of an illustration in newspaper and as an illustration, it gives aesthetics to newspaper pages.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Over the years, cartooning has been serving as a means of communication. Once inner most feelings on a particular issue is expressed through cartoon illustrations, but in the main time, it has been observed that cantoon treatment has been relatively poor as it is regarded as thing for the children because it contains much of drawing, sketches and gesture illustrations.
Hence, this study is set to fact find through research reason (s) behind this notion and therefore, suggesting a tentative solution to the problem.
1.3 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study is to access the importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism as a journalistic tool used for communication and how affective cartoon messages are to its audiences.
1.4 RESAERCH QUESTIONS AND HYPHOTHESIS
The importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism research questions are as follows.
- What impact does cartoon play in newspaper?
- Are cartoon messages properly understood by it audiences?
- Why do some people prefer cartoon illustration to written words?
- To what extent has cartoon been accepted?
In this study, those above questions will be answered through research in other to ascertain the time importance of cartooning to newspaper media outlet and the role it plays as a communication tool.
1.5 SIGINIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this research is to assess the importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism. The benefit of this study is of great importance to both the print media and the reading public. This will help to encourage none introduction of canton illustrations in their daily publication therefore will serve as an avenue for discussing matters of national interest.
Hence, will also help to broaden the Readers knowledge on the importance of cartoon.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study focuses its attention on the importance of cartooning in newspaper journalism on Kwara state college of Education, Ilorin.
In this study, questionnaire method is adopted as instrument to be used in collection of data. 100 respondents are selected to be the total number of population to be studied.
The research is carried out between February and July 2013, making a total of 6 months.
1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS
In this research study, these are the key terminologies used that is, the key words.
Journalism: This term refers to an act in mass communication that deals mainly with gathering, reporting and dissemination of information’s that is news worthy.
Cartoon: This means drawing, sketching or making gesture illustrations of a thing in a funny way that is either entertaining or enlightening.
Newspaper: This is a set of large printed sheet of paper containing news articles, advertisement etc. published on a daily base.
CHAPTER TWO
PRIMARY THEORY
Priming refers to enhancing the effect of the media by offering the audience a prior context. A context that will be used to interpret subsequent communication. The media serves to provide the audience with standard and frame of reference.
Agenda setting refers mainly to the importance of an issues; priming tells us whether something is good or bad, whether it is communicated effectively etc. The media has primed the audience about what a news program looks like, what a credible person looks like and so on.
Hence, cartooning also performs priming theory as it is used to reflect and change public opinion or how opinion should be shaped…
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "the importance of cartoon in newspaper journalism" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
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