TRANSMISSION LOSS MINIMISATION IN DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
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DECEMBER,2018
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The epileptic power supply from the national grid due to instability is a concern to energy consumer. This instability in power supply experienced in power distribution network could be minimized by introducing Optimized Genetic Algorithm (OGA). It is achieved by characterizing 33KV distribution network, running the load flow of the characterized 33KV distribution network, determining the distribution losses from the load flow. Load flow for the network reconfiguration problem was formulated as single objective optimization problem. The optimization model was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK and validated on standard IEEE 13-bus and 25-bus distribution test feeders. The result shows that active power increases by 91.1% (1.6469p.u.) while the power loss reduced by 99.4% (1.6372p.u.) for 13-bus system. For 25- bus system, active power increased by 27% (0.9154p.u.) and power loss reduced by 96.2% (4.3074p.u.) after optimization. The results provide solutions to the power distribution system for the optimal switching scheme for network reconfiguration with improvement in active power of the system. Total real power loss was minimized according to the corresponding fitness values of the genetic algorithm solutions. The study provides technical information that could help in the future expansion and operation planning of the power distribution network.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF THE STUDY
2.2 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
2.3 NETWORK RECONFIGURATION IN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
2.4 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION
2.5 LOSSES IN POWER SYSTEMS
2.6 THE NIGERIAN ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
2.7 FACTORS AFFECTING THE SYSTEM LOSSES
2.8 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
3.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION
3.3 DISTRIBUTION LOAD FLOW CALCULATION METHOD
3.4 SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION FOR THE NETWORK RECONFIGURATION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION AND REFERENCES
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The primary objective of Power Systems design is to operate the systems economically at maximum efficiency and supply power on demand to various load centers with high reliability. The rising electric power demand in the 21st- century, has called for re-structuring of the electric power system. The restructuring is in two aspects – one is the technical aspect and the other the Management aspect.
Electricity consumers are increasing their demand for quality power supply more than what we had three years ago. It requires a modern technique to contain the situation. The growth of electricity demand is increasing rapidly which will require techniques or methods to enhance loss reduction in the distribution network. Many authors have proposed many types of ways to achieve a considerable reduction in power losses causing power outages. A closer review of known methods will be considered in the subheading below to see which of the techniques could reduce system energy loss and alleviates distribution congestion, as well as improving voltage profile a good method should be able to enhance reliability and provides lower operating cost. Distribution means the electric power from transmission being distributed to the final consumers in a safe and reliable manner.
Power loss rate is an essential comprehensive index to measure the technical management and operation management levels of power supply enterprises. Since the power loss of the distribution network occupies a considerable proportion in the whole power system, the loss reduction modification of the distribution network has always been the critical work for power supply enterprises to improve their economic operation. Thus, loss reduction optimization for the distribution network is a vital problem for power supply enterprises (Leite et al., 2018).
Loss reduction strategies of a distribution network can be mainly divided into management and technical strategies. Since the management strategies are primarily related to human factors, the primary task of power supply enterprises is to optimize the power loss management system and standardize the power loss management process (Anthony et al., 2009). Thus, the technical strategies of loss reduction are mainly taken into consideration in this paper.
The focus of this report is on the application of a suitable solution of the power flow problem for the determination of technical losses and the feeder reconfiguration – an optimisation technique for distribution systems which aims at minimising technical losses already determined in the system. Typically, every distribution system originates at a substation where the electric power is converted from the high voltage transmission system to a lower voltage for delivery to the customers.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
In recent year, electric power demand has increased drastically due to superiority of electric energy to all other forms of energy and the expansion of power generation and transmission has been severely limited sequel to limited resources, environmental restrictions and lack of privatization as can be found in the developing countries such Nigeria. No matter how the power system is designed, losses are unavoidable and must be minimized before accurate representation can be calculated. This work studied a means of transmission loss minimization in distribution network.
1.3 AIM OF THE STUDY
This paper is aimed at using Optimized Genetic Algorithm (OGA) to improve loss minimization in 33kV Power Distribution Network in southern Nigeria.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
Frequent tripping of feeders and protective devices resulting in power failure as well power losses from copper conductors had become an endemic problem, therefore, the objectives of the study are:
- To carry out a mathematical analysis of losses that occurs in electric power system.
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To derive loss formula, loss factor, use of system parameters for evaluating the system losses, the differential power loss.
- To Improve Loss Minimization in 33kv Power Distribution Network Using Optimized Genetic Algorithm.
- To use the line parameters to run the load flow of the characterized 33kV distribution Network in order determine the distribution losses.
- To minimize the determined losses in 33kV short transmission line (50kM).
- Design a SIMULINK model for improving loss minimization in 33kV power distribution network using Optimized Genetic Algorithm (OGA).
- To justify the percentage of loss reduction in improving loss minimization 33kV power distribution network without and with Optimized Genetic Algorithm (OGA)
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- What do you mean by losses on power system?
- What is the cause of power loss in power transmission?
- What are the effects of losses in transmission lines?
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study was carried out to address the problem of power loss in distribution system. The solutions proffered would enable improved response, first to efficiently manage the available energy and also to grow the industry for the good of the nation.
The scope of this study covers studying power loss in a power system and to design a SIMULINK model for improving loss minimization in 33kV power distribution network using Optimized Genetic Algorithm (OGA). Finally, validating and justifying the percentage of loss reduction in improving loss minimization in 33kv power distribution network without and with optimized genetic algorithm.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The distribution system is the most visible part of the supply chain, and as such the most exposed to the critical observation of its users. It is, in many cases, the largest investment, maintenance and operation expense, and the object of interest to government, financial agencies, and associations of concerned citizens. This study throws light in how electrical distribution system’s loss can be minimized In order to increase the efficiency of the distribution electrical networks. In this study, we are able to learn how to minimized electrical lose in the system.
1.8 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of loss minimization in power distribution system is to improve their reliability, efficiency and service quality.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "transmission loss minimisation in distribution network" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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