WORKPLACE MISCONDUCTS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OYE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
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TITLE PAGE
WORKPLACE MISCONDUCTS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF TEACHERS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN OYE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF EKITI STATE, NIGERIA
BY
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--/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "workplace misconducts and professional ethics of teachers in secondary schools in oye local government area of ekiti state, nigeria" by ---, Reg. No. --/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
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Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This study was carried out in the aim of providing solutions to professional misconduct and ethics among secondary school teachers in Oye local government area of Ekiti State. To achieve this, the study adopted a survey research design method. Structured questionnaire was used for data collection.280 teachers were studied in the area. Mean rating was used to analyze the data collected. The findings of the study showed that there are several professional misconducts and ethics on the side of the teachers; these misconducts have negative effects on the academic development of the schools and the students. The study concluded that if strong measures are not taken by the government and other stakeholders, the schools will end up a place where children receive bad training instead of good one. Based on the findings, the study recommended that government should ensure that teachers are thoroughly screened for academic qualification and otherwise before they are employed for teaching; rules and regulations should be made to guide the school teachers, and must be applied all the time; the quality of teachers performance must be checked at the end of every term through the academic performance of the students. This will help to ascertain the level of teacher’s commitment during the term; and there should be regulatory bodies in the school that monitor the activities of the school. The presence of these bodies will make the teacher refrain from unprofessional activities in the school.
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENT
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
- LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
- DEFINITION OF TERMS
- PROJECT ORGANISATION
2.0 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 CONCEPT OF PROFESSIONAL MISCONDUCT
2.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK VIRTUE ETHICS THEORY
2.3 EMPIRICAL REVIEW
2.4 ETHICS OF THE TEACHING PROFESSION
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 STUDY AREA
3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
3.4 POPULATION OF THE STUDY
3.5 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING METHOD
3.6 PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 RESULT OF DATA ANALYSIS
4.2 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
QUESTIONAIRE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Professionalism is the integral part of education at any level: from basic to higher level of education. The advanced learner dictionary defined a professional to be somebody who is connected with a job that needs special training and skill or one that needs a high level of education. While misconduct means unacceptable behaviours by a professional person or bad management. A professional misconduct can be said to be one that practices his profession beyond its authorized scope. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with the theory of value. The ethics of the teaching profession are the moral beliefs and rules about right and wrongs that influence teachers behaviour, attitude and ideals.
Teachers are seen as educational professionals who impart knowledge on the students. A teacher, to a student, especially at the basic level, is the next person after his/her parents who they must listen to and obey their instructions. It suffices to say that a teacher contributes a great percentage of what a child knows and believes; and the child, to a great extent, will surely uphold this training received from the teacher even till adulthood. This makes the job of a teacher to be more than ordinary teaching and writing, but includes good conduct which a child can emulate and which does not negate the golden rules of teacher’s professional conduct. Nwoko (2017) explained that a teacher’s job line does not stop at the students who are placed under his care; it extends to the teacher teaching himself the necessary good conducts that will speak for him even in his absence. However, in some schools today, some teachers are found to carry out activities and behaviours that are against the professional etiquette of teaching. This jeopardizes the future of the students who are learning from such teachers, and development of the school which is a training ground for future leaders. Many scholars have clamoured against the continued professional misconduct of some teachers and its reflection in the development of the society. The reflection here is majorly noticed in the habits that are being displayed by some youth today which can be traced to what they learnt during their school days (Hall, 2015). Some of the professional misconducts found in some teachers include absenteeism from school and lesson, lateness, non-preparation of lesson notes, failure to mark students exercise books, non- completion of school records such as diaries, registers, student results, involvement in examination malpractices, illegal collection of fund from parent and students, unapproved study leave, drinking, drug taking and sexual immorality, etc.
As stated earlier, ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with the theory of value. The ethics of the teaching profession are the moral beliefs and rules about right and wrongs that influence teachers behaviour, attitude and ideals. In most communities in Nigeria, there are some known, acceptable (social) norms that appear taken for granted as ethics in teaching. These acceptable (social) norms are of two categories. First, moral ethics such as honesty, loyalty, discipline, not smoking in presence of students and in public places, not drinking alcohol in the presence of students and in public places, dressing neatly and decently to school, sexual comportment and punctuality. Secondly work ethics such as continuous learning, regular preparation of lesson plans, serving in loco Parents of students, regular assessment of learners, reporting on learners, being cooperative with other teachers at work and obedience to authority. These are social norms that must be transmitted from generation to generation and the teacher being a facilitator of learning must not send a wrong signal. It is in realization of this critical attributes of the teacher that the Federal Government of Nigeria had taken steps towards professionalization of teaching and teacher registration to sift the “weeds from the tars”. In the same vein, the Teachers Registration Council (TRC) prepared a code of conduct for teacher (TRC, 2004) for wide circulation. This code of ethics is examined in the next section.
According to Enamiroro (2018) these are serious threats to all levels in the educational system, because teachers are the professionals, entrusted with the responsibility to conserve the future and destiny of the nation. The need to tackle professional misconduct and ethics in the schools, especially in the secondary schools cannot be overemphasized as this is the formation stage of every student; hence whatever misconduct a teacher shows in the school affects the student’s academic and moral development.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The teacher belongs to a special class (sub-group) saddled with the responsibility of molding the child into a functional adult that will contribute to national development with the following qualities; knowledge of the subject matter being taught far ahead of that of the pupils; professional skill or know-how to awaken a child’s interest in what is being taught and to enkindle in his pupils a love of learning and a good moral character. According to Green (2016) teachers are role models as well as educators in the classrooms and even outside the classroom. In other words, a teacher's actions, beliefs, sense of humor, self-discipline, and bearing are all lessons that are presented to students throughout the education experience (Ebert, 2013). In the school settings and even at the society level, teachers are highly trusted and considered to be role models in school and in the community. Teachers, therefore, are the key element to ensure that learners are supplied with relevant skills, knowledge, values, and attitudes. Therefore, achievement of quality education abides within their maintaining the ethical standards of the teaching profession. Despite all the values, qualities and importance given to teachers, still professional misconduct among teachers is an alarming problem all over the world (Barrett, 2015). For example, Williams and Lebrun (2019) report that in New York state the number of professional misconduct accusations against educators between 2010 to 2017 increased to about 134 cases involving teachers and other school employee into sexual acts and other improper relationship. However, this spate of professional misconduct found in the habit of some teachers today are alarming and contribute immensely to the poor development - both in academic and structure - found in many schools today. This unhealthy situation, by extension, affects the academic achievement of the students and their moral upbringing in the society. Teachers are trusted and given the responsibility of not only teaching students in the classroom, but also shaping appropriate student behavior. This cannot be achieved if teachers themselves behave unethically towards their profession. This study therefore attempts to proffer solutions to professional misconducts in our secondary schools today, using the Oye educational zone as a case study.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of this study is to provide a solution to teachers’ workplace misconduct and professional ethics among secondary school teachers using the Oye education zone as a case study. Specifically, the objectives of the study are to:
- Identify the teachers’ workplace misconducts and professional ethics prevalent in secondary schools school teachers in Oye local government area of Ekiti State
- Determine the effects of teachers professional misconduct on the academic development of secondary schools Oye local government area of Ekiti State
- Identify the solutions to the problem of teachers misconduct and abuse of professional ethics in secondary schools in Oye local government area of Ekiti State
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study will be useful to the government, school management, teachers and future researchers.
To the government, the study will provide them with practical materials on the causes of teachers’ workplace misconduct and abuse of their professional ethics and their effect on the school system.
School management will find the study very relevant in that it will educate them on the effects of teachers’ workplace misconduct and abuse of their professional ethics on the academic activities of the school. It will also provide them with solutions to these problems.
The study will also be useful to the teachers in that it will enlighten them on the conducts that are not expected of a teacher. The study will also educate them on the consequences of workplace misconduct and abuse of professional ethics on the defaulted teacher.
Future researchers will find the study useful in that it will provide them with materials on the solution to professional misconduct among secondary school teachers in Oye local government area of Ekiti State. The study will also serve as a reference material to those who are carrying out a research on the same topic or any related one.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions will guide the research.
- What are the workplace misconducts and abuse of professional ethics found in secondary schools school teachers in Oye educational zone, Ekiti state?
- What effects does teachers’ professional misconduct have on the academic development of secondary schools in Oye educational zone, Ekiti state?
- What are the solutions to the problem of teachers’ professional misconduct in secondary schools in Oye educational zone, Ekiti state?
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H1: there is significant relationship between secondary school teachers and academic performance of students.
H2: there is no significant relationship between secondary school teachers’ workplace misconduct and academic performance of students.
H3: there is significant relationship between secondary school teachers’ professional ethics and academic performance of students.
H4: there is no significant relationship between secondary school teachers’ professional ethics and academic performance of students.
1.7 LIMITATION OF STUDY
As we all know that no human effort to achieve a set of goals goes without difficulties, certain constraints were encountered in the course of carrying out this project and they are as follows:-
- Difficulty in information collection: I found it too difficult in laying hands of useful information regarding this work and this course me to visit different libraries and internet for solution.
- Financial Constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
- Time Constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Misconduct: unacceptable or improper behaviour, especially by an employee or professional person.
Workplace: Workplace is a communication tool that connects everyone in your company or organisation.
Professional ethics: Professional ethics encompass the personal and corporate standards of behaviour expected by professionals.
Academic Performance:- High output or understanding of lesson taught which are achievable in the long run or short run goal. This was to be carried out through test and examination.
Learning:-Bringing out changes behaviour of a person as a result of experience brought about by person motivation, interest, thinking activity external factors (direct instruction incidental experience, reading, discussion. etc)
1.9 PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work, chapter two presents the literature review of the study, chapter three describes the methods applied, chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.
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