In the present automobiles the number of facilities is much higher. The driver has to concentrate on road while driving, and with increased traffic, things get frustrating. The features in the car like GPRS to trace the route, music system, air condition system etc may drive away the attention of the driver. Thus an effort has been made to reduce the effort put by driver in controlling the speed of the wiper and put more concentration on his driving. Since this system is put into use in many higher end cars and has been successfully working, an effort was made to reduce the cost of the system so that this system can be implemented in common economic cars where a common man can also enjoy the benefits. In section II, the detail explanation about designing aspects of the system is given. In section III the working procedure of the system is given.
Vehicles are now available with driver-programmable intelligent (automatic) windscreen wipers that detect the presence and amount of rain using a rain sensor. The sensor automatically adjusts the speed of the blades according to the amount of rain detected. The battery supplies the power to the sensor as well as rain operated motor. Wiper motor is automatically ON during the time of rainfall. The senor is fixed in the vehicle glass. The conductive (Touch) sensor is used in this project. It senses the rainfall and giving control signal to the control unit. The control unit activates the wiper motor automatically. This operation is called “Automatic rain operated.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Windscreen wiper removes rain and debris from a windscreen. Almost all motor vehicle, including trains, aircraft and watercraft, are equipped with such wipers, which are usually an essential requirement. A wiper generally consists of an arm, pivoting at one end and with a long rubber blade attached to the other. The blade is swung back and forth over the glass, pushing water from its surface. The speed is normally adjustable, with several continuous speeds and often one or more "intermittent" settings. Most automobiles use two synchronized radial type arms. It takes a lot of force to accelerate the wiper blades back and forth across the windshield so quickly. In order to generate this type of force, a worm gear is used on the output of a small electric motor. The worm gear reduction can multiply the torque of the motor by about 50 times, while slowing the output speed of the electric motor by 50 times as well. The output of the gear reduction operates a linkage that moves the wipers back and forth. Inside the motor/gear assembly is an electronic circuit that senses when the wipers are in their down they are parked at the bottom of the windshield, and then cuts the power to the motor. This circuit also parks the wipers between wipes when they are on their intermittent setting. With drivers exposed to an ever increasing number of distractions, automatic rain-sensing wiper. systems become an even more appealing feature, as they work to minimize the time the driver must take his/her hands off the wheel. These systems detect droplets of rain on the windshield and automatically turn on and adjust the wiper system in accordance to the level of precipitation. Current rain-sensing systems use an optical sensor to detect the presence of water on the windshield, and relay wiper control data to the vehicle's body control module (BCM). Unfortunately, these optical rain sensors suffer from a small sensing area, are prone to false-positives, and are too expensive to be included as standard equipment in most vehicles.
Over the past two decades, the automotive industry has aggressively researched ways to exploit modern computing and electronic advances in the development of safety, reliability, and entertainment technologies. Despite this, automatic rain-sensing wiper systems are relatively uncommon in modern vehicles for a number of reasons. They are often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles. Many attempts have been made at constructing an effective, reliable, and cheap rain detection and wiper control system for vehicles speed and intermittent interval automatically according to the amount of rain. To measure the amount of water usually use optical sensor. In this type of sensors uses the fact that the refraction angle and the amount of reflection of the light are different when the windshield is wet. Even though optical sensors are used widely they have some disadvantage. One of disadvantages is the sensitivity to external light. Another problem is occurs when car drive at night or gone through tunnel and even in underground parking. For this many systems still activate the wiper when the car comes out of tunnels or underground parking lot. Another shortfall, maybe a major one is that the sensing area is a relatively small portion of windshield. Hence the system operates only with limited area. The wiper system may fail to activate when there are some raindrops on the driver’s line of sight, but not on the sensing area. They are often too expensive, too unsightly, or too unreliable to be desired in new automobiles Slave system collects the information about like amount of rain, temperature, moisture from sensor and from various other unit. This information sends it towards mater for father processing. Master analysis that data and take a decision and make logic. The decision include at what speeded the wiper motor rotate, and check whether there is any change in outer and inner temperature if there is small changes then no action to be taken, and if there is vast changes in temperature then which will automatically make the response to the presence of moisture and according adjust that temperature and remove moister inside car windshield.
For this a comprehensive study of sensors, actuators and mechanical design was done. Development of hardware module and the software has progress. The basic method used for designing the circuit is that a rain level sensor will detect the amount of rain and give the signal to the controller.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
This objective of this work is design a Wiper motor that is automatically ON during the time of rainfall. The senor is fixed in the vehicle glass. The conductive (Touch) sensor is used in this project. It senses the rainfall and giving control signal to the control unit. The control unit activates the wiper motor automatically.
1.3 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
- It is used in four wheeler
- It is used in aircraft
- It is used in train
- It is used in six wheeler
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This wiper system reduces cumbersome wiper operation and improves driver’s level comfort. It will give a new dimension of comfort and aid to the drivers who work at night and traffic prone areas where they already have to concentrate on brakes and clutch. Other significance includes:
- Low cost automation project.
- Free from wear adjustment.
- Less power consumption.
- Operating principle is very easy Installation is simple.
- It is possible to operate manually/automatically by providing On/Off switch
Sensor cost is very low due to the use of conductive sensor.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
Additional cost is required incase optical sensor is used. This system applied in the case of water falling on the glass only.
1.6 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to rain operated wiper. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of rain operated wiper were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of rain operated wiper. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
RELATED TOPICS/MATERIAL
1]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A WATER LEVEL INDICATOR
2]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER USING 89C52
3]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A WATER LEVEL INDICATOR WITH SINGLE 7 SEGMENT LED DISPLAY
4]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A RAIN OPERATED WIPER
5]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A RAIN DETECTOR (ALARM)
6]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A DARK ACTIVATED ALARM
7]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF LIGHT SENSITIVE ALARM
8]. THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AUTOMATIC FENCE LIGHT CONTROLLER
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