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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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A battery charger is an electrical device employed for charging batteries. These batteries that are usually charged by battery charger are the storage batteries also known as “accumulator” the battery charger changes. The alternating current forms the power line into d.c suitable for charging.
When the battery is fully changed, is up to it’s maximum, 12 volt, the charger with automatically stop changing with the help of the contact relay, the transistor and the zener diode when bend the current back to the system, and the system have the ability to indicate when the battery is charging or not, when the battery is empty or fully charged.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRCT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
- LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
- ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATIC CHARGER
- FEACTURES OF AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER
- STORAGE BATTERY/METHOD OF CHARGING
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 REVIEW OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.3 REVIEW OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
2.4 REVIEW OF CHARGER UNITS
2.4.1 SUPPLY UNIT
2.4.2 THE RECTIFYING UNIT
2.4.3 THE SMOOTHING UNIT
2.4.4 THE REGULATOR AND REGULATED
2.4.5 D.C CHARGING UNIT
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4 SYSTEM OPERATION
3.5 DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED
CHAPTER FOUR
RESULT ANALYSIS
4.1 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.2 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.3 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.4 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATIONOBSERVATIONS
4.6 DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED ON THE SYSTEM
4.7 COST OF PRODUCTION
CHAPTER FIVE
- SUMAMRY
- CONCLUSIONS/SUGGESTIONS
5.3 REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
A battery charger is an electrical device employed in charging batteries that are usually charged by battery charges are the storage batteries also known as “accumulators”.
The charger is made up of various electrical and electronics component which for the purpose of clanty are group into your basic unit they are:
The power supply units
The smoothing circuits
The regulating unit and
Regulated D.C charging units
A Battery charger comes in various designs and voltage. The choice of a particular and of charger that depends largely int eh size of battery or battery or batteries which on mterds to charge the mini battery changer could be used to charge batteries whose voltage ranges from 6 – 12 volts. The bigger battery changes are for batteries with voltage ranging from 12 – 48 volts. These are the heavy duty batteries.
The battery charge is built in such a way that it delivers a constant value of d.c current into the battery it is charging in the opposite direction from which current flows on the batteries during discharge one cannot successfully design a battery charge with out a fundamental understanding of the accumulator because it also makes up the operation.
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objective of the project is to design a device that will recharge 12v car lead acid battery when discharged, a battery charger that will shut off the charging process once the battery attains full charge. This prevents overcharging of the battery so that, the charger can be left unattended.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This device charges 12v acid battery mainly, however, if the output voltages are adjusted can be used to charge battery of lower or higher voltages. Apart from charging batteries, this device can also be used as a battery level monitor due to the battery level feature it contains.
1.4 ADVANTAGES OF AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER
The main advantages of this battery charger over other chargers is the ability of the charger to indicate battery charging levels and also the ability to stop charging when the battery is fully charged and resume charging when the battery level drops below the set level.
1.5 FEACTURES OF AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER
Features of automatic battery charger are as below:
- Automatic battery charger has an indicator to indicate when the battery is fully charged
- It has a manually operated switch that is used to ON and OFF the entire system.
- It consumed less current but generate high current to the load.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 SUMMARY
Having carefully selected the entire component that are required for the construction of the charger and built according to the circuit diagram we were able to design and construct a workable battery charger.
This charger is not designed for battery whose emf is beyond 12 volts; otherwise the charge output voltage will not be sufficient to carry out any meaniful charging operation.
As with any charger it must be housed in a clean environment and operations should be by will trained individual.
Protective materials should be worn while charging batteries to avoid danger to health as a result of the gassing from the battery as the gas are highly inflammable.
5.2 CONCLUSION/SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT
In the implementation of this project what has proved most difficulties is the selection of the right value of components some were using two diode (the maraine value), in order to have a perfect full wave rectification, we made use of four diodes and the and a functional portable battery is been designed and constructed.
The charger is very single to use, ever to a Longman all he needs is just a little instruction and it will be accustomed to its method of working.
There is still further improvement demanded from use, mostly in the area of building a work complex and functions charger that could charge cells of higher voltage that might ranges to 48 volts and be able to charge move that two or three battery at the sometimes having more that one terminal.
No doubt, the design and construction of this portable charger. Gas thrilled us in order to make things works. In fact, this actually performed us to take even challenges to this kind of coincidence and commitment.
Due to the possibility of this, it has surely put smiles on the face of most people like some motorist who has long been finding it difficult charging there own batteries at their homes and at their convenient time.
DESIGN PICTURES
Mounting picture of the device is as shown below:
the assembling into the casing followed as shown below.
12v battery charging voltage of 13.6v as shown in the figure below:
The complete picture of the device after construction is as shown below:
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a 12v automatic car battery charger with full voltage cutout" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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