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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Power generation and distribution has been an indispensable factor in the progress of an economy, ranging from manufacturing, banking, media, health care, aviation, etc. Environmental pollution which leads to degradation or depletion of ozone layer is one of the major problem caused by the use of generator with fossil fuels. Increase in the cost of fossil fuel which has been one of the major prime movers in the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been noticed. This can be accounted for based on the rapid decrease in the level of oil well. Hence, there is need for development of a power generating set that will not make use fuel to produce voltage. This study deals with the design, construction and performance evaluation of 1000W (1KVA) fuelless power generating set to serve as an alternative source of energy. The materials used for the project work include 24dc motor, alternator, connecting shaft, coupling, 24V/75Ah battery, charging panel (Transformer, diode, and capacitor), and frame.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM STATEMENT
- AIM OF THE PROJECT
- PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
- SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
- PROJECT MOTIVATION
- BENEFIT OF THE PROJECT
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
- PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
- REVIEW OF THE STUDY
- REVIEW OF THE RELATED WORK
- DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL GENERATOR AND FUEL-LESS GENERATOR
- REVIEW OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
- OVERVIEW OF DC MOTOR
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
3.1 BASIC OF THE SYSTEM
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM BLOCKS
3.3 MATERIALS USED
3.4 SYSTEM METHOD AND OPERATION
3.5 CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES
3.6 DESIGN PROCEDURE
3.7 DRAMATIC SETUP OF THE SYSTEM
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 TESTING AND RESULTS
- CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
- CASING AND PACKAGING
- ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
- TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
CHAPTER FIVE
- CONCLUSION
- RECOMMENDATION
- REFERENCES
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The exert nature of electricity is not known but investigation indicate that it consist of small negative charge called Electron, when this electron are standing still we have static electricity” and when they are forced to traveled a movement of electron they are called “Dynamic electricity. Power generation and distribution has been an indispensable factor in the progress of an economy, ranging from manufacturing, banking, media, health care, avaiation, etc. (Ulaby, 1999). It has however been proved that power skyrocket the productivity of a country.
Since power has been defined by Knight (2004) as the rate of doing work; this simply means that the productivity of a country will largely depend on the availability of power from different source. Thus, Hassen (1989) cited in Ulaby (1999) states that majority of the problems of Nigeria is traceable to the erratic power supply nature of the country, where many activities has been paralyzed due to the power outage. Analysis has clearly showed that Nigeria loose up to about N220 Billion annually, due to the unstable nature of the country power supply which has poses a threat, hence reducing the capacity of industries to increase productivity (James,2005).
Environmental pollution which leads to degradation or depletion of ozone layer is one of the major problems caused by the use of generator with fossil fuels (Ajav, 2012). Other problem includes land and water pollution, noise pollution, increase in price of fossil fuel year in year out, among others. The famous Faraday energy generator can be modified for perpetual electrical current maintenance (Adiyat et.al, 1993). The basic components the fuelless engines consisted of are a set of fast spinning discs placed between two electromagnets. But this scheme could never maintain current indefinitely, because the disc electrical charge is weak to withstand the opposing resistance of the conductor.
Practically, the effective working fuel-less generator have to be built by each material that have one thousand times the electrical conductivity of copper could generate and maintain self-sustained current. It is suggested that increasing disc rotation to incomprehensible velocity or huge component geometrical enlargements would have the same effect too (Taufik, 2005). It is necessary to spin discs with the super-rapidity required to generate self-sustaining electrical current.
The fuel-less engine usually runs very smooth and quiet and the best part of the design is that it is free from air pollution, since there is no emission of dangerous gas like Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon-dioxide (CO2), etc. The speed are adjustable or can be built to run at one speed with engine which does not run on any type of gasoline, oil or other combustible fuel. The free electrical energy produced by the fuel-less generators is replaced back into the motor and reused by the motor (Maini, 1998). Heavy electrical machinery that starts automatically or remotely generally makes use of contactors which rely on an electromagnetic force to close them to start the machinery. This force is created by an electric coil placed in the center of a laminated steel core. These coils are typically designed to operate at fairly low voltages, ranging from 110 volts to as low as 12 volts. As these machines themselves typically run on far higher voltages, this creates the need for a separate control voltage feed. Instead of having to run separate cables or install extra sets of bus bars, it is far simpler to use the main circuit voltage and step it down with a control transformer to the appropriate control voltage (Wisegeek, 2013).
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Fuel generator causes Environmental pollution and produces smoke which leads to degradation or depletion of ozone layer and the smoke affect human health, is one of the major problems caused by the use of generator with fossil fuels (Ajav, 2012). Other problem includes land and water pollution, noise pollution, increase in price of fossil fuel year in year out, among others. All these problems led to the idea of generation electricity that produces no noise and smoke – fuelless generator.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The aim of the work is to create a generator which can generate electricity without using any fuel.
The objectives are as follows: -
- To setup the system prototype
- To provide efficiency, steadiness in the use of power appliances, by ensuring continuous availability of power supply in the cause of main outage during an execution of an important or urgent assignment. Thereby enabling the department meet up with its office duties even when central power is not available.
- Reduce load on the National grid that turn to be reduce the overall energy consumption dependency on the main energy supply in the country
- Decrease customer utility bill on energy utilization because of its non-fuel consumption, low price and maintenance cost as compared to the convectional sources of power supplies within International and Local market.
- Again, reduce carbon discharges and subsequently reduce global warming particularly in a period when poor climatic change has become a threat to human survival and life in general to all living creatures hence an ever increasing concern to control it.
The main purpose of the project is to build a portable generator which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, without the use of any fossil fuel.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Fuelless generators and generator that continues to produce power hours after it has been put off is finally here. This fuelless generator, called advanced hybrid needs no fuel, needs no oil, needs no mechanic, environment friendly and makes no noise. Fuelless generator is a revolutionary portable generator which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, without the use of any fossil fuel. The Fuelless generator can power multiple electronics with the same energy as if they were plugged in the wall outlet.
1.5 PROJECT MOTOVATION
Fuelless generator is a generator that does not use fuel or other liquids (water, oil, diesel) and air for its mixture and burning. But, don’t conclude yet in saying that if not liquid, then it’s a solar inverter. No, it’s not because even our common house hold gasoline generator comprises of electrical and mechanical parts. But in solar inverter, we have mainly electronic components. This fuelless generator has few parts, simple, user serviceable, free from air pollution because it does not burn any air/fuel mixture anymore. Sound reduction by 70percent from our normal generator is maintained, that means you can even power it on in your room just by pressing a switch.
1.6 BENEFIT OF THE RPOJECT
This device solves the problem of:
- Business’ failure due to inconsistent power supply and high cost of energy
- Environmental pollution from emission of gases from generating sets and noise pollution from generators.
- Total absence of adequate power supply to effectively run businesses
The introduction of FUEL LESS GENERATOR replaces the conventional source of power (fuel generator) we hope to; Help small scale business’ to Save up to 40% of their daily expenses. Reduce carbon emission by 30% through the use of fuel less generator Create employment/job opportunities.
1.8 PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT
In this country, Nigeria, just like most developing countries in the world, we are faced with the challenges of light disruption. Continuous spending on fuelling and maintenance of our fuel generator, but now let’s look at another alternative. Converting a fuelled generator into a fuel less generator and it has a low maintenance cost, these generators give 24hrs of electricity as long as you want to use them. Though in the earlier days of this invention a problem was encountered and this problem is that when the battery that powers the generators goes down the output voltage of the device will start dropping until when it will not be able to carry the alternator again.
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions were drawn from the design, construction and performance evaluation of 1000W (1KVA) fuel-less power generating set;
i. It can be deduced that the machine (fuel-less power generating set) had the peak efficiency of 89.1% at a load of 100W and the lowest efficiency of 56.4% at a load of 600W with voltage output of 131V.
ii. It was also revealed that there is a decrease in the output of the machine when there is a high increase in the load.
iii. After proper statistical analysis, the machine is said to have an average efficiency of 56.4%.
iv. The input voltage which is usually supplied by the battery ranges from 11.68V at load of 1000W to 12.67 at 0W for fuel-less power generating set compare to 10.3V at load of 1000W to 12.63V for power inverter. This can be accounted for due to the fact that fuel-less generating set has self charging component while the inverter system depends on main source (PHCN or Power Generating Set) for recharging the battery.
v. Furthermore, the voltage output in the power inverter system is more stable than that of fuel-less power generating set as inverter system records output voltage which ranges between 146.8V at 1000W and 241.8V at 0W against the fuel-less generating set that recorded 28.24V at 1000W to 225V at 0W respectively.
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the design, construction and performance evaluation test conducted on the fuel-less power generating set, the following recommendations were made for further study.
(i) In order to obtain a good performance characteristic, a voltage well above 24V battery voltage should be used to power the power generator.
(ii) Design of special d c motor, alternator and transformer for the purpose of construction of fuelless power generating set has to be encouraged by engineers in society in order to have clean and renewable energy especially for agricultural production.
(iii) The appliance can be adopted and made available for use in agricultural establishments.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and construction of a fuelless generator" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a fuelless generator" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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