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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This work is on a three phase auto monitoring and switching system. The system uses phase sensors to monitor the voltage in each phase. The microcontroller is in charge of all the control operation in the system and takes intelligent decisions based on the analysis. The decisions of the microcontroller are used to control the operation of the power circuit from long distance wirelessly by using GSM module. GSM Module is used to notify the user about the status of the input and output voltage so this system provides fully automatic monitoring.
Key Words: GSM MODULE, 3ф power supply, CURRENT SENSOR, ATmega328, SMS alert
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page i
Certificate page ii
Declaration iii
Certification iv
Abstract v
Dedication vi
Acknowledgement vii
Table of contents viii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
1.2 Statement of the problem
1.3 Aim and objective of the project
1.4 Limitation of the problems
1,5 Applications of the project
1.6 Definition of terms
1.7 Methodology
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Review of electrical phases
2.2 Review of three-phase electric power
2.3 Review of related studies
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY
3.1 Block diagram description
3.2 System description
3.3 System flowchart
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Installation of the completed design
4.2 Construction procedure and testing
4.3 Testing of system operation
4.4 RESULT
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations
References
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The unstable power supply in Nigeria has been an issue of great concern to the dwellers [Agbetuyi et al, 2017]. This retards development as well as negatively affects other realms of life in general. As a measure to overcome this, the use of generator has been adopted by the general masses. At the time of the power failure, manual change over from mains to generator imposes a lot of challenges which needs solution [Agbetuyi et al, 2017]. These challenges include the physical need for the presence of a person for switching on and off the generator with the accrued inconveniences of staying awake, phone calls or climbing down and up the stairs to start or off the generator.
Other challenges include cost in running of the generator not knowing that power has been restored and the risk of electric shock. Different technologies have, however, been designed and implemented for the purpose of overcoming the above listed challenges. Unfortunately, these technologies still pose different short comings which still need solution. The design and implementation of a three phase auto monitoring and switching system aim at overcoming the above limitations as well as adding other necessary features.
Industrial automation is necessary in today's world. Automation minimizes human efforts. Our time is well used because of automation. Production is fast growing. Due to automation, the cost is reduced. Earlier, when we are talking about automated devices that could do anything at the instigation of a controller, we are looking into the face of the future, but it has become a reality today. An automated device can replace a good manpower.
Control of phase load is very much needed in Industry 3. Many machines are used in industry. There are devices available on the market in today's world to control one single load at a time. This system can simultaneously control two loads. This saves time, space and cost.
Three phase machines are used in the industry. They're very expensive. This system provides them with electricity protection. Sometimes the voltage supplied to machines is fluctuated due to electrical losses. Under voltage and over voltage, machine failure is permanent. Electricity sometimes becomes one phase. It's very high to repair costs. To avoid this, the machines must be protected. We are using load control devices for this purpose.
It is related to agriculture in India's 70 percent population. Agriculture is therefore a very important area. We need to invent new equipment to minimize farmers ' efforts. This system can control water pumps for agriculture.
This system can control and check the status from anywhere in the world. GSM module controls the entire device. To start the engine, all induction motors require a starter. Depending on the engine ratings, the starter is used. Wireless three- phase induction motor device, without using wire, can start the motor from a long distance. With a mobile device, this starter works. A mobile transmitter works as a signal transmitter in this system and a signal receiver is the GSM module. The receiver module is called by the mobile transmitter. The call is received automatically through the receipt of the module.
Some wise scientist once said control system is a system where the machine can be shut down whenever we want. This is the difference between machine controlled and machine uncontrolled. Our project is to make efficient and dynamic this control system.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
Due to inconsistent supply of power, there is a growing need for an alternative source of power supply. This has led to heavy capital investment in a bid to suppress power failure and ensure regular power supply for the industry, hospitals, schools and homes. The problem of power failure can be checkmated with the use of stand-by generating set.
In today’s world, there is a continuous need for automatic appliances with the increase in standard of living, there is a sense of urgency for developing circuits that would ease the complexity of life.
The project is designed to operate or control an electrical load multiple number of times as per the program. It overcomes the difficulties of switching the load ON/OFF manually.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
AIM
The main aim of this work is to design a device that will overcome power fluctuation phase interruption by switching next most healthy available phase to feed the equipment, and system can control and check the status from anywhere in the world using GSM module.
OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this work are:
- To provide a means of switching from one phase of AC mains to another in the case of failure in the existing phase.
- To sense any abnormal condition in any of the phases which may be low voltages, high voltages or blackouts.
- To automatically disconnects the load from the mains source when there is any abnormality and transfers it to the standby generator source.
- To control and check the status from anywhere in the world using GSM module.
In the course of designing this project, different kinds of problems were notice such as:
- Difficulty in troubleshooting with circuit without the circuit diagram
- Difficult in wiring because of the strong wiring the project required.
- It requires maintenance because they involve less complex components, particularly in terms of testing maintenance and replacement part.
- The cost of designing the device is higher than that of the manual selector.
- Operating voltages: 220V-240
- 16A is the maximium load it can handle.
This device provides constant power supply in our:
- Homes
- Workshops
- Worship centre (such as churches or mosque)
- Offices
- And any other places that electrical energy is been used
Power Outage / Power Failure: A power outage is the loss of the electrical power network supply to an end user.
Automatic Changeover: is device that automatically transfers power from generator supply to PHCN supply when available and stops the generator without human intervention.
Voltage monitoring: To determine if a phase imbalance is present.
Switching system: Collection of switching elements arranged and controlled in such a way as to set up a common path.
1.7 METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:
- Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
- Draw a block diagram.
- Test for continuity of components and devices,
- programming of microcontroller
- Design and calculation for the changeover was carried out.
- Studying of various component used in circuit.
- Construct a digital changeover circuit.
- Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.
References
- A F. Agbetuyi, A. A. Adewale, J. O. Ogunluyi and D. S. Ogunleye, "Design and Construction of an Automatic Transfer Switch for a Single Phase Power Generator," Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, Covenant University, Ogun State, pp. 1- 2, 2017.
- Schneider Electric Industries SAS [Online]. Available: http://www2.schneider- electric.com/documentsnn 2007
- Uniprojects, "Project Topics and Materials," 2017. [Online]. Available: https://uniprojects.net. [Accessed 20 June 2017].
- T. J. Alake, Fundamental Concept in Electronic Circuit Desgn, Ado-Ekiti: Tees Tech Educational Publishers, 2002.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of a three phase power supply monitoring and selector with an sms alerts" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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