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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This project is titled design and construction of an automatic electric stove. It is designed to control the temperature of the electric stove to a variable range (0°C -100°C) which must be set by the user or operator. And this can be achieved by the use of temperature sensor known as LM35.
The device is design in such a way that when the temperature of the heater reach a certain level device will automatically switch-off and will maintain the off stage until when the temperature the heater is drop to 97°C, and then it will switch-ON again in other to maintain a certain temperature.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.8 PROJECT ORGANISATION
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OVERVIEW OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL
2.2 REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS AND THEIR WORKING PRINCIPLE
2.3 DEFINITION OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR
2.4 TYPES OF TEMPERATURE SENSORS
2.5 REVIEW OF MAJOR COMPONENT’S DESCRIPTION
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 METHODOLOGY
3.1 SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM BLOCK
3.3 SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.4 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.5 POWER SUPPLY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.1 CASING AND PACKAGING
4.2 ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.3 TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCES
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
An automatic electric stove a temperature controlled stove that has a heating element which is mounted at the bottom of a water tank through a heat conducting base. A conventional electric stove typically uses a bi-metal temperature sensor (also known as a thermostat) to sense the water temperature and the steam when the water is boiled, and then cut off the electric power if the water temperature reaches the bi-metal action temperature point or if sufficient amount of steam is detected. Some modern electric stove use more precise electronic temperature sensors such as the NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) resistors sensor, which are capable of sensing the heating element temperature through a very wide range of points instead of just one point. In some cases, the control systems of the electric stoves are configured to take into account the temperature rising rate in addition to the water's absolute temperature value so that the control precision is greatly improved. However, the heating system of an electric stove is a very complicated energy balancing system. The heat generated by the heating element may be decomposed into the following main components: a) Energy for heating up the water in the water tank;
b) Energy stored in the heat conducting base; All of the above factors will affect the substance temperature during the heating up and warmth keeping cycle, which may increase the difficulty of precisely controlling the temperature.
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The idea behind the design and construction of this system is to make available or alternative means providing safety and accuracy demand for electric stove using for household or industrial purpose. This goes a long way in helping to curb the problem frequently encountered as a result of fire outbreak, burning of food and inaccuracy found in measuring and maintaining temperature. That notwithstanding it makes it possible to have other means of heating food without constant temperature monitoring until when the required temperature will be achieved thereby creating time for the operator to be engaged on other works while the system is in operation. Moreover, rate of fire accident cause by heating appliances in this country is high. So there is every need that other means of safety should be made available for constant running of our electric equipments and gadgets and also to provide comfort to man. Hence, with the help of a temperature sensor, which has come to solve the problem of fire accident and inaccuracy found in temperature measurement in Nigeria, a steady running and operation of our electric equipments and gadgets is guaranteed.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main aim of this work is to automatically control the temperature of an electric stove the renowned 3-Pin Integrated Temperature Sensor LM35 (IC1) from NSC. The objectives are:
- To reduce human labour
- To control the temperature range of 0°C - 100°C of a stove automatically – without the help of the user.
- To reduce fire accident and burning of food
Working on this topic will help the student involved to understand the operation, function and connection of a 3-Pin Integrated Temperature Sensor (LM35). This study will be of great benefit to all electrical student, electrical engineers and also to all electronics hobbyist in that it will help them to understand the need for automation.
1.5 APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Outside the culinary world, automatic electric stove are used for a number of purposes.
- A furnace can be used either to provide heat to a building or used to melt substances such as glass or metal for further processing. A blast furnace is a particular type of furnace generally associated with metal smelting (particularly steel manufacture) using refined coke or similar hot-burning substance as a fuel, with air pumped in under pressure to increase the temperature of the fire.
- A kiln is a high-temperature temperature control electric stove used in manufacturing to convert mineral feedstock (in the form of clay or calcium or aluminum rocks) into a glassier, more solid form. In the case of ceramic kilns, a shaped clay object is the final result, while cement kilns produce a substance called clinker that is crushed to make the final cement product.
- An autoclave is an kettle-like device with features similar to a pressure cooker that allows the heating of aqueous solutions to higher temperatures than water's boiling point in order to sterilize the contents of the autoclave.
- Industrial temperature control electric kettles are similar to their culinary equivalents and are used for a number of different applications that do not require the high temperatures of a kiln or furnace.
The scope of this work focuses on automatic control of an electric stove using a 3-pin temperature sensor which belongs to NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) resistors (LM35), which is capable of sensing the heater temperature through a very wide range of points, includes a heating element for heating food in the automatic stove. The control unit is further configured to turn off the electric power provided to the heating element when the temperature of the heater sensed by the sensor is equal to or greater than the calculated cut-off temperature.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
When the sensor is directly exposed to liquid (water) can damaged the sensor thereby causing the sensor to malfunctioning.
1.8 PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a temperature controlled electric kettle. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a temperature controlled electric kettle were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a temperature controlled electric kettle. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of a 1kva power inverter" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related works on "design and construction of automatic electric stove" were reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of automatic electric stove" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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