This project is titled design and construction of a 6V battery charger. Battery  charger is an acid battery charger that is designed to charge 6V acid battery. It is basically a DC power supply source. Here a transformer is used to step down the AC mains input voltage to the required level as per the rating of the transformer.
This transformer is always a high power type and Lm317 variable regulator is able to produce a high current (from 1 – 5A) output as required by most lead-acid batteries and the output current can adjusted by variable resistor.
A bridge rectifier configuration is used to rectify the low voltage AC into DC and is further smoothed by a high value electrolytic capacitor. This DC is fed to an electronic circuit which regulates the voltage into a constant level and is applied to the battery under charge, where the energy is stored through an internal process of chemical reaction.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 TITLE PAGE

APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRCT
TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION
2. AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
3. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
4. APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
5. LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
6. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
7. PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0      LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1      HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.2      REVIEW OF BATTERY CHARGER
2.3      REVIEW OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERY CHARGERS
2.4      REVIEW OF SILICON CONTROLLED RECTIFIER (SCR)

CHAPTER THREE

3.0      CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY

3.1      BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

3.2      CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
3.3      CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.4      SYSTEM OPERATION
3.5      DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FOUR

RESULT ANALYSIS

4.1      CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING
4.2      CASING AND PACKAGING
4.3      ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
4.4      TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
4.5     COST OF PRODUCTION

CHAPTER FIVE

1. CONCLUSIONS
2. RECOMMENDATION

5.3     REFERENCES

 

CHAPTER ONE

1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION
Battery charger is device which consists of electrodes and electrolyte for the storage of chemical energy, but brings about a reaction between its electrodes and the electrolyte in a way to cause the flow of electrons through an external circuit is known as a battery.
There are two types of batteries; these include the primary and secondary battery. The primary (dry cell) is one whose electrolyte dries up when used to its ampere-hour rating and cannot be recharged while the secondary (wet cell) is one whose chemical energy can be restored through a charging process. There are different types of secondary battery. These comprise lead acid, Nickel-cadmium and silver zinc battery.
Furthermore, a battery is a combination of cells connected together and a cell is a simple source of electric potential. The maintenance of secondary battery is of importance partially where maximum performance and life are obtained. As long as a battery is in use, its stored chemical energy, which is being converted to electrical energy falls. This falls in chemical energy leads to a corresponding fall in its terminal voltage.
A constant potential method of charging is adopted in this project work. It is a phenomenon whereby the alternating voltage from the main is converted to direct voltage through rectification.
The direct current from the rectifier is then passed through the battery that is being charged in the reversed direction in which the battery supplies current to the external circuit. The charger is intended to charge batteries with terminal voltage up to 6volts. It incorporates a sensing technique to monitor when the battery has been charged to its rated terminal voltage so as to automatically cut off supply to the battery.
Hence, a battery charger which is of low cost, highly efficient and cheap to maintain is needed to restore its rated terminal voltage. The entire circuit is made up of five basic units and details of each units is highlighted in the subsequent chapters.

1.2                                        OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
The objective of the project is to design a device that will recharge 6v lead acid battery when discharged. The device has the ability to indicate charging process through LED indicators.

1.3                                      SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
This device charges 6v acid battery mainly, however, if the output voltages are adjusted can be used to charge battery of lower or higher voltages. Apart from charging batteries, this device can also be used as a battery level monitor due to the battery level feature it contains.

• The battery charger circuit is simple and cost effective.
• Over voltage and current protection.
• The system is easily portable.
• Avoids battery discharge when power failed.

1.4                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
Features of automatic battery charger are as below:

• Automatic battery charger  has an indicator to indicate when the battery is fully charged
• It composes of in-built active components which stop charging process when the battery is fully charged.
• It consumed less current but generate high current to the load.
• The only problem with this device is that it takes longer time to recharge car battery because of the low current output, and it is design only for a 6v battery

1.5                                                 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
A battery charger is an electrical device employed in charging batteries that are usually charged by battery charges are the storage batteries also known as “accumulators”.
The charger is made up of various electrical and electronics component which for the purpose of charging are group into your basic unit, they are:
The power supply units
The smoothing circuits
The regulating unit and
Regulated D.C charging units
A Battery charger comes in various designs and voltage.  The choice of a particular and of charger that depends largely in Ah size of battery or batteries which charge the mini battery changer could be used to charge batteries whose voltage ranges.
The battery charge is built in such a way that it delivers a constant value of d.c current into the battery it is charging in the opposite direction from which current flows on the batteries during discharge one cannot successfully design a battery charge with out a fundamental understanding of the accumulator because it also makes up the operation.

1.6                                       APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
Battery charger is used in the following devices for the purpose of recharging device batteries:

• It is used in inverter
• It is used in cellphone
• It is used in Solar energy system
• It is used in vehicles
• It is used in an uninterruptible power supply(UPS), etc.

 

1.7                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a 6v battery charger. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a 6v battery charger were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a 6v battery charger. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

 

RELATED WORK

1]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 12 VOLTS AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER

2]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 12 VOLTS AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER WITH CHARGING PROGRESS   AND CHARGING LEVEL INDICATOR

3]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 12 VOLTS CAR BATTERY CHARGER

4]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 12 VOLTS AUTOMATIC CAR BATTERY CHARGER WITH FULL VOLTAGE CUTOUT

5]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 6V and 12 VOLTS AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER

6]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 6V BATTERY CHARGER

7]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 6V CELL PHONE BATTERY CHARGER

8]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR BATTERY CHARGER USING 15V/130W SOLAR PANEL

9]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR CELL PHONE CHARGER

10]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A SOLAR CELL PHONE CHARGER WITH BATTERY BACKUP

11]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER

12]. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A 12 VOLTS AUTOMATIC BATTERY CHARGER USING SCR

---

This material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We make abstract and chapter one visible for everyone.

All Project Topics on this site have complete 5(five) Chapters . Each Project Material include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.

To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"

To view other related topics click HERE

To "SUMMIT" new topic(s) OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE

Do you want us to research for your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"

For more information call us on:+2348146561114 (MTN) or +2347015391124 (AIRTEL)

---

IF YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH OUR SERVICES, PLEASE DO NOT FORGET TO INVITE YOUR FRIENDS AND COURSEMATES TO OUR PAGE.