Abstract
Oil water separators can efficiently aid in the removal of gasoline, diesel fuel, crude, vegetable and almost any type of oil that is heavier than water. The effluent from oil / water separators is typically discharged to either a sanitary sewer system or a storm sewer. Properly designed, installed, and operated, oily water separators provide a treatment system for handling oily wastewater that prevents the entry of unacceptable levels of contamination to a storm sewer or sanitary sewer system.
An oil water separator (OWS) is equipment to separate oil and water mixtures into their separate components. However this work deals exclusively oily water separators aboard mechanical vessels. They are most commonly found in mechanical workshop where they are used to separate oil from oily waste water such as bilge water before the waste water is discharged into the workshop.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Oil/water separators are devices commonly used on Air Force installations as a method to separate oils from a variety of wastewater discharges. They are typically installed in industrial and maintenance areas and receive oily wastewater generated during processes such as aircraft and vehicle maintenance and washing. The effluent from oil/water separators is typically discharged to either a sanitary sewer system or a storm sewer. Discharges of domestic and industrial wastewater are regulated under the Clean Water Act (CWA). Properly designed, installed, and operated, oil/water separators provide a treatment system for handling oily wastewater that prevents the entry of unacceptable levels of contamination to a storm sewer or sanitary sewer system. However, oil/water separators are generally not designed to separate solids or high concentrations of oil from water, such as might occur, for example, when a large quantity of oil or sludge is spilled or poured into a wash bay drain. Thus, it is important for all personnel who discharge wastewater into an oil/water separator to understand how they function, including their limitations, in order to prevent them from becoming sources of environmental pollution.
The purpose of this Fact Sheet is to discuss common types of oil/water separator systems; the characteristics of typical oily wastewater streams; applicable regulations and policies; and pollution prevention practices applicable to these systems. Sources of additional information on the use and maintenance of oil/water separators is also provided.
The Separator unit itself consists of two parts. The first part consists of a coarse separating compartment with an inlet for the oil-water mixture. The oily water mixture enters the compartment through the inlet pipe. Some of the oil molecules due to their lower density will separate and rise to the top of the mixture into an oil collecting compartment.
The remaining oil leaves the compartment, from an outlet provided at the bottom of the chamber to the second part which is a fine separating compartment. This compartment has stationary catch plates arrangement fixed at the center of the compartment. The oil mixture flows slowly between the catch plates. The oil from the mixture will stick to the underside of the catch plates and slowly move outwards to rise at the top of the mixture and gets collected in an oil collecting space.
The clean water which has PPM of around 100, flushes out of the compartment through a pipe attached at the center of the compartment. All the oil collecting compartments are provided with heating coils or a steam inlets for heating the oil to facilitate a free flow. The air produced is released through a vent provided at the top of the compartment. The mixture is then passed to the filteration unit.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to design a machine that will used to separate gross amounts of oil and suspended solids from the wastewater effluents in various mechanical workshop plants.
1.3 OIL WATER SEPARATOR PROCESS
Oil Water Separators are designed to operate based on the specific gravity difference between the oil and the wastewater because that difference is much smaller than the specific gravity difference between the suspended solids and water. Based on this design application, most of the solids that are suspended will settle to the bottom of the separator as a sediment layer, while the oil rises to top, and the wastewater will be the middle layer between the oil on top and the solids on the bottom. The process of the oil water separator is to skim off the oil layer and the bottom sediment layer is removed by scraper and a sludge pump.
1.4 BENEFITS OF AN OIL WATER SEPARATOR SYSTEM
In a world where sustainability is becoming increasingly important, re-use and recycling are becoming a focus for businesses. An oil water separator can greatly reduce water usage, having both economical and environmental benefits by reducing water usage costs and creating less waste byproduct from wash pads, wash bays and commercial cleaning applications in mechanical workshop.
1.5 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT
Wash down bays/ Wash Pads
Panel Beaters
Car Detailers
Mechanical Workshops
Service Stations/Fuel Depots
Loading Bays
Auto Dismantlers
Equipment Hire Companies
Commercial Car Washes
Engine Reconditioners
Other Oil-Water Separation Applications
There are other applications requiring oil-water separation. For example:Oily water separators (OWS) for separating oil from the bilge water accumulated in ships. Oil and water separators are commonly used in electrical substations. The transformers found in substations use a large amount of oil for cooling purposes. Moats are constructed surrounding unenclosed substations to catch any leaked oil, but these will also catch rainwater. Oil and water separators therefore provide a quicker and easier cleanup of an oil leak.
1.6 OIL WATER SEPARATORS AND ACCESSORIES
VGS – Vertical Gravity Separator
Domino
Control Panels
Filters
Case Studies
1.7 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
Oil/water separators are ideal for locations that deal with a higher than normal level of oil in their waste water. In situations such as these, standard filters may not be the ideal solution, as the high oil concentrations would result in a reduced filter lifespan and more frequent replacement costs. Best suited for locations that deal with large volumes of waste water, oil/water separators use a mechanical separation method in conjunction with our chemical filtration to ensure maximum results. By using an OWS as part of a comprehensive water treatment system, water recycling rates can exceed 90% and provide a significant long-term cost savings.
This material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We make abstract visible for everyone.
All Project Topics on this site have complete 5(five) Chapters . Each Project Material include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.
To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"
To view other related topics click HERE
For more information call us on: +234 8146561114 (MTN) or+2347015391124 (AIRTEL)
To "SUMMIT" new topic(s) OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE
Do you want us to research for your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"
IF YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH OUR SERVICES, PLEASE DO NOT FORGET TO INVITE YOUR FRIENDS AND COURSEMATES TO OUR PAGE.