CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH PROPERTY RATING IN NIGERIA
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TITLE PAGE
CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH PROPERTY RATING IN NIGERIA
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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Property rating administration for long has being a problem in Nigeria, as its faced by Estate Evaluers, landlords and even tenants due to inadequacies that exist in property laws in the country. This research has sort to discus this challenges, as it highlights possible ways the government, public enterprises can help stop such administrations that are not favorable to the masses, especialy those in Abuja municipal.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Synopsis
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION
- Statement of problem
- Aims and objectives
- Significant of the study
- Scope of the study
- Limitation of the study
- The study area
- Definitions of terms
CHAPTER TWO
- LITERATURE REVIEW
- Historical background of property rating in Nigeria
- Method of rating assessment
- Property rating authority
- Rating authority
- Types of property tax
- Major types of property
- Property rating process
- Tenement rate as a source of revenue generation
CHAPTER THREE
- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
- Introduction
- Research design
- Population o the study
- Sample of the study
- Sample size
- Sampling technique
- Data for the study
- Instrument for data collection
- Design of questionnaire
- Procedure for the administration of the questionnaire
- Procedure for the collection of data
- Tools for data analysis
- Problems encountered
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Analysis of data
4.3 Analysis of questionnaire
4.4 Interpretation of data
CHAPTER FIVE;
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
- Summary of findings
- Conclusion
- Recommendation
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Property rating is a form of tax levied on real property and it is normally charged at local level for raising the revenue to carry out specific developmental projects. These rates are levied annually on owners or occupiers of landed property. It is charged on the annual value of occupation of the tenement and should reflect the income earning capacity of the built up landed property.
Historically, rating system has its origin in the Poor Relief Act, 1601 generally referred to in Britain as “the statute of Elizabeth”. This system inherited from Britain in 19th century has been recognized as a potentially rich source of raising fund within a Local Government Area for the purpose of providing and maintaining essential services and amenities in the rating area – such as roads, market squares, motor parks, communal halls are maintained through communal efforts. Individual in the community contribute their income and services for the up keep in their leaders’ household.
It is the present day made of living and modernization that brought about the present sophistication and form of its application and collection. The local government now takes some of the roles formerly played by the Obas, Obis or Emirs which are presently more complicated like provision of electricity, schools, roads, clinics, refuse proposal services etc.
The first real attempt to property rating was through the federal government guideline for local government reform of August, 1976. This document was designed to give guidelines on the structure, finance and administration of local government in the federation. The document introduced a pattern of rating law for the entire country and since then, all estate government have based their Rating Edict or Laws on it with very little modification. If is important to know that the major principles of the rating system in Nigeria is to defray the Local Government expenses. For example, that of Ogun state was called Tenement Rate Edict of 1995, where property types were zoned and appropriate unit was adopted. Thus the x – ray of the system in Nigeria was that of Tenement Rating, where value of the property for rating purpose is ascertained by a qualified estate surveyors and valuers and a percentage of the property is multiplied by a rate Nairrage to be adopted by the Rating Authority.
Property Rating is a viable or stable source of revenue generation, though 70 – 80% of the total revenue to the local Government. In Nigeria is from the federal statutory allocation.
This Rating is a way of broadening the financial base of Local Government to provide necessary facilities for its subject.
Other source through which the Local Government can raise funds are, insurance of death and birth certificate, approval of plans, revenue from motor parks and market, insurance of license etc.
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
The problem associated with rate collection cannot be underestimated. That is why many Local Governments have not being embarking on the implementation.
It is important to say that rating can only be effective when certain conditions such as street numbering, culture, qualified personnel, population etc have to be taken into consideration. Many Rating Authorities did not consider these that is why collection of rate is very tedious
2,1 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
Aim
The aim of this study is to examine the challenges associated with Property Rating in Abeokuta North Local Government of Ogun State.
Objectives
- To identify the rateable hereditament in the case study.
- To examine the process of assessment of reteable properties within the case study.
- To evaluate level of awareness of property rating by general public especially in the study area.
- To identify the challenges of property in the study area.
- To recommended possible solution to problem, the Local Government is facing as a result of rating exercise.
1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The research shall be of immeasurable importance to the case study in particular and other local government area in Nigeria, because the research will provide possible solution to the local government area.
The research will also be useful to determine the effectiveness of the rate collection in Nigeria.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The study covers Abeokuta North Rating Authority. The data for this project was based on the information collected from the following.
- Kunle Olubode and company and Muri-Adi and associate (Estate firms)
- Abeokuta North Local Government (The Local Government under study). The study will covers the amount realized from property rating since 2007 – 2011 in the Local Government.
- Respondents to questionnaires.
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF STUDY
(a) Non – availability of some important respondents as at the time of visits.
(b) Non availability of relevant textbook in the library.
(c) Financial constraint – Money sometimes, delay in carrying out some research.
(d) The time and stress involved in convincing respondents on the importance of the study.
1.6 STUDY AREA
Abeokuta North Local Government has its headquarters at Akomoje in the Iberekodo Area of Abeokuta Ogun State capital. The Local Government first came into existence in 1981, as Abeokuta South Local Government the same year to make up the defunct Abeokuta Local Government it however re – emerged again on 27th September, 1991 when the federal government moved closer to the people at the grassroots.
The local government share common boundaries with the Odeda Local Government – North, Ewekoro local government – south, Abeokuta south local government – East, Yewa North local government – West.
Olumo rock is one of the most outstanding historical and socio – cultural landmarks in the Local Government Area and Abeokuta in general. The rock is situated in Abeokuta between Ikija and Ikehreku. It is 137 metres above the sea level. The rock is a massive outcrop of granite rock of primitive formation from which the state capital derives its name “Abeokuta” meaning under the rock. It served as a refuge for solders during the old Egba inter – tribal wars. Apart from the fact it is a symbol of faith, unity and strength it remains sacred in the history of Egba land.
Abeokuta North Local Government Area has a projected population (in 1994) of about 200,000 people more than 90% of the area is rural, although more than 75% of people live in the urban area of the Local Government.
But as at 2006 census, the population of Abeokuta North Local Government was 201, 329 people with the area of 808km2. The Local Government includes the Oyan Dam, an important source of water to the cities of Lagos and Abeokuta.
The local government has 77 public primary schools and 14 secondary schools with 16 wards.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Property – Is the right that one has in land or goods to the exclusion of all others rights gained from the ownership of wealth.
2. Property Rating – This is a form of tax, levied on real property and it is normally charged at local level for raising the required revenue to carryout specific development project. This tax is aimed at promoting the total well being of inhabitants of the local community.
3. Rate Nairrage – This is the rate in the naira force, in the rating area where the hereditament is located. Such rate is often fixed periodically after considering the financial needs of the rating authority.
4. Capital value – This means the amount of money which may be obtained for an interest at a particular time from those individuals who are able and willing to purchase it.
5. Annual Value: This implies “the rent at which any tenement or hereditament might reasonably be expected to let in the open market irrespective of the letting arrangement of the landlord and tenant”.
6. Rebus Sic Stantibus: It is most basic principle in rating it explained that all hereditaments must be valued as they exist as at the time when the rate is being made (i.e. the property to value must be assed in the condition, state and circumstance existing at the time of assessment.
7. Hypothetical Tenancy: This refers to all potential occupiers and actual occupiers as possible yearly tenants thus; the facts that a property owner occupier is irrelevant.
8. Gross Value: It is defined in section 19(6) of General Act of 1967, as “the rent at which a hereditament might reasonable be expected to led from year to year if the tenant undertook to pay all usual tenant rates and taxes and landlord undertook to bear the cost of repairs and insurance and other expense if any necessary to maintain the hereditament in a state to command the rent”.
1.8 PLAN OF THE STUDY
This project work is basically divided into five (5) chapters.
CHAPTER ONE: Takes on the introduction of the subject matter. If consists of the super significance and definition of terms of the study.
CHAPTER TWO: This is the literature review this entails the works that had been done on this particular topic which was done by other researchers.
CHAPTER THREE: Will talk about the Methodist that the researcher adopted in getting necessary materials or information that will facilitate the success of the research work.
CHAPTER FOUR: Explain how the researcher was able to analysis and present the data he got for his work while the chapter:
CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" was reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "challenges associated with property rating in nigeria" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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