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TITLE PAGE

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF DIGITAL CLOCK

BY

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EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---

DECEMBER,2018

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APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the research work, "design and construction of digital clock" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.

By
---                                                     . ---
Supervisor                                                  Head of Department.
Signature……………….                           Signature……………….        

……………………………….
---
External Invigilator

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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.

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Digital clock project is developed for the users to use a digital clock. The main parts of this project are set switch, microcontroller unit and LCD display.
This Project Digital clock using microcontroller is an advanced digital Clock, which displays the time using LCD or seven segment display. This device display time in seconds, minutes and hours. The system has an inverter which is used to power the system.
The user can set the time, date and day using the switch. When the user sets the timings, the settings will be displayed in the LCD display. When the function key is turned on, the controller sends pulse to the LCD display to display the current time.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE
TITLE PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKNOWELDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

• PROBLEM STATEMENT
• PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
• AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
• APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
• SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
• METHODOLOGY
• PROJECT ORGANISATION

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

• HISTORY OF DIGITAL CLOCK
• REVIEW OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
• THE HISTORITICAL BACKGROUND  OF THE DIGITAL CLOCK

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY

• INTRODUCTION
• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
• PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

CHAPTER FOUR

• .0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• COST ANALYSIS
• DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY

• INTRODUCTION
• SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
• SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
• CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
• PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

CHAPTER FOUR

• .0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
• CASING AND PACKAGING
• ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
• TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
• INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
• COST ANALYSIS
• DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

CHAPTER FIVE

• CONCLUSION
• RECOMMENDATION
• REFERENCES

CHAPTER ONE

• INTRODUCTION

1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
Digital clock is very useful projects for final year students.. It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock which tracks over the Real Time. It displays the time in hh:mms format. The time and date can be changed at any Time using the swtich. The Real Time Clock is displayed on LCD display.
A digital timing circuit (digital clock) is something we use and depend on every day. The timing circuit used in this project will be entirely hardware based. It will consist of two timing signals, a 60Hz clock pulse used as the main timing signal (multiples of 60s) and a 1kHz clock pulse used for multiplexing a 7-segment display for the clock. The 60Hz clock pulse will be divided by sixty multiple times in order to provide a pulse for seconds, minutes and hours. These pulses will be counted, stored in memory registers and then displayed to show the current time.

1.2                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT
The first clock that was invented was analogue clock which has no other features apart from time and it also consumes higher power and stops working as soon as the power battery is removed. These disadvantages also happen in our digital clocks – their time is reset or stopped as soon as the system power battery or source is removed. However, digital real time clock came to overcome these problems. Digital time clock counts hours, minutes, seconds, months, days and even years digitally.

1.3                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this project is construct a device that will display the time in seconds, minutes and hours. In addition to this, it will also display time. We can also set the time using the switch.

1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
You truly cannot be an organized human being unless you use a good timing system! And if you’re still someone who likes to keep all of their appointments, activities - I highly encourage you to consider tossing out the paper and find an electronic clock system that works for you.
One of the most beautiful things about digital clock is that they can be synced, so you can have your clock on your smart phone, your tablet, your laptop, as well as it can sync to your husband’s electronic clock and your kids’ clock. So no matter where you are- you can easily look up and see what your current appointments are for any given day. And the important people in your life can know the latest schedule and commitments too- without coming home and consulting the kitchen wall.
 1.5                             ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL CLOCK

• Even if there is power failure, this clock displays the right time using an inverter.
•  Simplicity of the system.
• Accuracy of the system.

  Digital clock project is developed for the users to use a digital clock. The main parts of this project are set switch, microcontroller unit and LCD display.
  This Project Digital clock using microcontroller is an advanced digital Clock, which displays the time using LCD or seven segment display. This device display time in seconds, minutes and hours. The system has an inverter which is used to power the system.
  The user can set the time, date and day using the switch. When the user sets the timings, the settings will be displayed in the LCD display. When the function key is turned on, the controller sends pulse to the LCD display to display the current time.

  TABLE OF CONTENTS
  COVER PAGE
  TITLE PAGE
  APPROVAL PAGE
  DEDICATION
  ACKNOWELDGEMENT
  ABSTRACT
  CHAPTER ONE
  INTRODUCTION
  1.1      BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT

  • PROBLEM STATEMENT
  • PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT
  • AIM/OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
  • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
  • APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
  • SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
  • METHODOLOGY
  • PROJECT ORGANISATION

  CHAPTER TWO
  LITERATURE REVIEW

  • HISTORY OF DIGITAL CLOCK
  • REVIEW OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGY
  • THE HISTORITICAL BACKGROUND  OF THE DIGITAL CLOCK

  CHAPTER THREE
  METHODOLOGY

  • INTRODUCTION
  • SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
  • SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
  • CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
  • PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

  CHAPTER FOUR

  • .0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
  • CASING AND PACKAGING
  • ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
  • TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
  • INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
  • COST ANALYSIS
  • DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

  CHAPTER FIVE

  • CONCLUSION
  • RECOMMENDATION
  • REFERENCES

  CHAPTER THREE
  METHODOLOGY

  • INTRODUCTION
  • SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM
  • SYSTEM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
  • CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
  • PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

  CHAPTER FOUR

  • .0     CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURE AND TESTING ANALYSIS
  • CASING AND PACKAGING
  • ASSEMBLING OF SECTIONS
  • TESTING OF SYSTEM OPERATION
  • INSTALLATION OF THE COMPLETED DESIGN
  • COST ANALYSIS
  • DESCRIPTION OF SOME MAJOR COMPONENTS USED

  CHAPTER FIVE

  • CONCLUSION
  • RECOMMENDATION
  • REFERENCES

   

  CHAPTER ONE

  • INTRODUCTION

  1.1                                         BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT
  Digital clock is very useful projects for final year students.. It has an Inbuilt Real Time Clock which tracks over the Real Time. It displays the time in hh:mms format. The time and date can be changed at any Time using the swtich. The Real Time Clock is displayed on LCD display.
  A digital timing circuit (digital clock) is something we use and depend on every day. The timing circuit used in this project will be entirely hardware based. It will consist of two timing signals, a 60Hz clock pulse used as the main timing signal (multiples of 60s) and a 1kHz clock pulse used for multiplexing a 7-segment display for the clock. The 60Hz clock pulse will be divided by sixty multiple times in order to provide a pulse for seconds, minutes and hours. These pulses will be counted, stored in memory registers and then displayed to show the current time.
  1.2                                   PROBLEM STATEMENT
  The first clock that was invented was analogue clock which has no other features apart from time and it also consumes higher power and stops working as soon as the power battery is removed. These disadvantages also happen in our digital clocks – their time is reset or stopped as soon as the system power battery or source is removed. However, digital real time clock came to overcome these problems. Digital time clock counts hours, minutes, seconds, months, days and even years digitally.
  1.3                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
  The objective of this project is construct a device that will display the time in seconds, minutes and hours. In addition to this, it will also display time. We can also set the time using the switch.
  1.4                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
  You truly cannot be an organized human being unless you use a good timing system! And if you’re still someone who likes to keep all of their appointments, activities - I highly encourage you to consider tossing out the paper and find an electronic clock system that works for you.
  One of the most beautiful things about digital clock is that they can be synced, so you can have your clock on your smart phone, your tablet, your laptop, as well as it can sync to your husband’s electronic clock and your kids’ clock. So no matter where you are- you can easily look up and see what your current appointments are for any given day. And the important people in your life can know the latest schedule and commitments too- without coming home and consulting the kitchen wall.
  1.5                             ADVANTAGES OF DIGITAL CLOCK

  • Even if there is power failure, this clock displays the right time using an inverter.
  •  Simplicity of the system.
  • Accuracy of the system.
    

  1.6                                             APPLICATIONS
  Because digital clock is very small and inexpensive devices that enhance the popularity of product designs, they are often incorporated into all kinds of devices such as
  • Cars
  • Radios
  • Televisions
  1.7                                         METHODOLOGY
  To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

  • Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
  • Draw a block diagram.
  • Test for continuity of components and devices,
  • Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
  • Studying of various component used in circuit.
  • Construction of the circuit was carried out.
  • Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

  1.8                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
  The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
  Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a digital clock. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a digital clock were discussed.
  Chapter two is on literature review of a digital clock. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
  Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
  Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
  Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

  
  

1.6                                             APPLICATIONS
Because digital clock is very small and inexpensive devices that enhance the popularity of product designs, they are often incorporated into all kinds of devices such as
• Cars
• Radios
• Televisions
1.7                                         METHODOLOGY
To achieve the aim and objectives of this work, the following are the steps involved:

• Study of the previous work on the project so as to improve it efficiency.
• Draw a block diagram.
• Test for continuity of components and devices,
• Design and calculation for the device was carried out.
• Studying of various component used in circuit.
• Construction of the circuit was carried out.
• Finally, the whole device was cased and final test was carried out.

1.8                          PROJECT WORK ORGANISATION
The various stages involved in the development of this project have been properly put into five chapters to enhance comprehensive and concise reading. In this project thesis, the project is organized sequentially as follows:
Chapter one of this work is on the introduction to a digital clock. In this chapter, the background, significance, objective limitation and problem of a digital clock were discussed.
Chapter two is on literature review of a digital clock. In this chapter, all the literature pertaining to this work was reviewed.
Chapter three is on design methodology. In this chapter all the method involved during the design and construction were discussed.
Chapter four is on testing analysis. All testing that result accurate functionality was analyzed.
Chapter five is on conclusion, recommendation and references.

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CHAPTER TWO: The chapter one of this work has been displayed above. The complete chapter two of "design and construction of digital clock" is also available. Order full work to download. Chapter two of "design and construction of digital clock" consists of the literature review. In this chapter all the related work on "design and construction of digital clock" was reviewed.

CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and construction of digital clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and construction of digital clock" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.

CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and construction of digital clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and construction of digital clock" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work

CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "design and construction of digital clock" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and construction of digital clock" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.

 

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