Abstract

Burners play an integral role in oil and gas well pads. They generate the heat necessary for separating the oil, gas and water mixture and to keep the gases in their vapor phase during transportation through pipelines. Burners typically use a portion of the gas coming out of the ground as the fuel to produce the flame for heating. The gases extracted from the ground enter the burner skid (commonly referred to as burner fuel train) at a high pressure and hence they need to be pressure controlled for use in burners. This work is on fabrication of a gas burner.

CHAPTER ONE
1.0                                                        INTRODUCTION
A burner is a mechanical device that supplies required amount of fuel and air creates condition for rapid mixing of fuel and air produces a flame which transfers thermal energy to furnace and charge.
In oil burners, oil is atomized into a fine spray by a spray nozzle and air is supplied for combustion in the spray chamber. Alternatively oil may be atomized by high speed air to produce a fine dispersion of droplets into air.
There are liquid fuel and gaseous fuel burners. In liquid fuel burner, oil is heated and atomized either mechanically or by high speed gaseous jet. This work focuses on a gas burner is a device which is used to generate a flame, in order to heat up products using a gaseous fuel such as acetylene, natural gas, or propane. Some burners have an air inlet to mix the fuel gas with air, to enable complete combustion. Acetylene is commonly used in combination with oxygen.
The gas burner has many applications such as soldering, brazing and welding, the latter using oxygen instead of air for producing a hotter flame, which is required for melting steel. For laboratory uses, a natural-gas fueled Bunsen burner is used. For melting metals with melting points of up to 1100 °C (such as copper, silver, and gold), a propane burner with a natural drag of air can be used.
1.1                                             OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The objective of this work is to design a device which is used to generate a flame, in order to heat up products using a gaseous fuel such as acetylene, natural gas, or propane.
1.2                                 HOW COMBUSTION OCCUR IN BURNER
The release of potential energy of fuel by combustion with air requires several
stages, namely.
• Mixing of air and fuel
• Ignition of the mixture
• Chemical reaction
• Disposal of products of combustion from the reaction site so that fresh reactants are available. Except mixing of air and fuel, all other stages are extremely fast such that it is said that if fuel and air are mixed, fuel is burnt. Accordingly mixing is the slowest step in the process of combustion This can be understood by considering that each mole of carbon theoretically requires 1 mole of oxygen for complete combustion. But 1 mole of oxygen is obtained from 4.76 moles of air. That means 3.76 moles of nitrogen are present with 1 Mole of oxygen. Nitrogen is inert and does not take part in combustion therefore mixing of air+ fuel is important.
1.3                                         SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT
A gas burner is a device which is used to generate a flame, in order to heat up products using a gaseous fuel such as acetylene, natural gas, or propane. Some burners have an air inlet to mix the fuel gas with air, to enable complete combustion. Acetylene is commonly used in combination with oxygen.
1.4                                          APPLICATION OF THE PROJECT
The hottest and most efficient of all fuel gases use in gas burner, acetylene (C2H2) provides high levels of productivity thanks to good localized heating with a minimum of thermal waste. It also requires the least amount of oxygen to ensure complete combustion. This flammable, colourless gas is lighter than air so does not accumulate at low levels, where it could cause a potential hazard. It is generally supplied dissolved in acetone or DMF (dimethylformamide) in specially designed cylinders to prevent decomposition.
A low flame moisture content makes this fuel gas a good choice for many critical heating processes. Typical applications include flame heating, flame gouging, welding, flame hardening, flame cleaning, flame straightening, thermal spraying, spot-heating, brazing, texturing, profile-cutting, branding wooden pallets, wood-ageing and carbon coating.
Acetylene is the only fuel gas recommended for underground working conditions because it is lighter than air. It is also the only fuel gas, for instance, which can be used to weld steel.
In cutting, oxy-acetylene gives the fastest preheating and piercing times of any fuel gas combination.

Benefits include:

• Improved cut quality
• Higher cutting speeds
• Faster cut initiation time
• Reduced oxygen use.

1.5                                           LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT

• this device can be hazardous when not properly handled

This material is a complete and well researched project material strictly for academic purposes, which has been approved by different Lecturers from different higher institutions. We make abstract visible for everyone.

All Project Topics on this site have complete 5(five) Chapters . Each Project Material include: Abstract + Introduction + etc + Literature Review + methodology + etc + Conclusion + Recommendation + References/Bibliography.

To "DOWNLOAD" the complete material on this particular topic above click "HERE"

To view other related topics click HERE

For more information call us on: +234 8146561114 (MTN) or+2347015391124 (AIRTEL)

To "SUMMIT" new topic(s) OR you did not see your topic on our site but want to confirm the availiability of your topic click HERE

Do you want us to research for your new topic? if yes, click "HERE"

IF YOU ARE SATISFIED WITH OUR SERVICES, PLEASE DO NOT FORGET TO INVITE YOUR FRIENDS AND COURSEMATES TO OUR PAGE.