DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A UNIVERSITY CAFETERIA TICKETING SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINTS
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TITLE PAGE
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A UNIVERSITY CAFETERIA TICKETING SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINTS
BY
---
EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---
DECEMBER,2018
APPROVAL PAGE
This is to certify that the research work, "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.
By
--- . ---
Supervisor Head of Department.
Signature………………. Signature……………….
……………………………….
---
External Invigilator
DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.
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This project is on the design and development of portable and reliable fingerprint based cafeteria ticketing system that can be used monitoring and booking of student meal in the school cafeteria. It will eliminate the problems of manual method. The new system utilizes a portable fingerprint scanner as the input to acquire fingerprint images and notebook personal computer as the mobile terminal for the processing of the images and booking of meal ticket. It also include database to store student’s information and meal records. Visual Basic.net was used as the programming language to develop this system. The system was tested and found working correctly.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Pages
Cover page
Title page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgment iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables x
List of Figures x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES 4
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 4
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 4
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 5
1.7 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 WHAT IS BIOMETRICS 7
2.2 HISTORY OF BIOMETRICS 9
2.3 TYPES OF BIOMETRIC DEVICES AVAILABLE 14
2.3.1 RETINA SCANNER 15
2.3.2 IRIS SCANNER 17
2.3.3 FINGERPRINT SCANNER 19
2.3.4 FACIAL BIOMETRICS 22
2.3.5 VOICE RECOGNITION 24
2.3.6 HAND PRINT PATTERNS 24
2.3.7 DNA FINGERPRINT 2
2.3.8 DEEP TISSUE ILLUMINATION 2
2.3.9 VOICE PRINT KEYSTROKE PATTERN 26
2.4 APPLICATION AREAS OF BIOMETRICS 27
2.5 RELATED STUDIES 31
2.6 SUMMARY OF REVIEW 34
CHAPTER THREE: SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM 36
3.2 JUSTIFICATIONS OF THE NEW SYSTEM 37
3.3 METHODOLOGY 37
3.4 DATA COLLECTION 39
3.5 THE PROPOSED NEW SYSTEM 39
3.6 DATA STRUCTURE 44
CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND INTEGRATION
4.1 CHOICE OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE 46
4.2 THE SYSTEM MAIN MENU IMPLEMENTATION 47
4.2.1 MAIN MENU 47
4.2.2 ADMIN LOGIN PAGE 48
4.2.3 CAFETERIA ATTENDANT ACTIVATOR SETUP PAGE 49
4.3 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUB-SYSTEM 50
4.4 QUERY SUB-SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 53
4.5 SYSTEM TESTING AND INTEGRATION 54
4.6 TEST PLAN 54
4.7 TEST DATA 54
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 SUMMARY 55
5.2 RECOMMENDATION 56
5.3 CONCLUSION 57
REFERENCES
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 3.1 ADMINISTRATOR DATABASE 44
TABLE 3.2 COURSE DATABASE 44
TABLE 3.3 LECTURER DATABASE 45
TABLE 3.4 STUDENT DATABASE 45
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG 2.1 STRUCTURE OF IRIS 17
FIG 2.2 IRIS SCANNER 18
FIG 2.3 FINGERPRINT PATTERNS 20
FIG 2.4 SCANNERS 21
FIG 3.1 TOP DOWN DESIGN APPROACH FOR THE SYSTEM 38
FIG 3.2 FLOW CHART FOR USER START PAGE 39
FIG 3.3 FLOW CHART FOR ADMIN SUB PROGRAM 41
FIG 3.4 FLOW CHART FOR STUDENT SUB PROGRAM 43
FIG 4.1 USER START PAGE 48
FIG 4.2 ADMIN LOGIN IMPLEMENTATION 49
FIG 4.3 CAFETERIA ATTENDANT SETUP 50
FIG 4.4 ADMINISTRATOR SUB-MENU 51
FIG 4.5 STUDENT ENROLLMENT SUBMENU 52
FIG 4.6 CAFETERIA ATTENDANT ACTIVATOR 52
FIG 4.7 STUDENT FINGERPRINT VERIFIED 53
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the Study
Meal booking method of students in institution can be rigorous using the conventional method of meal card and student I.D system method. Every academic institution poses some standards concerning how meal ticket is to be confirmed for student in university in the cafeteria. That is why keeping the accurate record of cafeteria ticketing is very important. The approach of using paper meal ticket or student I.D card system to book for students’ meal has been in use for years. There are so many bottlenecks with the conventional method, one of such problem is the difficulty for the management to compute the percentage of student in school that need food and frequently modify their information. Also in institution, tracking and monitoring student meal could be tedious task, time consuming and as well prone to errors. As an alternative to traditional manual ticketing process by students in university cafeteria, biometrics characteristics can be used for authenticating students.
Fingerprint systems benefits school lunch line by promoting smooth flow and cashless transactions. Students are usually in a hurry and have limited time to get their lunch. The integration of fingerprint biometrics in school lunch line will help to provide speedy service to hungry students and ensure that every student gets lunch irrespective of whether they remember their card or PIN. Their fingerprint is the password now.
This research will focus on developing Fingerprint based Biometric university cafeteria ticketing System. The fingerprint Biometrics is adopted in this research work for the fact it is one of the most successful applications of biometric technology. In the manual ticketing processes, where the school management give a meal paper to student for ticketing as a form of confirming their presence for a particular meal, falsification in student attendance mostly occur a situation where by a student can sign on behalf of his or her colleague as being present in the cafeteria when not true can be so difficult to prevent from happening especially for university that have numerous student where row count can takes longer time according to International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security (2009).
The trending concern in this modern world is regarding national security, identifying theft as well as on-line terrorism. Researcher refers to Biometric as a solution for detecting user’s identity and security challenges emanating in this modern day. Biometric identification is any automatically measurable, robust and distinctive physical characteristic or personal trait that can be used to identify an individual or verify the claimed identify of an individual. Biometric science utilizes the measurements of a person’s behavioral characteristics (keyboard strokes, mouse movement) or biological characteristics (fingerprint, iris, nose, eyes, jaw, voice pattern, etc). It is the features captures that is being transformed digitally into a template. The recognition software can then be used to discover an individual as the person they claim to be. Fingerprint recognition is the most common biometric method adopted in identification of a person (Ismail 2009).
Biometric is a field of technology that uses automated methods for identifying and verifying a person based on physiological and behavioral traits. Because some parts of the human body is use in biometrics, the issue of getting lost is not possible and for password to be easily guess can be easily avoided. Also, utilizing biometrics in most cases can be said to be more efficient when speed is considered and convenient than employing password and ID cards method.
Using a particular person fingerprint as a form of authentication is just like using natural physical data as a password. The benefit of using biometric authentication is that it is absolutely distinct to each person. There are no two different individuals with the same fingerprint, it is difficult and impossible for one another to have the same fingerprint, and fingerprints from different people can never be the same. Also, a fingerprint can never be guess by a criminal, such as a password which imposter can easily predict using a user birth date or any other common password. Infiltration is very hard to come by due to the fact that criminal will not be able to snoop around to steal user password when using ATM with the 4-digit pass code (Valasquez 2013).
Fingerprint can be categorize as one of the most mature biometric traits and is accepted in courts of law as a legitimate proof of evidence. Fingerprints are adopted in forensic analysis globally in investigations of criminal. More recently, there are growing numbers of individuals and commercial users that are currently using or strongly putting into consideration of using fingerprint-based identification for no any other reason other than the matching performance biometric technology has demonstrated as well as a better understanding of fingerprints.
Although there are so many positive impacts for using biometric authentication, however, unlike username and password, biometric data is a physical feature of a person that is fixed and cannot be change. If a person could have access to adequate scan another person fingerprint, that scan has the capability to trick the Touch ID system. In that case, the fingerprint features of a person can’t be change consequently a criminal can’t be prevented from having access to your personal information or files. As fingerprint scanning becomes more widely accepted anywhere anytime, this may become a substantial challenge. A criminal can have access to different accounts because with one fingerprint, a criminal may have access to multiple accounts that implemented authentication using fingerprint.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The traditional system is still mostly used in most university cafeteria today where the school management will give students meal ticket sheet of paper containing list of student’s name to sign or in some cases, the student will be the ones to write their names, student id and matriculation number to indicate their presence for a particular meal. Falsification in student ticketing does occur rampantly in the traditional method. For example, another student can easily book meal on behalf of another student that is absent or out of the school premises. In other to prevent this problem, it is necessary to develop an Authentication System for Students using fingerprint Biometric recognition that will be employed to track and keep the cafeteria ticketing of every student in a particular meal section. Fingerprint is unique feature for everyone compare to using barcode in smart cards. Therefore, this system designed in this project work is not based on the existing barcode system. The Fingerprint based university cafeteria ticketing designed in this research work for student is a more secure platform where students mark their cafeteria ticketing with their fingerprint.
1.3 Aim and Objectives
The aim of the study is to design and develop a reliable, scalable and cost effective Fingerprint university cafeteria ticketing system. This is to be achieved by the following objectives:
- To carry out the analysis of manual processes involved in university meal ticketing.
- To design a new system for the (i) above and
- To implement the design using Microsoft Visual Basic.net.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The scope of this work is to develop a Fingerprint Based university cafeteria ticketing System that will improve how meal delivering to student is done by using fingerprint as a form authentication for proof of attending meal section. The system will be a window based application developed using Microsoft Visual Basic.net as the preferred programming language for building the user interface and Microsoft SQL Server for database design. It does not cover other aspects of biometric.
1.5 Limitations of the Study
The efficiency of the scanner can be reduced due to the roughages in the captured images which are often caused by worn-out or cut or dirt’s found on fingerprint. Therefore, there is every possibility that enrolled users can be rejected by the system. Also the scanner or sensor cannot distinguish between a real and an artificial finger; therefore it is possible to fool the scanner. In addition, if an enrolled fingerprint is been duplicated or spoof, it is not possible to change fingerprint as in the case of password because user finger biometric. Finally, since the system will be design using Visual Basic.net, it won’t be able to run on any other platforms other than Microsoft Window operating system.
1.6 Significance of the Study
There are many areas within a school where students are required to identify themselves in order to access services. These areas include the cafeteria, library, class attendance etc. The commonly used identification methods such as visual identification, ID cards, PINs, card punches etc. pose a lot of challenges and have certain limitations. These methods are unable to provide accurate identification and the administrators have to spend time and resources in correcting errors.
For example, a card based solution can result in lunch line delays and proxy attendance. If a student forgets to carry their card they are unable to access lunch. A password is also not a solution since students will be required to remember the password. This is an additional burden and does not go well with students. Moreover, cards can be stolen, lost or damaged. A bully could steal a student’s card and take his or her lunch. If a card gets lost or damaged, then additional expenses need to be incurred for replacing the card.
Visual identification may not be suitable for large group of students and can lead to security concerns and wrong attendance reporting. It cannot solve the issues of proxy attendance and other loopholes such as bullies eating lunch of other students by using their cards or passwords. A biometric system can effectively eliminate these problems and streamline school operations by eliminating the need to track and reconcile attendance data.
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms
Biometrics is physiological or behavioral characteristics unique to individuals, this Include Fingerprint, hand geometry, handwriting, iris, retinal, vein and voice.
PIN personal identification number.
Biometric Verification is any means by which a person can be uniquely identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits.
Scanner a device for examining, reading, or monitoring something in particular..
Fingerprint sensor is an electronic device used to capture a digital image of the fingerprint pattern.
Rapid Application Development is a concept that products can be developed faster and of higher quality.
Authentication is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it declared to be.
Use Case Diagram is used to show scenarios used for understanding the requirements of the system and to show the interaction between the user and the system.
Flow chart or Activity Diagram is a Unified Modeling Language that represents the graphical workflows of stepwise activities and actions with support for iteration, choice and concurrency.
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CHAPTER THREE: The complete chapter three of "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter three of "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" consists of the methodology. In this chapter all the method used in carrying out this work was discussed.
CHAPTER FOUR: The complete chapter four of "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter four of "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" consists of all the test conducted during the work and the result gotten after the whole work
CHAPTER FIVE: The complete chapter five of design and construction of a "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" is available. Order full work to download. Chapter five of "design and implementation of a university cafeteria ticketing system using fingerprints" consist of conclusion, recommendation and references.
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