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TITLE PAGE

FACTORS AFFECTING LOW ENROLMENT OF FEMALE STUDENTS IN ERIN-ILE TECHNICAL SCHOOL IN OYUN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA KWARA STATE

BY

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EE/H2013/01430
DEPARTMENT OF ----
SCHOOL OF ---
INSTITUTE OF ---

DECEMBER,2018

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APPROVAL PAGE

This is to certify that the research work, "factors affecting low enrolment of female students in erin-ile technical school in oyun local government area kwara state" by ---, Reg. No. EE/H2007/01430 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement award of a Higher National Diploma on --- has been approved.

By
---                                                     . ---
Supervisor                                                  Head of Department.
Signature……………….                           Signature……………….        

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External Invigilator

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DEDICATION
This project is dedicated to Almighty God for his protection, kindness, strength over my life throughout the period and also to my --- for his financial support and moral care towards me.Also to my mentor --- for her academic advice she often gives to me. May Almighty God shield them from the peril of this world and bless their entire endeavour Amen.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The successful completion of this project work could not have been a reality without the encouragement of my --- and other people. My immensely appreciation goes to my humble and able supervisor mr. --- for his kindness in supervising this project.
My warmest gratitude goes to my parents for their moral, spiritual and financial support throughout my study in this institution.
My appreciation goes to some of my lecturers among whom are Mr. ---, and Dr. ---. I also recognize the support of some of the staff of --- among whom are: The General Manager, Deputy General manager, the internal Auditor Mr. --- and the ---. Finally, my appreciation goes to my elder sister ---, my lovely friends mercy ---, ---, --- and many others who were quite helpful.

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This project was carried out to examine the factors affecting low ennoblement of female students in Erin-Ile Technical School in Oyun Local Government Area, Kwara State.
Structured questionnaire was use to collect data gathered from teachers and female students in Erin-Ile Technical School in Oyun Local Government Area Kwara State.  It has been observed that the numbers of female students that enrolled for technical courses in technical education is low compare to their counterparty. This finding shows that there is lack of motivation and encouragement from the parents, society, government and religions toward the enrolment of these students. It was recommended that parents and the society should allow their daughters to make their own course and government should provide scholarship for the female students in Technical School. When these suggestions are considered, there will be improvement in the enrolment of female students in Technical School. 

TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page                                                                          i
Certification                                                                        ii
Dedication                                                                         iii
Acknowledgement                                                             iv
Abstract                                                                             v
Table of content                                                                         vi

CHARTER ONE
1.1    Introduction                                                                       1
1.2    Background of the study                                                     1-6
1.3    Statement of the problem                                                    6-8
1.4    Research questions                                                             8
1.5    Research Hypotheses                                                          8-9
1.6    Purpose of the study                                                           9
1.7    Signification of the study                                                     9-10
1.8    Scope of the study                                                              10-12

CHAPTER TWO
2.1    Review of related literature                                                  13
2.2    The aims and objectives of establishing technical colleges               13-16
2.3    Need for guidance and counselling in technical college            16-20
2.4    Strategies for motivating female students to be enrol              20-23
2.5    Appraisal of literature review                                                23-24

CHAPTER THREE
3.1    Methodology                                                                      25
3.2    Research design                                                                         25
3.3    Population                                                                         25
3.4    Sample of sampling techniques                                            25-26
3.5    Research instrument                                                           26
3.5    Validity and Reliability of the  instrument                               27
3.6    Procedure for data collection                                                27
3.7    Method of data analysis                                                       27-28

CHAPTER FOUR
4.1    Presentation, analysis of data and discussion                                 29
4.2    Answering Research Question                                      29-36
4.3    Discussion of Results                                                  36-39

CHAPTER FIVE
5.1    Summary, conclusion and recommendation                   40
5.2    Summary of finding                                                    40-42
5.3    Conclusion                                                                         42
5.4    Recommendation                                                        43-44
References                                                                        45-46
Appendix                                                                                   47-50

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION             
5.1   BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Before the arrival of western education in Nigeria, in 1842, traditional form of education was in existence in Nigeria where parents involve their daughters in some trades, which were taught how to weave, dye cloth, cooking, child rearing and household care to prepare them for marriage. These forms of rational education were not institutionalized as the case study.
In Nigeria as early as 1850, British missionaries in an attempt to propagate the gospel had introduced schools particularly in Badagry and Abeokuta to teach the three Rs (arithmetic, writing and reading) primarily so that their convert would understand the Bible.
Fafunwa, A.B. (1974), noted that technical education had a slow start and developed less quietly than other forms of education in Nigeria. This was partly due to fall that voluntary agencies increase or popularize technical education on the same scale as literacy education. This is one of the reasons why missionary education was non-skilled based; consequently they develop a poor attitude to skill oriented. Owing to the concern for the disadvantage position of women and in a bid to correct the prevailing education imbalance, the Federal Ministry of Education table the proposal on female education at the emergency meeting of the National Council of Education (N.C.E) held in Kwara on January 2008. One of the objective is the provision of more educational opportunities for girls from primary to tertiary levels.
Makudu in (2005) asserted that women are grossly under presented in technology education both at the secondary and tertiary levels. According to him, this can be associated with social cultural as well as the “self-defeating” attitude of female towards enrolment in such area like technology education and their choice of career.
In Kwara State, statistics shows that the enrolment of students into Erin Ile technical school. In 2010/2011 session over sixteen students were admitted, which no female students were found, in year 2011/2012 session over twenty students were admitted which no female students found, in 2012/2013 fifteen students was admitted, which no female students was found till 2015/2016 session  which eighteen students was enroll, which one female student were found. Statistics shows that the number of female students admitted was too low compared to that of male students in Erin Ile Technical School.
This also revealed that the males were more in number than that of female students. It appears that generally there has been low number of females’ enrolment when compared to that of male in four consecutive admission years as revealed above. Thus the essence of present study is to identify the factors affecting low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School.

SOCIAL INFLUENCE
According to Longman dictionary define socialization as the process which people, especially children are made to have in a way that is acceptable in their society.
Many countries of the world today needed educational system capable of competently handling very large student's bodies totaling 1000 or students at a time. Government in both developed and developing countries no longer have money to build and maintain buildings for 1000 students a year or if they did, they would not put the money into educational buildings because of changed in political and development priorities.
However, social facilities should be provided such as workshop that is full of different equipment, good building, electricity and all kind of social facilities in order to enhance technical school and to increase the enrolment of female students in technical school.

CULTURAL /TRADITIONAL INFLUENCE
Longman dictionary defines culture is the ideals, belief and customs that are shared and accepted by the people in a society. In the olden days, the purpose on earth is to procreate, which means that as one is begotten so also be beget.
In this respect, the more wives and children one has, the more fulfilled and worthwhile. A life he considered to have lived life itself is presumed to have a purpose and man is bound to find a purpose for his life.
However, lack of knowledge has affected the large number of female students in technical education. More so, only the lazy ones are sent to school then, so females are hard working and they are trained in trading that is why we have low enrolment of female students in technical schools.

        RELIGIOUS INFLUENCE
According to BBC dictionary religions is a belief in a God or gods and the activities connected with this belief or a strong belief in a God or gods either Christianically, Islamically or Traditionally.
Islam is the religion of the Muslims which teaches that there is only one God and that Mohammed is the prophet of God. Christianity is a religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ and on belief that he is the son of God. Traditionalism is behaviour and ideas that support old customs and belief rather than moderns ones .also the customs and belief have existed for a very long time without changing.

1.2   STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The successful planning and implementation of so many educational programmes came to failure after a short while due to poor administration and altitude of government towards educational policy, some ideal programmes collapse after a few periods either because of change in government or due to non adequate fund to carry on the programme.
The levels of technical education suggested how effective management activities could be pitched for effective control and accountability. While we yearn for expansion technical school, we ought to find means. Sufficient means to equip it and manage it well to help it to survive and to sustain our desired needs of industrialization and introductory technology.
Thus the essence of this study is to identify the factors affecting low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School and the support given to them by government and parent towards the growth and development of the school in order to reduce the factors facing low enrolment of female students Erin Ile Technical School.

1.3   RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study intends to find answers to the following questions.
1. Does social factor affect low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School?
2. Does cultural/traditional factor contribute to low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School?
3. Does Religion factor also encourage low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School?

1.4   RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

• There is no significant difference in the contribution of social factors to the low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School.
• There is no significant difference in the contribution of cultural/traditional factors to the low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School.
• There is no significant difference in the contribution of religion factors to the low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School. 

1.5   PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this study is to identify factors influencing low enrolment of female student in Erin Ile Technical School in Oyun Local Government Area, Kwara state. Specifically in this study the researcher will identify this factor base on:

1.6   SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is to identify some of the factors that affect enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School. This study would be of help to the government and to create awareness on the factors affecting low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School and how to encourage them to enrol.
Secondly, this study would help the home and society to encourage the enrolment of female students into Technical School. It will also enlighten the females to understand Technical School is not meant for only males.

1.7   SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The researcher mainly focused on these factors influencing low enrolment of female students in Erin Ile Technical School Oyun Local Government Area Kwara State with particular reference to Government of Erin Ile Technical School. Those factors influencing low enrolment of females in Erin Ile Technical School are:

• Social factor
• Cultural/traditional factor
• Religion factor

SOCIAL FACTOR: in a situation where the school environment is not conducive for  teaching and learning in term of social facilities like, good buildings, Technical equipments, electricity and water e.t.c. this can easily affect low enrolment of female students in technical education.
Cultural/tradition factor Africa people belief in custom and culture to the extend that parent will not allow their children to marry another citizen and this also affect low enrolment of female students in Technical education. More so, female will not be allowed to go school in order not forget or deviate the culture or traditional of their forefather.
RELIGION FACTOR: Religion let us to understand that women are weaker than men and man is the head of family while, males are the ones to work and provide for female. That is why we will have low number of female in Technical School.

1.8   DEFINITION OF TERMS
Education: This refers to the act of imparting knowledge on people either by teaching of observation, initiation in order to make the recipient useful in the society. 
Student: People usually over age of sixteen years olds who are in post-primary school
Research: Carefully study or investigation especially in order to discover new facts or information.
Parent: Refer to as a person's father or mother.
Technology: Is the scientific knowledge used in practical ways in industry?
Factor: One of the several things that cause or influences something.

1.9                                                         PROJECT ORGANISATION
The work is organized as follows: chapter one discuses the introductory part of the work,   chapter two presents the literature review of the study,  chapter three describes the methods applied,  chapter four discusses the results of the work, chapter five summarizes the research outcomes and the recommendations.

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